r404a replacements in commercial . · pdf filelatest technologies in refrigeration and air...

Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVI European Conference Milano, 12th - 13th June 2015

General Gas

HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL 1

R404A replacements in Commercial

refrigeration.


General Gas


Agenda

Introduction to HFOs and Solstice® family

R404A replacement:

R407F Solstice® N40 (R-448A) HDR110

F-Gas: business consequences


General Gas


F-Gas – Control of Use in Commercial Refrigeration

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2022 2025 2028 2030

New Installation

Bans* (only main bans affecting Refrigeration shown

here)

Maintenance & Service

Bans* (only those affecting Refrigeration shown here)

Stationary Refrigeration

Equipment requiring HFC

>2500 GWP

Centralised multipack

systems >40kW capacity

using HFC >150 GWP /

except primary circuit

(not distributed) of

cascade system where

<1500 GWP is acceptable

New Commercial

Refrigerators / Freezers

(hermetically sealed

systems) >2500 GWP

New Commercial

Refrigerators / Freezers

(hermetically sealed

systems) >150 GWP

Domestic refrigerators

and freezers using

HFC’s >150 GWP

Virgin F-gases >2500 GWP

for servicing ref equip. With charge size of >40 T CO₂-eq (~10kg R404A)

Recycled and reclaimed F-

gases with >2500 GWP for

servicing ref equip with a charge size of >40 T CO₂-eq

RAC & H/Pump equip. pre-

charged with F-gases must be

included in a registered Quota system beginning 2017

Exemptions include Military

equipment and refrigeration

applications below -50 Deg C

NOTE: R407F (<1825 GWP) repl. for

R404A - can be used for servicing

without end date (beyond 2030...)

Phase-Down of HFC’s will have the Greatest Impact


General Gas


F-Gas – Phase Down

Phase Down Mechanism

• What is your Strategy for Change? It should include...

• Refrigerant leak / charge reduction

• Educate your team and your customers on this change

• Improve your understanding of the low GWP alternatives to R404A

• Understand the minor differences in ‘how they are applied’

F-gas Regulations will

Challenge our Industry

Opportunities

• Become more comfortable with the differences glide / flammability / high pressures / different system technologies etc..

• Refrigerant choice – STOP using R404A wherever possible

• Mindset - Change provides Opportunities for your business


General Gas


Introduction to Solstice® family

Solstice® HFO molecules Low and medium pressure applications

Nonflammable

(ASHRAE A1)

Mildly flammable

(ASHRAE A2L)

Examples of potential

applications

R-134a GWP=1430

Solstice® yf GWP* < 1

Auto A/C, Vending,

Refrigerators

Solstice® ze GWP* < 1

Chillers, CO2 Cascades

Refrigerators

R-123 GWP= 77

Solstice® zd GWP* =1

Centrifugal Chillers

*IPPC5


General Gas


Introduction to Solstice® family

Solstice® Blends

Non Flammable

(ASHRAE A1)

Mildly Flammable

(ASHRAE A2L)

Examples of potential

applications

R-134a GWP=1430

Solstice® N13 (R-450A) GWP* = 547

Chillers, Med-temp

Refrigeration

R-404A

GWP=3922

Solstice® N40 (R-448A) GWP* = 1273

Solstice® HDR 110 GWP* < 150

Low-Temp

Refrigeration

R-22 GWP=1810

Solstice® N20

GWP* = 891

Solstice® L20 (R444B) GWP* = 295

Stationary A/C,

Refrigeration

R-410A GWP=2088

Solstice® L41 (R-447A) GWP* = 572

Stationary A/C

Applications

*IPPC5


General Gas


R407F: Independent Measured Performance Comparison

Efficiency comparisons (Independent verification)

• Important improvements in MT applications ~ 10%

• Climate / system specific / optimisation during retro-fit

• Still large improvements at LT conditions ~ 6%

• Clear overall improvement in Energy Efficiency shown by R407F

Considerable

reduction in

operational / running

costs

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

103%

Bit

zer

Test

AS

DA

106%

Tew

is S

tud

y 108%

Sch

reze

nm

aier

Mo

rris

on

s

113%

Sa

fric

lim

107%

10

0%

110%

AS

DA

113%

Bit

zer

Test

115%

R40

4A

Efficiency

@ Medium Temp Efficiency

@ Low Temp

R407F (Measured Results) R404A

Baseline


General Gas


MT

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

110%

120%

-10°C / 45°C -30°C / 45°C

Cap

acit

y %

wit

h R

esp

ect

to

R4

04

A

Introducing N40 (R448A): Capacity & COP

Under system-like conditions, both R407F and N40 (R448A) provide capacity above 95% of R404A in low and medium temp applications

Under medium temp system conditions, R407F and N40 (R448A) provide the best efficiency (COP) Under low temp system conditions, N40 (R448A) provides the highest COP

Mean Pressures / Suct. Temp = -4°C (LT); 20°C (MT) / Useful Superheat = 5K / Subcooling = 0K

R4

04

A

R4

07

A

R4

07

F

R4

49

A

N4

0 (

R4

48

A)

R4

04

A

R4

07

A

R4

07

F

R4

49

A

N4

0 (

R4

48

A)

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

105%

110%

115%

120%

-10°C / 45°C -30°C / 45°C

CO

P %

wit

h R

esp

ect

to

R4

04

A

R4

04

A

R4

07

A

R4

07

F

R4

49

A

N4

0 (

R4

48

A)

R4

04

A

R4

07

A

R4

07

F

R4

49

A

N4

0 (

R4

48

A)

BITZER Software: semi-hermetic compressor (4GE-23Y)

LT MT LT


General Gas


90%

95%

100%

105%

110%

115%

120%

LT (-30°C) and MT (-10°C) @ 45°C Cond. Temp

% w

ith

Re

spe

ct t

o R

40

4A

Combined* LT and MT Energy Efficiency

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

-10°C / 45°C -30°C / 45°C

Dis

char

ge T

em

pe

ratu

re (

de

g C

)

Discharge Temperature

R4

04

A

R4

07

A

R4

07

F

R4

49

A

N4

0 (

R4

48

A)

R4

04

A

R4

07

A**

R4

07

F**

R4

49

A

R4

48

A (

R4

48

A)

R4

04

A

R4

07

A

R4

07

F

R4

49

A

N4

0 (

R4

48

A)

Bitzer Performance: Combined LT/MT & Tdischarge

R448A (best) and R407F (better) provide the highest combined energy efficiency

Due to lower discharge temperature, R448A is less likely than R407A or R407F to require liquid injection** **Requirements will vary depending on the actual operating conditions.

* 33% of total load from low temp and 67% from medium temp **Liquid injection required

Semi-Hermetic Compressor (4GE-23Y)

MT LT


General Gas


Emerson Performance: Solstice® N40 (R-448A)

• Copeland Liquid and EVI Scroll

• Medium and Low Temperature

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

COP

COPARI/Dew Performance

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

COP

COP(Midpoint/SH 5K Peformance)

0.0

3.0

6.0

9.0

12.0

15.0

Cap

acit

y [k

W]

Capacity(ARI/Dew Performance)

0.0

3.0

6.0

9.0

12.0

15.0

Cap

acit

y [k

W]

Capacity(Midpoint/SH 5K Performance)

Scroll System Analysis @ -6.7°C / 48.9°C

R404A N40

Baseline 17%

>R404A

N40

11% >R404A

R404A

Baseline

• Copeland S/Hermetic Reciprocating

• Medium and Low Temperature

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

Cap

acit

y (k

W)

Capacity ARI/Dew Performance

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

Cap

acit

y (k

W)

CapacityMidpoint/SH 5K Performance

0.0

0.4

0.8

1.2

1.6

2.0

2.4

COP

COPARI/Dew Performance

0.0

0.4

0.8

1.2

1.6

2.0

2.4

COP

COPMidpoint/SH 5K Performance

15% >R404A

10% >R404A

N40

N40

R404A

R404A

Baseline

Baseline

Semi-Hermetic System Analysis @ -31.6°C / 43.3°C

Qualified for Use

‘N40 provides

superior

Energy

Efficiency to

that of R-404A

with reduced

GWP’


General Gas


3rd Party evaluations: Solstice® N40 (R-448A)

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US) Supermarket System Evaluation

Reduced compressor power by 3.7%

Increased refrigeration capacity by 7.5% Increased system COP by 11.6%

Baseline

R404

11% >R404A

Tewis Smart Systems Laboratory Test in Simulated Supermarket set-up

vs R-404A


General Gas


3rd Party evaluations: Solstice® N40 (R-448A)

Toshiba Refrigeration (Japan) Condensing Unit Performance trial

Ambient tests at 32º & 43º C to JIS 8623 (std)

N40 showed 4-16%higher COP and excellent

match in capacity

ASDA (UK) Successful >14 months trial store comparison

Improved capacity and efficiency vs. R404A Simple retro-fit with minimal system adjustment Discharge Temp close to R404A level (no liq injection

required on LT)

90%

95%

100%

105%

110%

115%

120%

125%

130%

To=32℃ To=43℃ To=32℃ To=43℃

Ca

pa

city

,CO

P [

%(v

s.R

40

4A

)]

Capacity COP

Evaporating

temperature -5°CEvaporating

temperature -30°C

108%110%

107%

116%

104% 102%

109%

98%

(JIS B 8623) (JIS B 8623)

‘Solstice N40 is well

engineered refrigerant

to meet requirement as

an alternative to

R404A’

Refrigerants roadmap: R-404A

Medium temperature and low temperature stationary refrigeration

Performax LT (R-407F)

Baseline R-404A (A1, 3922 / 3943)

GWP 4th

/ 5th 1824 / 1764

Class. A1

Potential app. MT and LT stationary refrigeration

Use New/Retrofit

Drop-in (1)

Cap. Similar

Drop-in (1)

Eff. 5% to 10% higher

Compressor (2) Recip, Scroll, Screw

CommentsNo TXV change

Higher Tdis in LT

Status Commercial

Solstice® N40 (R-448A)

Baseline R-404A (A1, 3922 / 3943)

GWP 4th

/ 5th 1386 / 1273

Class. A1

Potential app. MT and LT stationary refrigeration

Use New/Retrofit

Drop-in (1)

Cap. Similar

Drop-in (1)

Eff. 5% to 10% higher

Compressor (2) Recip, Scroll, Screw

CommentsNo TXV change

Good compressor envelope coverage

Status Available for sampling. Commercial 2015

(1) Drop-in test in a non-optimized system

(2) Suitable compressor technology, check with Honeywell technical department for qualified models

BETTER BEST

Performax LT (R-407F) is preferred option • Already commercial • Homologated by most components

manufacturers • Proven experience in commercial, industrial and

food service applications over Europe • Closer cost to R-404A than Solstice N40

Solstice N40 (R-448A) could be interesting if: • Further GWP reduction is desired

Environmental goal Tax country

• Slight improvement of Tdis vs R-407F is required Solstice N40: Tdis still higher than R-404A Solstice N40: Tdis still lower than R-22


General Gas


HDR110 (GWP<150): Self-Contained System Evaluation

ASHRAE 72 standard test: 3/4 HP Reach-in R404A Freezer placed in a chamber at 25°C Cabinet volume filed with glycol/water test simulators and frozen food

Near drop-in test of HDR-110: TXV was slightly adjusted to provide appropriate superheat No oil change required. Typical charge optimization carried out Evaporator position inverted to get counter-flow configuration


General Gas


24h Freezer Performance: HDR-110 vs R404A

Capacity within 5% of R404A

Efficiency increased by 6%

Maximum discharge temperature (108°C) within compressor limits

HDR-110 under Evaluation by Major Equipment Manufacturers

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

105%

110%

Capacity Efficiency

Pe

rfo

rman

ce [

% o

f R

40

4A

]

R404A HDR-110

r404a replacements in commercial . · pdf filelatest technologies in refrigeration and air...

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