Soal Nomor 1

Calculate the formal charge on each second-row atom :

a.

Soal Nomor 1

Calculate the formal charge on each second-row atom :

b.

Soal Nomor 1

Calculate the formal charge on each second-row atom :

c.

Muatan Formal (Formal Charge)

Formal charge : valence electrons – nonbonding valence electrons – bonding electrons/2

1a

1b

1c

Soal Nomor 2

Draw a Lewis structure for each ion :

a. CH3O-

b. HC2-c. (CH3NH3)+d. (CH3NH)-

CH3O-

HC2-

(CH3NH3)+

(CH3NH)-

Resonansi

Isomer

Soal nomor 3

Considering structure A-D, classify each pair of compounds as isomers, resonance structure, or neither :

a. (A) and (B)b. (A) and (C)c. (A) and (D)d. (B) and (D)

Soal Nomor 3

(A) (C)

(B) (D)

a. (A) dan (B)

(A) (B)

a. (A) dan (B)

Resonansi Saja

(A)

(B)

b. (A) dan (C)

(A) (C)

Tidak mengalami resonansi dan tidak berisomer, karena berbeda struktur serta rumus molekulnya

c. (A) dan (D)

(A) (D)

Hanya mengalami isomer

d. (B) dan (D)(B) (D)

Hanya mengalami isomer, karena memiliki rumus molekul yang sama

Tidak mengalami resonansi, karena perbedaan struktur molekulnya

Soal Nomor 4

Follow the curved arrows to draw a second resonance structure for each species

a.

b.

Soal Nomor 4

a.

+

Soal Nomor 4a+

Soal Nomor 4b.

Soal Nomor 4b