Quiz on Chapter 2 & 3

• Limited Government• Magna Carta• Proprietary Colonies• Stamp Act• Articles of

Confederation• The Virginia Plan• The New Jersey Plan

• Three-Fifths Compromise

• Federalist• Popular Sovereignty• Separation of Powers• Federalism• Amendment• Executive Agreement

Instructions: On a blank sheet of paper copy each word and then provide a short definition or explanation of its meaning/importance (1-2 sentence max).

- Turn it into the basket when you are done -

Chapter 4: Federalism

Section 2: The National Government and 50 States

The Nation’s Obligations to the States

Republican Form of Government•The Constitution does not define “Republican”. The term is understood to mean a representative.•Only during Reconstruction was any state declared to not have a republican form of government.

The Nation’s Obligation to the States

Invasion and Internal Discord•1780s. In giving up their war making rights each state agreed that any attack was an attack on the United States, prior to this it was unclear.•It is assumed that all states will maintain peace within their boarders, but the Constitution provides for the use of Federal force to restore order.

The Nation’s Obligation to the States

Respect for Territorial Integrity•The National Government must recognize the legal existence and the physical boundaries of each State.•No State can be denied its equal representation in the United States Senate without its consent.

Admitting New States

• Only Congress has the power to admit new states.

• A new state cannot be created by taking territory from one, or more, existing states without consent.– Vermont, Kentucky, Tennessee, Maine and West

Virgina were made up of parts of existing states…• Congress has admitted 37 states, so far…come on

Puerto Rico!• Generally, the statehood process has taken 15

years to complete.

Admitting New StatesAdmission Procedure•The area desiring statehood asks Congress for admission.•If Congress agrees, it passes an enabling act, directing the territory to frame a State constitution.•Once completed and approved by the territory, it is sent to Congress for consideration.•If Congress still agrees, it passes an act of admission, creating the state.

Admitting New StatesConditions for Admission•Utah (1896) – State constitution would outlaw polygamy.•Alaska (1959) – Prohibited from claiming lands legally held by Native Americans.•Oklahoma (1907) – Had to wait until 1913 to move its capital from Guthrie. Capitol move to OKC in 1910. Supreme Court found in favor of OK, as condition interfered with internal affairs of the state.•Arizona (1912) …no list is ever complete without us – In 1911 President Taft vetoed Arizona’s admission because the State constitution allowed for judges to be recalled. Arizona removed the recall section and were admitted.

Cooperative Federalism

Federal Grants-in-Aid•Grants of federal money or other resources to states.•500+ Federal Grants-in-Aid programs exist today, totaling $275 billion (25% of combined state budgets).Revenue Sharing•Active from 1972 to 1987, now defunct.

Types of Federal GrantsCategorical Grants•Made for specific, closely defined, purpose.•Made with conditions attached:– Use federal money only for purpose.– State makes monetary contribution.– Provide administration of grant.– Obey government guidelines tailored to the purpose.

Block Grants•Use for more broad purposes. – e.g. Health Care, Welfare, Social Service.

•Have fewer strings attached.Project Grants•Made to states, localities and private agencies.•Support research, job training, employment programs.

Other Forms of Financial Aid

• National Government aids the States in several other important ways.– FBI assistance to local law enforcement.– US military training for State National Guard units.– Census Bureau’s statistics and data.

State Aid to the National Government

• States and local officials conduct national elections.

• Elections financed with State and local funding.

• Naturalization is managed by State courts.• State and Local law enforcement assist the FBI

by apprehending and holding wanted criminals.