r. david myers extension educator, agriculture sustainable and low input strip-till & no-till...
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R. David MyersExtension Educator, Agriculture
Sustainable and Low InputStrip-Till & No-Till Vegetable
Planting Tactics 2004-2006
Preliminary Report
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Fountain of Wealth?
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Do We Need Pesticides?
• National Organic Standards http://www.ams.usda.gov/nop/indexIE.htm
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Do We Need Pesticides?• Organic Trade Association
http://www.ota.com/organic/mt/business.html
• Current Organic Food Sales 1-2%The Rodale Institute has set a goal of 100,000 certified organic U.S. farmers, representing five percent of the 2 million American farmers, by the year 2013, In May 2003. Certified organic U.S. farmers now number approximately 12,200.—The Rodale Institute, www.newfarm.org/news/050103/0528/100,000.shtml.
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German Foxtail Millet 5 Days AP
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German Foxtail Millet 60 Days AP
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Pak Choi Plot Yield 9-7-00
28.5
10.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
yieldlbs/plot
LSD = 5.05P = .0014
Strip-TillNo-Till
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Kai Brady
Ferguson Manufacturing Company
P.O. Box 1098 Suffolk, VA 23439
Phone 757 539-3409
Fax 757 934-3612
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Quote: Ferguson Company 2-13-03
Ferguson 1-Row Rip-Strip-Till Implement
Assembled Components:
4”X 4”X 48” front bar with Cat. 1 hitch
2.5” X 2.5” X 48” bar with no-till coulter
4” X 7” X 48” bar with 1 subsoiler shank & 2 side coulters
2.5” X 2.5” X 48” bar with 2 parallel linkages & 1 double basket
assembly – 12” baskets
Depth gauge wheel assembly
2- park stands
Dealer Retail $2,954.00
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Monosem Planters US/A.T.I. Inc.
17135 W 116th Street
Lenexa, KS 66219
Paul Wood Eastern US Sales
Phone 757 539-3409 Ext. 5
Fax 757 934-3612
Monosem DealersBinkley & Hurst Bros. Inc, Lilitz, PA 717 626-4705Leatherbury Equipment Inc. Cheriton, VA 757 331-2681Robertson Equipment Inc. Colerain, NC 252 356-4782
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Quote: Binkley & Hurst Inc. 2-14-03
Monosem NG Plus Mounted Planter
Assembled Components:
2-Row NG+ 36” wide planter
1.4 bushel seed hopper
Turbo fan PTO with vacuum gauge
Dry fertilizer with double disk openers
Frame mounted no-till coulter
Trash sweeps
Heavy duty down pressure spring kit
Small seed air cleanout system
Concave and v-closing disks
14 sets of seed plates
Dealer Retail $12,923.00
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Table 1. Vegetable Planting Data
Crop Variety Row Spacing (inches)In Between
Planting Depth (inches)
Target Planting DatesSpring Fall
Sugar Snap Peas Sugar Bon 13/4 36 1/2 3 /1-3/12 8/15-8/24
Collards Champion 13/4 36 1/4 4/7-4/24 8/15-8/24
Kale Blue Curled Scotch 15/8 36 1/4 4/7-4/24 8/15-8/24
Turnips Purple Top 13/4 36 1/4 4/7-4/24 8/15-8/24
Chinese Cabbage Pak Choy & Michili 15/8 36 1/4 4/7-4/24 8/15-8/24
Spinach Tyee & Melody 15/8 36 1/4 4/7-4/24 8/15-8/24
Radish Red Globe & Icicle 13/4 36 1/4 4/7-4/24 8/15-8/24
Lettuce Salad Bowl & Oak Leaf 11/16 36 1/8 4/7-4/24 8/15-8/24
Swiss Chard Fordhook 13/8 36 3/8 4/7-4/24 8/15-8/24
Sweet Corn Argent &Incredible 81/3 36 11/4 4/28-5/8 NA
Popcorn South American Yellow Giant
81/3 36 11/4 4/28-5/8 NA
Ornamental Corn Indian 81/3 36 11/4 4/28-5/8 NA
Snap Beans Jade 2 36 11/4 5/8-5/20 NA
Summer Squash Goldbar, Fortune Straightneck & Seneca Zucchini
18 36 11/2 5/8-5/20 NA
Watermelon Crimson Sweet, Sugar Baby & Jubilee
22 120 11/2 5/8-5/20 NA
Pumpkins & Winter Squash
Autumn Gold, Cushaw Striped, Bird House, Jack-Be-Little & Gourd Mix
22 120 11/2 6/7-6/20 NA
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Table 2. Vegetable Strip-Till & No-Till Yield Averages 2004-2006
Crop Variety Yield lbs/acreStrip-Till No-Till
Kale Blue Curled Scotch 11,315a 8,345b
Turnips Purple Top 32,625a 26,100b
Chinese Cabbage Pak Choy 15,950a 11,600b
Chinese Cabbage Michili 20,300a 17,400b
Radish Red Globe 4,644a 4,060b
Swiss Chard Fordhook 7,975a 7,685b
Sweet Corn Argent 8,350a 7,940a
Popcorn South American Yellow Giant
4,900a 5,082a
Ornamental Corn Indian 10,527a 8,258b
Summer Squash Goldbar 15,518a 8,276b
Summer Squash Seneca Zucchini 23,413a 22,596a
Watermelon Jubilee 20,283a 16,063b
Pumpkins Autumn Gold, 12,524a 12,251a
Gourds Mixed 3,405a 3,367a
Gourds Birdhouse 14,422a 14,520a
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Leafy Greens Yield Lbs/Acre
7 WAP CMREC, Upper Marlboro 2004-2006
8,345
11,315
26,100
32,625
11,600
15,950
4,060 4,644
7,685 7,975
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
Kale Turnips Pak Choy Radish Chard
No-Till
Strip-Till
ab
a
b
a
b
a ba b
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Indian Corn Ear Weight/Acre 12 WAP
CMREC, Upper Marlboro 2004-2006
8,258
10,527
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
12000
Lbs/AcreEar Weight
P=0.022411
No-TillStrip-Till
a
b
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Popcorn Ear Weight/Acre 12 WAP
CMREC, Upper Marlboro 2004-2006
5,0824,900
40004200440046004800500052005400560058006000
Lbs/AcreEar Weight
NotSignificant
No-TillStrip-Till
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Zucchini Squash Yield 7-9 WAP, Harvested Weekly
CMREC, Upper Marlboro 2004-2006
22,596
23,413
1500016000170001800019000200002100022000230002400025000
Lbs/Acre Non-Significant
No-TillStrip-Till
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Yellow Squash Yield 7-9 WAP, Harvested Weekly
CMREC, Upper Marlboro 2004-2006
8,276
15,518
5000
7000
9000
11000
13000
15000
17000
19000
Lbs/Acre P=0.058168
No-TillStrip-Till
a
b
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Watermelon Yield 13 WAP
CMREC, Upper Marlboro 2004-2006
16,063
20,283
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
No-TillStrip-Till
a
b
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Pumpkin & Gourds Yield Lbs/Acre
15 WAP CMREC, Upper Marlboro 2004-2006
12,25112,524
15,585
17,300
14,52014,422
3,367 3,405
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
Pumpkin Cushaw Birdhouse Mixed Gourds Not Significant
No-Till
Strip-Till
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Preliminary Study ConclusionsResponse to strip-tillage may be variety sensitive.
For most crops investigated in this study strip-tillage led to a 20% to 30% increased plant population at emergence than no-tillage.
Strip-tillage warms the soil which provided a 15% to 35% yield increase in early spring planted leafy greens and vegetables.
Strip-tillage eliminated the cover crop competition, which led to robust seedling growth.
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Preliminary Study ConclusionsEarly pre plant burndown (EPP) of the cover crop is recommended when soil moisture is limiting. During drought conditions EPP one week prior to planting for each foot of cover crop canopy.
EPP of cover crop will also reduce the chance for seed germination inhibition due to allelopathy.
No-tillage may be more cost effective for summer vegetables with fast germination and quick seedling growth.
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R. David MyersExtension Educator, Agriculture
Thank You!Any Questions?
Check out our website!!!
www.AnneArundel.umd.edu
Sustainable and Low Input
Strip-Till & No-Till Vegetable
Planting Tactics 2004-2006
Preliminary Report