radiate not write, might etcrose/papers/midnight.pdf · radiate christopher rose 1 and gre gory...
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ETMightWrite,NotRadiate
ChristopherRose1andGregoryWright2
1WINLAB
RutgersUniversity
Piscataway,NewJersey08854USA
2AntiopeAssociates
18ClayStreet
FairHaven,NewJersey07704USA
December16,2004
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WriteNotRadiate1
Atruckfilledwithstoragemedia,drivenacrosstown,isaveryreliable
highbitratechannel.
–Comm.TheoryCollectiveSubconscious
C.RoseWINLABMidnightSeminar
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WriteNotRadiate2
TenYearsofWirelessResearch
SpectrumManagement
Interferencehurts,sodealwithit!
Delaytolerance
–Transmitwhenchannelgood!
Mobility
–Isnotanathemaithelps!
C.RoseWINLABMidnightSeminar
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WriteNotRadiate3
GOPOSTAL!Radiointerferenceisbad
–Mutualinterferenceisanetworkkiller
Mobilityisgood
–Canoftentoleratedelay
–Channelespeciallygoodwhennearby
Storagedensityisincreasing
–FasterthanMoore!
ForgetRadio!Writemessagedown!Tossittorecipient!
Completelyridiculous!!(right?)
C.RoseWINLABMidnightSeminar
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WriteNotRadiate4
Nope,NotRidiculousNYC/BostonMatterTransportEnergy
–200milesat20milespergallon
–12108Joulespergallon
–100kgDVDs:25105bits/joule
EquivalentRadiationEnergy
–Satellite:5660bits/joule
(35104kmuplink,D2propagation,1m2dish)
–Terrestrial(320km,D4propagation):MUCHlowerefficiency
Butadhoccomparisonsareunsatisfying
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WriteNotRadiate5
ALittleAnalyticRigor
R2
π
0D
apertures
0Dr
τ=D/c+T
T
radiated message
D/c 0
Mass Transport
Radiation
mass delivered
C.RoseWINLABMidnightSeminar
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WriteNotRadiate6
InformationDensity,ρ
HowAboutBlackHoles?
SchwarzschildRadius:r2GMc215X1027M
Infocontentgoesaseventhorizonsurfacearea:1072r2bits
ρ151045rbits/kg
Microhole(1µmradius):151039bits/kg
Donut-holesizedhole(1cmradius):151043bits/kg
Aweebitimpractical(andantisocial)
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WriteNotRadiate7
EmpiricalMassInformationDensitiesI
VoyagerSpacecraft:106bits/kg
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EmpiricalMassInformationDensitiesII20lbpaper@1000dpi:21010bits/kg
DVD:31012bits/kg
MagneticStoragewithFeO2:21017bits/kg
OpticalLithographywithSiO2:3851018bits/kg
E-beamLithographywithSiO2:1541021bits/kg
STMwithXeonNi:1741022bits/kg
RNA:361024bits/kg
LiBe:751025bits/kg
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WriteNotRadiate9
MinimumTransportEnergy,E
Justtheinitialkineticenergy:
E
12
mv2
.
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WriteNotRadiate10
MinimumTransportEnergy,E
Justtheinitialkineticenergy:
E
12
mv2
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InscribedMatterEnergyRequirementsMessagesizeB,massinformationdensityρ
Ew
12
Bρ
v212
Bρ
cδ
2
10 101010100110864
solar escape
earth escapem
ilky way escape
jetliner
brisk walk
δ
light speed
Artillery:addsafactorof2toenergy
Escape:smallpenaltyifv2escapevelocity
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RadiationEnergyRequirementsEnergycapture
νD
AG
4πD2
BitsalaShannon:
BTCTWlog2PGA
4πD2
N0W
1
ErPT,
ErBN04πD2
AGTWB
2B
TW1
LargeTW:
ErBN04πD2
AGln2
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WriteNotRadiate13
RadiationtoTransportEnergyRatio
ΩEr
Ew
NormalizedApertureA2Rλ
NormalizedDistanceDD2R
ΩρN0
c2
8π2
DA
2
2ln2δ2
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WriteNotRadiate14
IsotropicRadiationvs.TerrestrialArtillery
ρ31024,R5cm,Temperature300K
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
Fraction of Lightspeed10
0
102
104
106
108
1010
Ω
D=10mD=100mD=1000mD=10000m
walking
running
jetlinerAside:250secondsbetweenNYCandBostonballistically
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WriteNotRadiate15
ChiptoChipLaserLinks
D=10cm
2R=10um
300KIR
Laser
Delay:δ109
Wavelength:λ1µm
Magneticstorage:Ω104
STMinscription:Ω5108
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Interstellar
(ρ1022,δ103,Temperature3K)
102
104
106
108
1010
1012
1014
1016
1018
1020
1022
D (normalized distance)
100
104
108
1012
1016
1020
A
(norm
alized ap
erture)
Arecibo@10GHz10m Optical (500nm)1m Xray (0.1nm)Earth@10GHz
Ω
1
10-6
106
1012
1018
1024
1030
10kLY,Arecibo-Arecibo:Ω51015
–Radiation/Matter:(2megatonblast)/(Shelve5lbsugarbag)
C.RoseWINLABMidnightSeminar
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Voyager
109bitpayload
900kgmass
Catapultlaunch:about800joules/bit
BreakevenDistance:2000lightyears
Asides:
–RocketLaunch:distanceup9.
–Use3DVDs(insteadofgolddisc):distancedown10
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WriteNotRadiate18
ThePhysicsHasSpoken
Matterisstunninglymoreefficientforawiderangeofdistancesandmethodsof
radiatedcommunications.
Butwhatabout...
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WriteNotRadiate19
MatterandRadiationPenalties
Radiation
–ImpermanenceandRepetition
Matter
–Broadcast
–InscriptionEnergy
–DecelerationAtTarget
–Preservation
–Advertisement
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WriteNotRadiate20
MatterPersists–RadiationVanishes
messageradiated
messageradiated
messageradiated
birthlife
time
radiatedmessage
mass packet
CivilizationBirthRate:α1109peryear
CivilizationExtinctionRate:β1106peryear
Successcriterion0Φ1
Howmanyradiatedrepetitions?
–Φ0992105
–Φ099992107
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WriteNotRadiate21
IsRadiationBetterforBroadcast?
Radiationilluminatesmanymatterpenalty
MilkyWaystellardensity28102stars(LY)3
Sphericalgalaxy,isotropicradiation,Arecibo-Arecibo
–R104LY:1131011stars(butΩ1028)
–R106LY:1131017stars(butΩ1032)
No,inscribedmatterstillwins!
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WriteNotRadiate22
InscriptionEnergy/Speed
MatterInscription/ReadoutEnergyandTime
–Canbereversibleandabitrarilyfast(R.Landauer)
Empiricalenergycalc:
–60000ATP/secondfor20minutes:4639KbaseofE-coli
–81020JperATPmolecule
–621019Jbit1.
–Eatearthescape:1681017Jbit1.
Constructionenergyprobablynotaproblem
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ParkingthePackage
Assumeexhaustbraking
Energypenalty(excessmass):ec
δgIsp
IspSpecificImpulse
–Chemical:102
–NuclearElectric:104
–Fusion:106
Isp20000,δ1000penalty46
δ100orIsp2000penalty44106
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CosmicInsultsInsults:
–Highenergyparticlebombardment
–Heating(diffusion)
–Iontracks,dislocations,subatomiccascades
Shielding:
–10millionyearsat10%bacteriaviability:3mradiusrock
(3gcm3density)
–34106penalty
CleverComposition,CodingandCorrection?
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OverallImplication
ETmightwritenotradiate
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SolarSpaceisBIG
MessageAdvertisement?
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BigRock?
Somewhatantisocial
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OddRock?
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SeededComet?
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ActiveProbe?
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LifeBoat?
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CONCLUSIONS
IfDelayAcceptable
Inscribedmattermessagingisefficient
–FedExandNetflix
MightevenfinesseGupta-KumaradhocnetsNproblem
–littledatamissiles
Chip-to-chipormote-to-motecommunication
–smartdusttossinginscribeddust
Shouldstartlookingforextraterrestrialartifacts
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LearnMore
Nature431,pp.47–49,September2,2004WebSite:http://www.winlab.rutgers.edu/crose/cgi-bin/cosmic19.html
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