radar remote sensing from space for monitoring …...radar remote sensing from space for monitoring...

EGU2014, Vienna – 30 April, 2014

Riccardo Lanari IREA-CNR Napoli

[email protected]

Radar remote sensing from space for monitoring deformations

affecting urban areas and infrastructures

AEIT 2015, Napoli – October 16, 2015 [email protected]

Active sensors: capability to "observe" during day and night

Why Radar (SAR) Imaging from space ?

Microwave sensors: capability to "observe" even in presence of clouds

Coherent sensors: capability to preserve both amplitude and “phase” information (SAR Interferometry)


S(t1)

S(t2)

Baseline

“Observing” with coherent systems -> DInSAR Scenario

-

Interferogram Campi Flegrei

- 2/λ

3/2000-7/2000


DInSAR Scenario (3)

The 29 May 2012, 5.8 ML Emilia (North Italy) earthquake


ERS1

ERS2

RADARSAT-1

ENVISAT

2010 1992 1995 2001 1997 2002

J-ERS1

1998 First Generation

2007 2014 2006

RADARSAT-2

2011

TERRASAR-X

SENTINEL-1

ALOS

ALOS-2

COSMO-SKYMED

Temporal evolution of radar satellites for Earth Observation

Second generation


Inte

rfer

ogra

ms

Berardino et al., 2002, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. Pepe et al., 2005, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens.

Mean deformation velocity [cm/yr]

> 0.75 <- 0.75

Mt. Vesuvio Campi Flegrei

Ischia

Advanced DInSAR technique: the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS)

ENVISAT

ERS

ERS/ENVISAT images (1992 – 2010)


Urban deformation phenomena: the city of Rome

Viale Giustiniano Imperatore area M

ean

velo

city

[cm

/yr]

> 0.5

<- 0.5


Zeni et al., 2011, J. Geophys. Eng.


Bld. 2

Bld. 1

Building 2

Building 1

Selected buildings for damage assessment


DInSAR analysis on Viale Giustiniano Imperatore area

P1

P2

P3

Zeni et al., 2011, J. Geophys. Eng.


Bonano et al., 2012, Int. J. Remote Sens.

Locone Lake Dam (Puglia, South Italy)



Analisi SqueeSAR™

Invasi artificiali per centrale idroelettrica


CSK3

•Sensor spatial resolution: 3 m •Spatial coverage: 40 x 40 km • X-band

CSK1 CSK2 CSK4 CSK1

8 days 1 3 days 4 days Time

16 days

COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) Constellation


ERS: C-Band Spatial resolution: 5x20 m

Revisit time: 35 days Archives: 1992-2011

Cosmo-SkyMED: X-Band Spatial resolution: 3x3 m

Revisit time: 8 days Archives: 2007 - today

SAR sensors : from the first to the second generation


By synthesizing an antenna also in the slant height direction orthogonal to the line of sight it is possible to extend the classical 2D (azimuth-slant range) SAR imaging to 3D (azimuth-slant range-slant height). A radar scanner that can be used to analyze the vertical profile of the scattering (urban area, forest) is therefore implemented.

International awards: •IEEE Gesocience and Remote Sensing Letters Award 2011 •Student Competition prize alla Conferenza IEEE-GRS/ISPRS JURSE 2011, Muenchen, Germania •Student Competition prize alla Conferenza IEEE-GRS/ISPRS JURSE 2013, Sao Paulo, Brasile

SAR Tomography: 3D imaging


3D reconstruction of the San Paolo Stadium (Napoli, South Italy): SAR tomography


SAR tomography allows also monitoring displacements over the time of the reconstructed 3D point clouds. 4D imaging has been shown to overcome the performances of classical deformation monitoring methods based only on the use of the phase information, not only for what concerns the solution of the layover but also for the detection of scatterers in the absence of layover.

Example of monitoring of deformation of infrastructures with the 4D Imaging technique on COSMO-Skymed data: 30 images acquired between 2010-2011.

Differential SAR Tomography: 4D imaging


Thanks!

radar remote sensing from space for monitoring …...radar remote sensing from space for monitoring...

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