1. Quoting, Paraphrasing and SummarizingAn Introduction

2. Whats the difference? Quotations must be identical to the original. They must match the source document word for word and must be attributed to the original author. 3. Whats the difference? Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into your own words. A paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source. Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly. 4. Whats the difference? Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material. 5. Why should I use them? provide support for claims or add credibility to your writing refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing give examples of several points of view on a subject call attention to a position that you wish to agree or disagree with 6. Why should I use them? highlight a particularly striking phrase, sentence, or passage by quoting the original distance yourself from the original by quoting it in order to cue readers that the words are not your own expand the breadth or depth of your writing 7. How do I start? Read the entire text, noting the key points and main ideas. Summarize in your own words what the single main idea of the essay is. 8. How do I start? Paraphrase important supporting points that come up in the essay. Consider any words, phrases, or brief passages that you believe should be quoted directly 9. Paraphrasing A paraphrase is... your own rendition of essential information and ideas expressed by someone else, presented in a new form. one legitimate way (when accompanied by accurate documentation) to borrow from a source. a more detailed restatement than a summary, which focuses concisely on a single main idea. 10. Paraphrasing Paraphrasing is a valuable skillbecause...it is better than quoting information froman undistinguished passage.it helps you control the temptation to quotetoo much.the mental process required for successfulparaphrasing helps you to grasp the fullmeaning of the original. 11. Paraphrasing 6 Steps to Effective Paraphrasing1. Reread the original passage until youunderstand its full meaning.2. Set the original aside, and write yourparaphrase on a note card.3. Jot down a few words below yourparaphrase to remind you later how youenvision using this material. At the top ofthe note card, write a key word or phraseto indicate the subject of your paraphrase. 12. Paraphrasing 6 Steps to Effective Paraphrasing4. Check your rendition with the original tomake sure that your version accuratelyexpresses all the essential information in anew form.5. Use quotation marks to identify anyunique term or phraseology you haveborrowed exactly from the source.6. Record the source (including the page)on your note card so that you can credit iteasily if you decide to incorporate thematerial into your paper. 13. Summarizing A summary is much shorter than the original text. It should communicate the main idea of the text and the main supporting points written in your own words. in a very brief form. It should give someone who has not read the original a clear and accurate overview of the text. 14. Summarizing To summarizeRecord the author, title, year of publication andsource of the text.Skim the text. Note any sub-headings, or try todivide the text into sections.Read the text carefully. Use a dictionary ifnecessary, and be prepared to read very difficulttexts more than once.Pay special attention to the first and lastparagraphs. Try to identify the main idea orargument. 15. Summarizing To summarizeIdentify the topic sentence in eachparagraph.Identify the main support for the topicsentence.Write the topic sentence of your summary. Include the authors name, the title of thetext, the year of publication and theauthors main idea or argument 16. Whats plagiarism? Plagiarism is using others ideas and words without clearly acknowledging the source of that information. To avoid plagiarism, you must give credit whenever you use: another persons idea, opinion, or theory; any facts, statistics, graphs, drawingsany pieces of informationthat are not common knowledge; quotations of another persons actual spoken or written words; or paraphrase of another persons spoken or written words. 17. Good or Bad? Heres the ORIGINAL text, from page 1 of Lizzie Borden: A Case Book of Family and Crime in the 1890s by Joyce Williams et al.: The rise of industry, the growth of cities, and the expansion of the population were the three great developments of late nineteenth century American history. As new, larger, steam-powered factories became a feature of the American landscape in the East, they transformed farm hands into industrial laborers, and provided jobs for a rising tide of immigrants. With industry came urbanization the growth of large cities (like Fall River, Massachusetts, where the Bordens lived) which became the centers of production as well as of commerce and trade. 18. Good or Bad? Heres an UNACCEPTABLE paraphrase that is plagiarism: The increase of industry, the growth of cities, and the explosion of the population were three large factors of nineteenth century America. As steam-driven companies became more visible in the eastern part of the country, they changed farm hands into factory workers and provided jobs for the large wave of immigrants. With industry came the growth of large cities like Fall River where the Bordens lived which turned into centers of commerce and trade as well as production. 19. WHY???? The preceding passage is considered plagiarism for two reasons: The writer has only changed around a few words and phrases, or changed the order of the originals sentences. 20. WHY???? The writer has failed to cite a source for any of the ideas or facts. If you do either or both of these things, you are plagiarizing. 21. Good or Bad? Heres the ORIGINAL text, from page 1 of Lizzie Borden: A Case Book of Family and Crime in the 1890s by Joyce Williams et al.: The rise of industry, the growth of cities, and the expansion of the population were the three great developments of late nineteenth century American history. As new, larger, steam-powered factories became a feature of the American landscape in the East, they transformed farm hands into industrial laborers, and provided jobs for a rising tide of immigrants. With industry came urbanization the growth of large cities (like Fall River, Massachusetts, where the Bordens lived) which became the centers of production as well as of commerce and trade 22. Good or Bad? Heres an ACCEPTABLE paraphrase: Fall River, where the Borden family lived, was typical of northeastern industrial cities of the nineteenth century. Steam-powered production had shifted labor from agriculture to manufacturing, and as immigrants arrived in the US, they found work in these new factories. As a result, populations grew, and large urban areas arose. Fall River was one of these manufacturing and commercial centers (Williams 1). 23. WHY???? This is acceptable paraphrasing because the writer: accurately relays the information in the original uses her own words. lets the reader know the source of his/her information. 24. Thank You