r. shanthini 10 dec 2012 innovation in sustainable development (ensuring development occurs within...

R. Shanthini 10 Dec 2012

Innovation in Sustainable Development (ensuring development

occurs within ecological limits) will depend significantly on the

action of engineers.

The Natural Edge Project

CP551 Sustainable Development


Module 5:

Science, Technology, Innovations

and Sustainable Development.


You are given a grant opportunity to invent something.

It could be anything; big or small,

useful or useless, beneficial or destructive.

What would you invent?(Write down on a paper in one sentence.)

R. Shanthini 10 Dec 2012 http://www.lemelson.org/pdf/technologydisseminationstrategy.pdf

Technology Dissemination Portfolio StrategyThe Lemelson Foundation (improving lives through invention)

For as little as 2 $, a family can obtain a drip irrigation kit and improve family nutrition by cultivatinga 200 square-foot kitchen garden.



A Kenyan makes a living delivering clean water to restaurants, schools and homes.

He can carry twice as much water with theXAccess Longtail bicycle.

http://www.lemelson.org/pdf/technologydisseminationstrategy.pdf



Children in Mozambique pump water for their village while at play on one of Roundabout’s innovative carousel pumps.




A SEWA Bank employee (right) and a vegetable vendor discuss the benefits of using SELCO’s safe and affordable solar-powered lanterns for his night-market business inAhmedabad, India.



Kick-Start: with the mission is to get millions of people out of poverty quickly, cost-effectively and sustainably.

MoneyMaker irrigation pump can pump water from sources 7 m below the surface of the pump and draw water up to 14 m above ground through pressurization. It can be used to irrigate up to 2 acres of land.

http://www.kickstart.org/products/super-moneymaker/

Inventor of MoneyMaker, Dr. Martin Fisher, holds a doctorate in mechanical engineering and has won the $100,000 Lemelson-MIT Award for sustainability for his invention .



Impacts of MoneyMaker Pumps:- 45,000 pumps in use by poor farmers

- 29,000 new waged jobs created

- $37 million per year in new profits and wages

generated by the pumps

- More than 50% of pumps managed by women

entrepreneurs

- 4 manufacturers producing pumps

- over 400 retailers selling pumps in Kenya, Tanzania

and Mali

http://kickstart.org/tech/technologies/micro-irrigation.html



Oilseed Press extracts oil from sunflower, sesame, and other oil seeds.

http://kickstart.org/tech/technologies/oilprocessing.html

Gravity Bucket Filter produces clear, cold-pressed, nutritious cooking oil ready for sale or consumption. The seedcake is avalue added by-product as a high protein animal feed supplement.



Oilseed Press and Gravity Bucket Filter impact in Kenya from 1993 to 2003:

- 3 manufacturers making oilseed presses

- Over 1,050 presses sold

- Over 700 oilseed pressing businesses created or

expanded

- Over 1,500 new jobs in oil pressing businesses

- Over 8,000 new jobs in related activities

- Increased sunflower cultivation in Kenya

- Improved nutrition for people and livestock

http://kickstart.org/tech/technologies/oilprocessing.html


Green Roof of Chicago City Hall

The plants are mostly low-maintenance perennials.

Honeybees on the roof produce more than 150 pounds of honey every year!

It is not accessible to the public.


Green Roof of Kandalama Hotel

Source: http://www.greenroofs.com/

Located in Dambulla

5000 sq ft green roof

It got green walls

Designed by Geoffrey Bawa

It is not accessible to the public.


Recycled attractive productsLampshade made from a Salvation Army sweater and a discarded apple juice bottle.

It is beautiful, smart and straight forward – simply a good design.

By Sara Ebert

http://www.inhabitat.com/2009/05/21/sweater-sleeve-lamp-by-sarah-ebert/


Defining Innovation:

Introduction of a new idea, product, service, or practice which is intended to be useful;

to satisfy a perceived market need.

An essential element for innovation is its application in a commercially successful

way.

Source: The Natural Edge Project, http://www.naturaledgeproject.net

economically, ecologically and socially


Engineers must design more efficient internal combustion engines capable of running on alternative fuels such as alcohol, and new research into battery power should be undertaken… Wind motors and solar engines hold great promise and would reduce the level of CO2 emissions. Forests must be planted…

- Prof. Svante August Arrhenius, 1925

Talking of innovation….


Thomas Newcomen’s Steam Piston Engine

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_invention#Paleolithic_Era

Thermal efficiency is about 0.05%

In 1712, Thomas Savery’ steam engine was improved.

Steam entering the cylinder gave the upwards stroke of the piston. Cold water injected into the cylinder condensed the steam and created a vacuum. The atmospheric pressure gave the downward stroke of the piston.


Nicholas-Joseph Cugnot’s Steam Car

Thermal efficiency

= ??%Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_invention#Paleolithic_Era

invented In 1769


1785 1845 1900 1950 1990 2020

Inn

ova

tio

n

1st wave

2nd wave

3rd wave

4th wave

5th wave

6th waveWaves of Innovation since 1785

Source: Hargroves, K. and Smith, M. (2005), p 17.


1785 1845 1900 1950 1990 2020

Inn

ova

tio

n

1st wave

2nd wave

3rd wave

4th wave

5th wave

6th wave

IronWater power

MechanizationTextiles

Commerce

Waves of Innovation since 1785



1785 1845 1900 1950 1990 2020

Inn

ova

tio

n

1st wave

2nd wave

3rd wave

4th wave

5th wave

6th wave

Steam powerRailroad

Steelcotton




1785 1845 1900 1950 1990 2020

Inn

ova

tio

n

1st wave

2nd wave

3rd wave

4th wave

5th wave

6th wave

ElectricityChemicals

Internal combustion engine




1785 1845 1900 1950 1990 2020

Inn

ova

tio

n

1st wave

2nd wave

3rd wave

4th wave

5th wave

6th wave

PetrochemicalsElectronics

AviationSpace




1785 1845 1900 1950 1990 2020

Inn

ova

tio

n

1st wave

2nd wave

3rd wave

4th wave

5th wave

6th wave

Digital NetworksBiotechnology

SoftwareInformation technology




1785 1845 1900 1950 1990 2020

Inn

ova

tio

n

1st wave

2nd wave

3rd wave

4th wave

5th wave

6th wave

SustainabilityRadical resource productivity

Whole system designBiomimicry

Green chemistryIndustrial ecologyRenewable energy

Green nanotechnology



r. shanthini 10 dec 2012 innovation in sustainable development (ensuring development occurs within...

Documents

lemelson foundation

impacts of moneymaker

mali http

mozambique pump water

invention children

clean water

moneymaker irrigation

millions of people