quidway ar 18 series routers installation manual

Chapter 1 Router Overview 1-1.............................................................................

1.1 Introduction 1-1.............................................................................................1.2 Hardware Features 1-2.................................................................................

1.2.1 AR 18-12 Router 1-2............................................................................1.2.2 AR 18-13/18-15 Router 1-6..................................................................1.2.3 AR 18-16/18-18 Router 1-9..................................................................1.2.4 AR 18-20 Router 1-13............................................................................1.2.5 AR 18-30 Router 1-15............................................................................1.2.6 AR 18-31 Router 1-18............................................................................1.2.7 AR 18-32 Router 1-20............................................................................1.2.8 AR 18-33 Router 1-23............................................................................1.2.9 AR 18-34 Router 1-25............................................................................1.2.10 AR 18-35 Router 1-28..........................................................................

Chapter 2 Installation Preparation 2-1.................................................................

2.1 Requirements on Environment 2-1...............................................................2.1.1 Requirements on Temperature/Humidity 2-1.......................................2.1.2 Requirements on Cleanness 2-1..........................................................2.1.3 Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention 2-2....................2.1.4 Requirements on Electromagnetic Environment 2-3............................2.1.5 Requirements on Preventing Lightning 2-3..........................................2.1.6 Requirements on Workbench 2-3........................................................

2.2 Precautions 2-4............................................................................................2.3 Installation Tools, Meter and Equipment 2-4................................................

Chapter 3 Installing the Router 3-1......................................................................

3.1 Installation Flow 3-1......................................................................................3.2 Installing the Router 3-2...............................................................................

3.2.1 Placing the Router on a Workbench 3-2..............................................3.2.2 Mounting the Router on a Vertical Surface 3-3....................................

3.3 Connecting the Ground Wire 3-4..................................................................3.4 Connecting the Power Cord 3-5...................................................................3.5 Connecting the Router to Console Terminal 3-6..........................................3.6 Connecting the Router to the LAN 3-7.........................................................3.7 Connecting the Router to WAN 3-9..............................................................

3.7.1 Connecting the AUX Port 3-9...............................................................3.7.2 Connecting the Multiprotocol Synchronous/AsynchronousSerial Interface 3-10........................................................................................3.7.3 Connecting the CT1/PRI Port 3-15........................................................3.7.4 Connecting the E1 Port 3-16..................................................................3.7.5 Connecting the ISDN Port 3-19..............................................................

3.7.6 Connecting the Ethernet Port 3-20.........................................................3.7.7 Connecting the ADSL Port 3-20.............................................................3.7.8 Connecting the G.SHDSL Port 3-22......................................................

3.8 Verifying Installation 3-22...............................................................................

Chapter 4 Booting and Configuring the Router 4-1............................................

4.1 Booting the Router 4-1.................................................................................4.1.1 Setting up Configuration Environment 4-1...........................................4.1.2 Powering on the Router 4-4.................................................................4.1.3 Startup Process 4-5.............................................................................

4.2 Configuration Fundamentals of the Router 4-7............................................4.2.1 Basic Configuration Steps 4-7..............................................................4.2.2 Command Line Interface 4-8................................................................

Chapter 5 Maintaining the Router 5-1..................................................................

5.1 Maintaining the Router Software 5-1............................................................5.1.1 Boot Menu 5-1......................................................................................5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM throughXModem Protocol 5-4...................................................................................5.1.3 Backing up and Restoring the Extended Segment of BootROM Program 5-7.........................................................................................5.1.4 Upgrading Application Program with Ethernet 5-8...............................5.1.5 Uploading/Downloading Application, Boot ROM program andConfiguration File Using FTP 5-12..................................................................5.1.6 Recovering the Lost Router Password 5-16..........................................

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting 6-1.............................................................................

6.1 Troubleshooting Power System 6-1.............................................................6.2 Troubleshooting Configuration System 6-1..................................................

HUAWEI

Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Installation Manual

Quidway AR 18 Series Routers

Installation Manual

Manual Version T2-080491-20040205-C-2.00

BOM 31040791

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support and service. If you purchase the products from the sales agent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., please contact our sales agent. If you purchase the products from Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. directly, Please feel free to contact our local office, customer care center or company headquarters.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,

Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Postal Code: 518129

Website: http://www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2004 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All Rights Reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Trademarks

, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, , ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,

TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium, M900/M1800, TELESIGHT, Quidview, Musa, Airbridge, Tellwin, Inmedia, VRP, DOPRA, iTELLIN, HUAWEI OptiX, C&C08 iNET, NETENGINE, OptiX, iSite, U-SYS, iMUSE, OpenEye, Lansway, SmartAX, infoX, TopEng are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All other trademarks mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective holders.

Notice

The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this manual do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.

About This Manual

Release Notes

The product version corresponding to this manual is Quidway AR 18 Series Routers.

Related Manuals

The following manuals provide more information about the AR 18 Series Router.

Manual Content

Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Installation Manual

It mainly describes the hardware features of Quidway AR 18 Series Routers, as well as the installation, configuration, maintenance and the troubleshooting.

VRP1.7 Operation Manual I The manual is a guide for the users to use VRP1.7 to perform the operations correctly. It is organized into the parts of overview, system management, interface, link layer protocol, and network protocol.

VRP1.7 Operation Manual II The manual is a guide for the users to use VRP1.7 to perform the operations correctly. It is organized into the parts of routing protocol, multicast, security, and VPN.

VRP1.7 Operation Manual III The manual is a guide for the users to use VRP1.7 to perform the operations correctly. It makes the description from the aspects of reliability, QoS, dial-up, and voice. In addition, it provides a list of the abbreviations and acronyms used in the manual.

VRP1.7 Command Manual I The manual gives you a detailed description of the operating commands in VRP1.7. It is organized into the parts of overview, system management, interface, link layer protocol, and network protocol.

VRP1.7 Command Manual II The manual gives you a detailed description of the operating commands in VRP1.7. It is organized into the parts of routing protocol, multicast, security, and VPN.

VRP1.7 Command Manual III The manual gives you a detailed description of the operating commands in VRP1.7. It makes the description from the aspects of reliability, QoS, dial-up, and voice. In addition, it provides you with a general command index for the whole manual.

Manual Content

Quidway Series Routers Terminal Access User Manual

It is an operation guide for the users to use the terminal accessing function in a correct way. It comprises the operation guide to the terminal accessing function of routers and the UNIX host configuration guide as well.

VRP3 Operation Manual

The manual is a guide for the user to use VRP3.3 to perform the operations correctly. It is organized into the parts of getting started, system management, interface, link layer protocol, network protocol, routing protocol, multicast protocol, security, VPN, reliability, QoS, MPLS and dial-up, as well as abbreviations used in the manual.

VRP3 Command Manual

The manual gives the user a detailed description of the operating commands in VRP3.3. It is organized into the parts of getting started, system management, interface, link layer protocol, network protocol, routing protocol and multicast protocol, security, VPN, reliability, QoS, MPLS and dial-up, as well as a command index

Note:

Please see VRP1.7 series manuals for the configuration methods of AR18-10 Series Routers, and see VRP3 series manuals for the configuration methods of AR18-20/18-30 Series Routers.

Organization

Quidway.AR 18 Series Routers Installation Manual is organized as follows:

Chapter 1 Router Overview gives an overview of core technique, applications, models and features of Quidway AR 18 Series Routers.

Chapter 2 Installation Preparation describes the installation environment requirements, the precautions before and during installation, and lists the required tools as well.

Chapter 3 Installing the Router describes how to install the router, connect power cord and other cables.

Chapter 4 Booting and Configuring the Router describes how to boot the router and introduces some configuration fundamentals, including booting the router, powering on the router, initializing the system files, etc.

Chapter 5 Maintaining the Router tells you how to maintain the software and hardware, including software upgrade, loading configuration files, etc.

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting summarizes the possible problems in installation and equipment startup and provides you with the solutions.

Intended Audience

The manual is intended for the following readers:

Network engineers Network administrators Customers who are familiar with network fundamentals

Conventions

The manual uses the following conventions:

I. General conventions

Convention Description

Arial Normal paragraphs are in Arial.

Arial Narrow Warnings, Cautions, Notes and Tips are in Arial Narrow.

Boldface Headings are in Boldface.

Courier New Terminal Display is in Courier New.

II. GUI conventions

Convention Description

< > Button names are inside angle brackets. For example, click the <OK> button.

[ ] Window names, menu items, data table and field names are inside square brackets. For example, pop up the [New User] window.

/ Multi-level menus are separated by forward slashes. For example, [File/Create/Folder].

III. Keyboard operation

Format Description

<Key> Press the key with the key name inside angle brackets. For example, <Enter>, <Tab>, <Backspace>, or <A>.

<Key1+Key2> Press the keys concurrently. For example, <Ctrl+Alt+A> means the three keys should be pressed concurrently.

<Key1, Key2> Press the keys in turn. For example, <Alt, A> means the two keys should be pressed in turn.

IV. Symbols

Eye-catching symbols are also used in the manual to highlight the points worthy of special attention during the operation. They are defined as follows:

Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the

operation.

Note, Comment, Tip, Knowhow, Thought: Means a complementary description.

Environmental Protection

This product has been designed to comply with the requirements on environmental protection. For the proper storage, use and disposal of this product, national laws and regulations must be observed.

Installation Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Table of Contents

i

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Router Overview .......................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Hardware Features ............................................................................................................ 1-2

1.2.1 AR 18-12 Router ..................................................................................................... 1-2 1.2.2 AR 18-13/18-15 Router ........................................................................................... 1-6 1.2.3 AR 18-16/18-18 Router ........................................................................................... 1-9 1.2.4 AR 18-20 Router ................................................................................................... 1-13 1.2.5 AR 18-30 Router ................................................................................................... 1-15 1.2.6 AR 18-31 Router ................................................................................................... 1-18 1.2.7 AR 18-32 Router ................................................................................................... 1-20 1.2.8 AR 18-33 Router ................................................................................................... 1-23 1.2.9 AR 18-34 Router ................................................................................................... 1-25 1.2.10 AR 18-35 Router ................................................................................................. 1-28

Chapter 2 Installation Preparation............................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Requirements on Environment .......................................................................................... 2-1

2.1.1 Requirements on Temperature/Humidity ................................................................ 2-1 2.1.2 Requirements on Cleanness................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.3 Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention............................................. 2-2 2.1.4 Requirements on Electromagnetic Environment..................................................... 2-3 2.1.5 Requirements on Preventing Lightning................................................................... 2-3 2.1.6 Requirements on Workbench.................................................................................. 2-3

2.2 Precautions ........................................................................................................................ 2-4 2.3 Installation Tools, Meter and Equipment ........................................................................... 2-4

Chapter 3 Installing the Router .................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Installation Flow ................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Installing the Router........................................................................................................... 3-2

3.2.1 Placing the Router on a Workbench ....................................................................... 3-2 3.2.2 Mounting the Router on a Vertical Surface ............................................................. 3-3

3.3 Connecting the Ground Wire ............................................................................................. 3-4 3.4 Connecting the Power Cord............................................................................................... 3-5 3.5 Connecting the Router to Console Terminal ..................................................................... 3-6 3.6 Connecting the Router to the LAN..................................................................................... 3-7 3.7 Connecting the Router to WAN ......................................................................................... 3-9

3.7.1 Connecting the AUX Port ........................................................................................ 3-9 3.7.2 Connecting the Multiprotocol Synchronous/Asynchronous Serial Interface ......... 3-10 3.7.3 Connecting the CT1/PRI Port................................................................................ 3-15 3.7.4 Connecting the E1 Port ......................................................................................... 3-16

Installation Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Table of Contents

ii

3.7.5 Connecting the ISDN Port..................................................................................... 3-19 3.7.6 Connecting the Ethernet Port................................................................................ 3-20 3.7.7 Connecting the ADSL Port .................................................................................... 3-20 3.7.8 Connecting the G.SHDSL Port.............................................................................. 3-22

3.8 Verifying Installation......................................................................................................... 3-22

Chapter 4 Booting and Configuring the Router ......................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Booting the Router............................................................................................................. 4-1

4.1.1 Setting up Configuration Environment .................................................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Powering on the Router .......................................................................................... 4-4 4.1.3 Startup Process....................................................................................................... 4-5

4.2 Configuration Fundamentals of the Router........................................................................ 4-7 4.2.1 Basic Configuration Steps....................................................................................... 4-7 4.2.2 Command Line Interface......................................................................................... 4-8

Chapter 5 Maintaining the Router................................................................................................ 5-1 5.1 Maintaining the Router Software ....................................................................................... 5-1

5.1.1 Boot Menu............................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM through XModem Protocol .......... 5-4 5.1.3 Backing up and Restoring the Extended Segment of Boot ROM Program ............ 5-7 5.1.4 Upgrading Application Program with Ethernet ........................................................ 5-8 5.1.5 Uploading/Downloading Application, Boot ROM program and Configuration File Using FTP ...................................................................................................................... 5-12 5.1.6 Recovering the Lost Router Password ................................................................. 5-15

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 Troubleshooting Power System......................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Troubleshooting Configuration System ............................................................................. 6-1

Installation Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Chapter 1 Router Overview

1-1

Chapter 1 Router Overview

1.1 Introduction

Quidway AR 18 Series Routers (hereinafter referred to as AR 18) by Huawei Technologies are oriented for SOHO (small office/home office) subscribers. Currently the series include 3 sub-series: AR 18-1x, AR 18-2x, AR 18-3x.

The five models of AR 18-1x provide diverse WAN (Wide Area Network) ports, including multi-protocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interfaces, backup ports, ISDN BRI S/T and U ports, CT1/PRI ports and E1/CE1/PRI ports. This makes it possible for the user to flexibly combine the various technologies (such as PSTN/ISDN, FR (Frame Relay), X.25, DDN (Digital Data Network), T1 and E1 line) for networking.

The AR 18-2x is Ethernet router, provides Ethernet interface in the upstream direction.

The other six models of AR 18-3x, which belong to XDSL routers, provide ADSL ports, G.SHDSL ports or ISDN ports. With one or two subscriber lines, subscribers can be connected to CO (Central Office) devices (or through a 10BASE-T Ethernet port) for broadband Internet access. The ISDN port is often used as backup port, but it can also temporarily serves as uplink port when the ADSL or G.SHDSL port fails. In downstream direction, they provide four 10/100BASE-T Ethernet ports. Data switching between them is Layer 2 (L2) switching, which supports port isolating.

With the ports compliant with the international standards. AR 18 Series Routers can interoperate with the products of other manufacturers on all levels. Thus, the investment that the users have made can be protected to a maximum extent.


1-2

1.2 Hardware Features

1.2.1 AR 18-12 Router

I. Appearance

6（（

1（（2（（

3（（

4（（5（（

1) POWER LED 2) 100M ETH LED 3) SERIAL0 LED 4) SERIAL1 LED 5) AUX LED 6) SYSTEM LED

Figure 1-1 Front panel of AR 18-12 Router

DC12V

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

100M ETHCON AUX

1) Power switch 2) Power input socket 3) Console port (CON) 4) AUX port 5) FE (Fast Ethernet) port (100M ETH) 6) Grounding screw 7) Multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous port0 (SERIAL0)

8) Multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous port 1 (SERIAL1)

Figure 1-2 Rear panel of AR 18-12 Router


1-3

II. System specifications

Table 1-1 System specifications of AR 18-12 Router

Item AR 18-12

Port

1 console port

1 10/100M Ethernet port

1 AUX port

2 multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interfaces

Processor MPC860T 50MHz

SDRAM 64MB

Flash memory 8MB

Maximum power 10 W

Input

Rated voltage:100-240V a.c.; 50/60Hz

Maximum tolerance:90-264V a.c.; 50/60Hz

Current: 1 to 0.5A Power supply (external)

Output Voltage: 12V d.c.

Current: 4A

Dimensions (W X H X D) 251mm X 42.5 mm X 187mm (Maximum dimensions, which are the highest arc points of the plastic panel.)

Weight 0.85kg

Operating temperature 0 to 400C

Relative humidity 10 to 90% (noncondensing)

Note:

Router program operates in SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory). Flash memory is used to save Router program files, configuration files and so on. Boot ROM is used to save boot and initialization programs of the Router.

III. LEDs

Viewing with the front panel forward, there are six LEDs on the cover of the router: POWER, 100M ETH, SERIAL0, SERIAL1, AUX, and SYSTEM. The following table explains their meaning:


1-4

Table 1-2 LEDs of Quidwy AR 18-12 Router

LED Description

POWER OFF means that power is not being supplied.

ON means that power is being supplied.

100M ETH Off means that the link is not connected.

Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the Ethernet port.

SERIAL0

OFF means that the link is not connected.

ON means that the link is connected.

Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the synchronous/asynchronous port 0.

SERIAL1



Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the synchronous/asynchronous port 1.

AUX



Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the AUX port.

SYSTEM Blinking means that the system is properly working.

Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working.

IV. Port attributes

AR 18-12 Router provides console port, AUX port, 10/100M Ethernet port and multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interface. Their port attributes are described in the following tables.

Console port

Table 1-3 Attributes of the console port

Attribute Description

Connector RJ45

Interface standard Asynchronous RS232

Baud rate 9600 to 115200bps

Defaults to 9600bps


1-5


Services

Connects with ASCII terminal

Connects with serial interfaces of the local PCs and runs the terminal emulation program on the PCs

Command line interface

AUX port

Table 1-4 Attributes of the AUX port


Connector RJ45

Interface standard Asynchronous RS232

Baud rate 300 to 115200bps

Services Modem dial-up

Backup

Ethernet port

Table 1-5 Attributes of the Fast Ethernet port


Connector RJ45

Operating mode 10/100Mbps autosensing

Full duplex/half duplex

Multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interface

Table 1-6 Attributes of multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interface

Description Attribute

Synchronous Asynchronous

Connector DB50

V.24 (RS2322) V.35 RS449, X.21 and RS530

Interface standard and operating mode

DTE, DCE DTE , DCE DTE DCE V.24 (RS-232)

Minimum baud rate (bps)

1200 1200 1200 1200 300


1-6

Description Attribute

Synchronous Asynchronous

Maximum baud rate (bps)

64 k 4.096 M 4.096 M

2.048 M 115.2 k

Services

DDN leased line

Terminal access

Backup

Modem dial-up

Backup

1.2.2 AR 18-13/18-15 Router

I. Appearance

6（（

1（（2（（

3（（4（（

5（（

1) POWER LED 2) 100M ETH LED 3) SERIAL LED 4) BRI LED 5) AUX LED 6) SYSTEM LED

Figure 1-3 Front Panel of AR 18-13/18-15 Router

OFF ON DC12VCON BRI100M ETH SERIALAUX

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

1) Power switch 2) Power input socket 3) Console port (CON) 4) AUX port 5) FE port (100M ETH) 6) Multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous port 0 (SERIAL0) 7) Grounding screw 8) BRI port

Figure 1-4 Rear panel of AR 18-13/18-15 Router


1-7


Table 1-7 System specifications of AR 18-13/18-15 Router

Item AR 18-13 description AR 18-15 description

Port

1 console port


1 AUX port

1 multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interface

1 ISDN BRI S/T port

1 console port


1 AUX port

1 multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interface

1 ISDN BRI U port


SDRAM 64 MB

Flash memory 8 MB

Maximum power 10 W

Input





Current: 4A


Weight 0.85kg


Operating humidity 10 to 90% (noncondensing)

Note:



1-8

III. LEDs

Viewing with the front panel forward, there are six LEDs on the router cover: POWER, 100M ETH, SERIAL, BRI, AUX, and SYSTEM. The following table explains their meanings:

Table 1-8 LEDs of AR 18-13/18-15 Router

LED Description



100M ETH OFF means that the link is not connected.

Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the Ethernet port.

SERIAL



Blinking means that data is being sent or received over the synchronous/asynchronous port.

BRI

OFF means that no data is being sent or received over the ISDN BRI port and two B channels are free.

Blinking means that data is being sent and received over the ISDN BRI port.

AUX






IV. Port attributes

AR 18-13/18-15 Router provides console port, AUX port, 10/100M Ethernet port, multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interface, ISDN S/T or U port.The following tables describe the attributes of ISDN S/T port, U port. For the attributes of other ports, refer to Table1-3 through Table1-6 in “Section 1.2.1 AR 18-12 Routers”.

ISDN S/T and U ports


1-9

Table 1-9 Attributes of ISDN S/T and U ports


Connector RJ45

Protocol standards Complies with ITU-T I.430, Q.921 and Q.931 recommendations

Operating mode ISDN dial-up

ISDN leased line

Services

ISDN

ISDN additional services

1) Multi-subscriber number

2) Subaddress

Backup

1.2.3 AR 18-16/18-18 Router

I. Appearance

(1)(2)

(3)(4)

(5)(6)

(1)(2)

(3)(4)

(5)(6)

1) POWER LED 2) ETH LED 3) T1-LINK LED 4) T1-ACT LED 5) AUX LED 6) SYSTEM LED



1-10

DC12V CT1/PRICON AUX 100M ETH

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

1) Power switch 2) Power input socket 3) Console port (CON) 4) AUX port 5) FE port (100M ETH) 6) Grounding screw 7) CT1/PRI port


1) POWER LED 2) 100M ETH LED (3) E1-LINK LED 4) E1-ACT LED 5) AUX LED 6) SYSTEM LED


1) Power switch 2) Power input socket 3) Console port (CON) 4) AUX port 5) 100M ETH port 6) Grounding screw 7) E1-F port 8) Port impedance toggling button



1-11


Table 1-10 System specifications of AR 18-16/18-18 Router

Item AR 18-16 description AR 18-18 description

Port

1 console port

1 10/100Mbps Ethernet port

1 AUX port

1 CT1/PRI port

1 console port

1 10/100Mbps Ethernet port

1 AUX port

1 E1-F port

Button - 1 E1-F port impedance toggling button


SDRAM 64 MB

Flash memory 8 MB

Maximum power 10 W

Input





Current: 4A


Weight 0.85kg



Note:


III. LEDs

Viewing with the front panel forward, there are six LEDs on AR18-16/18-18 cover: POWER, 100M ETH, T1-LINK (AR 18-16)/E1-LINK (AR 18-18), T1-ACT (AR 18-


1-12

16)/E1-ACT (AR 18-18), AUX, and SYSTEM, from top to bottom. The following table explains their meaning:

Table 1-11 LEDs of AR 18-16 Router

LED Description



100M ETH OFF means that the link is not connected.

Blinking means that data is being sent from or received by the Ethernet port.

T1-LINK/E1-LINK OFF means that link is not set up.

ON means that link has been set up.

T1-ACT/E1-ACT OFF means that no data is being sent or received over the port.

Blinking means that data is being sent and received over the port.

AUX

OFF means that no data is being sent or received over the AUX port.





IV. Port attributes

AR 18-16/18-18 Routers provide console port, AUX port, 10/100M Ethernet port, and CT1/PRI port (AR 18-16) / E1-F (AR 18-18).The following table describes the attributes of CT1/PRI port. For the attributes of other ports, refer to Table1-3 through Table1-5 in “Section 1.2.1 AR 18-12 Routers”.

CT1/PRI and E1-F ports

Table 1-12 Attributes of CT1/PRI and E1-F ports

Attribute CT1/PRI description E1 description

Connector RJ45 DB15

Interface standard G.703. G.704

Interface rate 1.544Mbps 2.048Mbps

Operating mode CT1

ISDN PRI

E1

CE1


1-13

Attribute CT1/PRI description E1 description

Services

Backup

Terminal access

ISDN

1.2.4 AR 18-20 Router

I. Appearance

(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (2) ETH LED (LAN2) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (5) WAN LED (WAN) (6) System LED (SYS) (7) Power LED (PWR)

Figure 1-9 Front Panel of AR 18-20 Router

(1) Power switch (2) Power input socket (3) Console port (CON) (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (8) Grounding screw (9) WAN port (WAN)



1-14



Item AR 18-20 description

Port

1 console port

1 10M Ethernet port (WAN)

Four 10/100M Ethernet port (LAN)

Processor MPC859

SDRAM 64MB

Flash memory 8MB

Maximum power consumption 10W

Input

Rated voltage: 100-240V a.c., 50/60Hz

Maximum tolerance: 90-264V a.c. , 50/60Hz

Current: 0.5A~1A Power supply (external)


Current: 4A

Dimensions (W X H X D) 300mm X 180mm X 45mm (Maximum dimensions, which are the highest arc points of the plastic panel.)

Weight 1kg



III. LEDs

There are seven LEDs on AR18-20 cover. The following table explains their meaning.


LED Description

LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3/WAN

OFF means that link is not set up.


Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the port.

SYS Blinking means that the system is properly working.



1-15

LED Description

PWR OFF means that power is not being supplied.


IV. Port attributes

AR 18-20 Router provides console port, 10M and 10/100M Ethernet port. The following table describes the attributes of 10M and 10/100M Ethernet port.

Ethernet port

Table 1-15 Attributes of Ethernet port

Attribute 10BASE-T 10/100BASE-T

Connector RJ45

Operating mode 10Mbps


10/100Mbps auto-sensing

MDI/MDIX auto-sensing


Only L2 switching available

1.2.5 AR 18-30 Router

I. Appearance

(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (2) ETH LED (LAN2) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (5) ADSL active LED (DSL ACT) (6) ADSL link LED (DSL LNK) (7) System LED (SYS) (8) Power LED (PWR)



1-16

(1) Power switch (2) Power input socket (3) Console port (CON) (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (8) Grounding screw (9) ADSL port (ADSL over POTS)





Port

1 console port

1 ADSL over POTS

Four 10/100M Ethernet port (LAN)

Processor MPC859

SDRAM 64MB

Flash memory 8MB


Input


Maximum tolerance: 90-264V a.c., 50/60Hz



Current: 4A

Dimensions (W X H X D)

300mm X 180mm X 45mm (Maximum dimensions, which are the highest arc points of the plastic panel.)

Weight 1kg




1-17

III. LEDs

There are eight LEDs on AR18-20 cover. The following table explains their meaning.


LED Description

LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3



Blinking means that data is being sent from or received at the interface.

ADSL ACT OFF means that no data is being sent from or received at the interface.


ADSL LNK OFF means ADSL is inactive.

ON means ADSL is active.

Blinking means the interface is being trained.





IV. Port attributes

AR 18-30 Router provides console port, 10/100M Ethernet port and ADSL over POTS port. The following table describes the attributes of ADSL over POTS port.

ADSL over POTS port

Table 1-18 Attributes of ADSL over POTS port

Attribute description

Connector RJ11

Rate ADSL full-rate mode (i.e. ITU-T 992.1 G.DMT/ANSI T1.413)

12Mbps in downstream and 1024 kbps in upstream

ADSL Lite mode ((ITU-T 992.2 G.Lite):

In downstream, 64 kbps~1.5Mbps in steps of 32 kbps; in upstream,

64 kbps~512 kbps in steps of 32 kbps


1-18


Interface standard

ITU-T 992.1 G.DMT

ITU-T 992.2 G.Lite

ITU-T 994.1 handshaking

ANSI T1.413 Issue 2

Services ADSL access over twisted pairs

1.2.6 AR 18-31 Router

I. Appearance

(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (2) ETH LED (LAN2) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (5) ADSL active LED (DSL ACT) (6) ADSL LINK LED (DSL LINK) (7) ISDN B2 active LED (ISDN B2 ACT) (8) ISDN B1 active LED (ISDN B1 ACT) (9) ISDN link LED (ISDN LNK) (10) System LED (SYS) (11) Power LED (PWR)


(1) Power switch (2) Power input socket (3) Console port (CON) (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (8) Grounding screw (9) ISDN BRI port (10) ADSL over POTS port



1-19




Port

1 console port

1 ADSL over POTS

1 ISDN BRI S/T port

Four 10/100M Ethernet ports

Processor MPC859

SDRAM 64MB

Flash memory 8MB


Input





Current: 4A



Weight 1kg



III. LEDs

There are eleven LEDs on AR18-31 cover. The following table explains their meaning.


LED Description

LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3





1-20

LED Description

DSL ACT OFF means that no data is being sent from or received at the interface.


DSL LNK OFF means ADSL is inactive.



ISDN B1 ACT/ ISDN B2 ACT

OFF means B1 or B2 is inactive.

Blinking means B1 or B2 is active.

ISDN LNK OFF means ISDN is inactive.

ON means ISDN is active.


Always ON or OFF means that the system is incorrectly working



IV. Port attributes

AR 18-31 Router provides console port, 10/100M Ethernet port, ISDN S/T port and ADSL over POTS port.

1.2.7 AR 18-32 Router

I. Appearance

(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (2) ETH LED (LAN2) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (5) ADSL active LED (DSL ACT) (6) ADSL LINK LED (DSL LINK) (7) System LED (SYS) (8) Power LED (PWR)



1-21

(1) Power switch (2) Power input socket (3) Console port (CON) (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (8) Grounding screw (9) ADSL port (ADSL over ISDN)





Port

1 console port

1 ADSL over ISDN


Processor MPC859

SDRAM 64MB

Flash memory 8MB


Input





Current: 4A



Weight 1kg




1-22

III. LEDs



LED Description

LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3













IV. Port attributes

AR 18-32 Router provides console port, 10/100M Ethernet port and ADSL over ISDN port. The following table describes the attributes of ADSL over ISDN port.

ADSL over ISDN port

Table 1-23 Attributes of ADSL over ISDN port


Connector RJ11

Rate ADSL full-rate mode (i.e. ITU-T 992.1 G.DMT/ANSI T1.413)

8Mbps in downstream and 1024 kbps in upstream

Interface standard

ITU-T 992.1 G.DMT

ITU-T 994.1 handshaking

ANSI T1.413 Issue 2

Services ADSL access over ISDN line


1-23

1.2.8 AR 18-33 Router

I. Appearance

(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (2) ETH LED (LAN2) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (5) SHDSL active LED (DSL ACT) (6) SHDSL link LED (DSL LNK) (7) System LED (SYS) (8) Power LED (PWR)


(1) Power switch (2) Power input socket (3) Console port (CON) (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (8) Grounding screw (9) G.SHDSL port





Port

1 console port

1 G.SHDSL port


Processor MPC859


1-24


SDRAM 64MB

Flash memory 8MB


Input





Current: 4A



Weight 1kg



III. LEDs



LED Description

LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3






DSL LNK OFF means G.SHDSL is inactive.

ON means G.SHDSL is active.







1-25

IV. Port attributes

AR 18-31 Router provides console port, 10/100M Ethernet port, ISDN S/T port and G.SHDSL port. The following table describes the attributes of G.SHDSL port.

G.SHDSL port

Table 1-26 Attributes of G.SHDSL port


Connector RJ11

Rate In single-pair mode, it transceives packets at symmetric rate

192 kbps~2320 kbps, in steps of 8 kbps.

Interface standard ITU-T G991.2

ITU-T G994.1 handshaking

Services G.SHDSL access over twisted pairs

1.2.9 AR 18-34 Router

I. Appearance

(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (2) ETH LED (LAN2) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (5) SHDSL active LED (DSL ACT) (6) SHDSL link LED (DSL LNK) (7) ISDN B2 active LED (ISDN B2 ACT) (8) ISDN B1 active LED (ISDN B1 ACT) (9) ISDN link LED (ISDN LNK) (10) System LED (SYS) (12) Power LED (PWR)



1-26

(1) Power switch (2) Power input socket (3) Console port (CON) (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (8) Grounding screw (9) ISDN BRI port (10) G.SHDSL port



Table 1-27 System specifications of AR 18-34 Router AR 18-34


Port

1 console port

1 G.SHDSL port 1 ISDN BRI S/T port


Processor MPC859

SDRAM 64MB

Flash memory 8MB


Input





Current: 4A



Weight 1kg




1-27

III. LEDs



LED Description

LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3


















IV. Port attributes

Quidway AR 18-34 Router provides console port, 10/100M Ethernet port, ISDN S/T port and G.SHDSL port.


1-28

1.2.10 AR 18-35 Router

I. Appearance

(1) ETH LED (LAN3) (2) ETH LED (LAN2) (3) ETH LED (LAN1) (4) ETH LED (LAN0) (5) ADSL active LED (DSL ACT) (6) ADSL LINK LED (DSL LINK) (7) ISDN B2 active LED (ISDN B2 ACT) (8) ISDN B1 active LED (ISDN B1 ACT) (9) ISDN link LED (ISDN LNK) (10) System LED (SYS) (11) Power LED (PWR)


(1) Power switch (2) Power input socket (3) Console port (CON) (4) Ethernet port 0 (LAN0) (5) Ethernet port 1 (LAN1) (6) Ethernet port 2 (LAN2) (7) Ethernet port 3 (LAN3) (8) Grounding screw (9) ISDN BRI port (10) ADSL over ISDN port



1-29




Port

1 console port

1 ADSL over ISDN

1 ISDN BRI S/T port


Processor MPC859

SDRAM 64MB

Flash memory 8MB


Input





Current: 4A



Weight 1kg



III. LEDs



LED Description

LAN0/LAN1/LAN2/LAN3





1-30

LED Description















IV. Port attributes

AR 18-35 Router provides console port, 10/100M Ethernet port, ISDN S/T port and ADSL over ISDN port.

Installation Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Chapter 2 Installation Preparation

2-1

Chapter 2 Installation Preparation

2.1 Requirements on Environment

AR 18 series must be used indoors. To ensure the normal operation and prolong their service life, the following requirements for installation site must be met.

2.1.1 Requirements on Temperature/Humidity

Certain requirements on temperature and humidity in the equipment room shall be met. If the relative humidity is too high, the insulation materials in it will deteriorate easily or even lead to electric leakage. Sometimes this will result in change to the mechanical performance of the materials and rusting of the metal components. If the relative humidity is too low, the fastening screw will become loosen due to shrinkage of the isolation spacer. In an environment with dry climate, the static electricity may be produced, putting the CMOS of the router to risk. High temperature is of the greatest risk: for it will significantly degrade the router’s reliability, speed up the aging process of the insulating materials, and shorten the service life of the router. The requirements on the temperature and humidity for AR 18 series are shown in Table 2-1:

Table 2-1 Humidity requirements in the equipment room

Temperature Relative humidity

0oC to 40oC 10% to 90%

2.1.2 Requirements on Cleanness

Dust undermines the normal operation of AR 18 series. Dust dropping on the equipment can cause electrostatic adsorption, which degrades the contact performance of the metal connectors or connection points. This happens more frequently when the indoor relative humidity is low, which will not only shorten the router’s service life, but also cause communication failure.

The recommended specification on dust content and particle diameter in the equipment room is shown in Table 2-2:


2-2

Table 2-2 Specifications on dust content in equipment room

Maxim diameter (µm) Max. intensity (particles/m3)

0.5 1.4 x 107

1 7 x 105

3 2.4 x 105

5 1.3 x 105

The routers also have rigorous demand on the content of salts, acids and sulfides in the air. These harmful gases will speed up the metal rusting and the aging processes of certain parts. The equipment room should be protected from the invasion of harmful gases such as SO2, H2S, NO2, NH3, and Cl2, the value limits of which are shown in Table 2-3:

Table 2-3 Value limits for harmful gas content in equipment room

Gas Average (mg/m3) Max. (mg/m3)

SO2 0.2 1.5

H2S 0 0.03

NO2 0.04 0.15

NH3 0.05 0.15

Cl2 0.01 0.3

2.1.3 Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention

Although many antistatic considerations have been given to AR 18 series, damage to the router’s circuit or even the whole equipment may still happen when the static electricity exceeds the tolerance threshold.

In the communication network to which the routers are connected, static induction mainly comes from:

External electric fields such as outdoor high voltage power line or thunder. Internal environment like flooring materials or the whole equipment structure.

Thus, the following should be considered to safeguard the equipment against the ESD:

Make sure that the equipment and the floor are well grounded. Make sure that dust-proof measures are taken. Maintain an appropriate humidity and temperature.


2-3

Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap and uniform when contacting the circuit board.

Place the uninstalled circuit board on the antistatic workbench, with its face upward, or put it into the static shielding bag.

When observing or removing the uninstalled circuit board, please touch the edge of the circuit board, and avoid contacting the devices on it.

2.1.4 Requirements on Electromagnetic Environment

The interference sources, no matter where they come from, affect the routers with capacitance coupling, inductance coupling, radiation of electromagnetic wave, common impedance (including the grounding system) or conducting line (power line, signal line and transmission line etc.).

So the following should be considered:

Take effective measures to prevent the power system from being interfered with by the power grid system.

Keep the router far away from the radio launcher, radar launcher, and high-frequency devices working in high currents.

Use electromagnetic shielding when necessary.

2.1.5 Requirements on Preventing Lightning

Although many measures have been taken to protect AR 18 series from lightning, if the lightning intensity exceeds a certain range, damage to the router may still happen. To protect the router from lightning better, the following should be considered:

Ensure the PGND wire of the chassis is well grounded. Ensure the ground point of the socket of AC power supply is well grounded. To enhance the lightning protection capability of the power supply, a lightning

arrester could be installed at the input end of the power supply. As for the signal line outdoors to which the interface modules of AR 18 series

routers are connected, such as ISDN line, telephone line, T1 line, etc, a special lightning arrester should be installed at the input end of the signal line to enhance the lightning protection capability.

2.1.6 Requirements on Workbench

There is spacing reserved at the air inlet and outlet in the router so as to facilitate the radiation of the router cabinet.

The workbench have good radiation systems. The workbench are firm enough to support the weight of the router and other

installation accessories. The workbench are well grounded.


2-4

2.2 Precautions

Routers play a key role in data communications network. Please pay attention to the following:

Warning:

It indicates that this operation is incorrect and may seriously damage the router or endanger the operator. Please follow the correct operation procedures for sake of safety.

Caution:

It indicates that during the installation and usage of the router, the operation needs attention. This operation is incorrect and perhaps will affect the normal operation of the router.

Please follow the following safety recommendations during the installation and use of the router:

Keep the router away from any wet place or the heat source. Make sure that the router is normally grounded. Please wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap before installation, and make sure

one end of it well contacts your skin, and the other end is well grounded. Do not hot swap any cable. Correctly connect the interface cable for the router. Do not connect the telephone

cable (including the ISDN cable) to the AUX port or the console port. Always use Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS).

2.3 Installation Tools, Meter and Equipment

I. tools

ESD-preventive wrist strap

II. Cables

Ground wire , power supply and power cord Console cable T1 cable (only used for Qudway AR 18-16 Router) ISDN S/T cable (for Quidway AR 18-13//18-31/18-32/18-34/18-35 Router)


2-5

ISDN U cable (only used for Quidway AR 18-15 Router) 75-ohm E1 cable and 120-ohm E1 cable (only for AR 18-18 Router) Telephone cable(for AR 18-30 series) Synchronous/Asynchronous serial cable (optional) Ethernet cable(optional) AUX cable(optional)

III. equipment and meter

HUB or LANSwitch CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit) or other DCE devices Console terminal (it could just be a PC) Multimeter Spliter

Caution:

The installation tools , equipment and meter are not delivered with Quidway Quidway AR 18 Series Routers.

Installation Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Chapter 3 Installing the Router

3-1

Chapter 3 Installing the Router

3.1 Installation Flow

Start

End

Verify

Install the router to thespecified position

Connect PGND

Connect power cord

Check prior to power-on

Turn on power switch

Normal ? Troubleshooting

Turn off power switch

Connect the router to LAN

Connect the router toWAN

Connect console terminal

Turn on power switch

no

yes

Figure 3-1 Installation procedrues for AR 18-1x


3-2

Connect console terminal

End

no

y es

Connect pow er cord

Connect phone and PBX

Install the ruter to thespecified position

Connect PGND

Normal?

Connect the router to WAN

Connect the router to LAN

Troubleshooting

Start

Figure 3-2 Installation procedrues for AR 18-2x/18-3x

Note:

AR 18-2x/18-3x routers have no power switch, so their installation procedures are different from those for AR18-1x routers.

3.2 Installing the Router

There are two ways to install Quidway AR 18 Series Routers:

Placing the router on the workbench. Mounting the router on a vertical surface.

3.2.1 Placing the Router on a Workbench

In this case, simply put the router on a clean and flat workbench. Please pay attention to the following items:

Make sure that the workbench is flat and stable. Leave 10cm space around the router for adequate ventilation.


3-3

Quidway AR 18 Series Routers cannot piled up.

3.2.2 Mounting the Router on a Vertical Surface

Mount the router on a vertical surface with pan-head screws and brackets at the bottom of the router.

Caution:

Securely anchor these two mounting screws in the vertical surface. If the screws are not properly anchored, the strain of the network cable connections could pull the router from the wall.

Install the router in such a position that the LEDs are easily visible. Securely fix the external power supply of the router in case that the power cord falls down from the

router.

Follow these steps to mount the router on a wall or other vertical surface:

Step 1: Install the two (for AR 18-1x) or four (for AR 18-2x/18-3x) pan-head screws 120.0mm (the distance between the two brackets) apart on a wall or other flat vertical surface, and ensure that each screw sticks out 0.6 cm on the wall.

120.

0mm

Mounting-bracket

Mounting-bracket

Figure 3-3 Bottom of AR 18-1x


3-4

Figure 3-4 Bottom of AR 18-2x/18-30

Hang the router on the screws by the two brackets (AR 18-1x as example).

pan-head screw

Figure 3-5 Mounting the router on a wall (AR 18-1x)

3.3 Connecting the Ground Wire

Caution:

Properly connect the ground wire before connecting other cables. It is recommended to shorten the ground wire as much as possible to prevent the router and the peer device from getting damaged during periods of lightning activity.

The AC input end of the router is connected to an AC noise filter whose neutral point is connected to the chassis directly, that is PGND (protection ground, the so-called chassis ground). PGND must be connected to the earth ground properly, so as to safely channel the faradic current and leakage power to the ground and improve the


3-5

capability of anti-electromagnetic interference of the router. The lightning voltage led in by the exterior network, such as an ISDN, is also channeled to ground by the ground wire.

The grounding screw of PGND is located on the rear panel. Connect this screw to the earth ground using a ground wire. The grounding resistance should not be greater than 5 ohm.

3.4 Connecting the Power Cord

I. AC power supply

External AC power supplies are provided for Quidway AR 18 Series Routers , which have the following specifications:

Rated input voltage: 100-240V a.c., 50/60Hz

Maximum input voltage: 90-264V a.c., 50/60Hz

Input current: 0.5~1A

Output voltage: 12V d.c.

Output current: 4A

The following figure illustrates the power supply:

Figure 3-6 Power supply

II. Recommended power outlet

It is recommended to use a monophase 3-core power outlet with neutral point. The neutral point of the outlet should be grounded reliably. Normally, the neutral point of the power supply system in a building was buried in the ground during the construction and cabling. The user must make sure that the power supply for the building has been well grounded before connecting the AC power cord.


3-6

III. Connecting AC power cord

1) For AR 18-1x routers

Step 1: Put the power switch of the router in OFF position.

Step 2: Connect the output of the power supply to the power input on the rear panel of the router, and insert the input connector of the power supply into an AC power outlet.

Step 3: Put the power switch of the router in ON position.

Step 4: Check that the PWR LED on the top of the router is on. ON means the power cord is correctly connected.

2) For AR 18-2x/18-2x routers

Step 1: Connect the output of the power supply to the power input on the rear panel of the router, and insert the input connector of the power supply into an AC power outlet.

Step 2: Check that the PWR LED on the top of the router is on. ON means the power cord is correctly connected.

Caution:

If the POWER LED is still off after the above procedure is repeated for several times, refer to “Chapter 6 Troubleshooting” in this manual.

3.5 Connecting the Router to Console Terminal

I. Introduction to console port

Quidway AR 18 Series Routers provide RS232 asynchronous serial console (CON) ports, through which configuration of the router can be performed. For the attributes of console port, refer to Chapter 1 Router Overview of this manual.

II. Console cable

Console cable is an 8-core shielded cable. One end of the cable is an RJ45 connector for CON of the router, and the other end is a DB9 (female) connector and a DB25 (female) connector. The user can plug either of them into the serial interface of the console terminal as needed.

Console cable is shown in the following figure:


3-7

Figure 3-7 Console cable assembly

III. Connecting the console cable

When configuring the router through the console terminal, follow these steps to connect the console cable:

Step 1: Select a console terminal.

The console terminal can be either a standard ASCII terminal with an RS-232 serial interface, or a PC, the latter being more widely used.

Step 2: Connect the cable.

Power off the router and the console terminal, and then connect the RS-232 serial interface to the console port of the router via the console cable.

Verify the connection and power on the router and the console terminal. Normally, the startup information of the router will be displayed on the console terminal. For more details, refer to “Section 4.1.3 Startup Process” in this manual.

3.6 Connecting the Router to the LAN

I. Introduction to the Ethernet interface

Quidway AR 18 series routers all provide 10/100BASE-TX FE ports for connection of subscriber LANs, but their port attributes differ in some aspects. See Chapter 1 Routers Overview.

II. Ethernet cable

100BaseT Ethernet interface is usually connected to an Ethernet via category-5 twisted pair, as shown in the following figure:


3-8

Figure 3-8 Ethernet cable assembly

The Ethernet cables are classified into straight-through cable and crossover cable.

Straight-through cable: The sequences of the wires crimped at the RJ45 connectors of the two ends are the same. The cable is used in the connection between a terminal device (e.g., PC) or router and a Hub or LAN Switch. Straight-through cables are delivered along with the router.

Crossover network cable: The sequences of the wires crimped at the RJ45 connectors of the two ends are different. The cable is used in the connection between a terminal device (e.g., PC) or router and another terminal device (such as a PC) or router. The user can self-make the cable if necessary.

Caution:

When preparing network cable, use shielded cables to ensure the electromagnetic compatibility.

III. Connecting the Ethernet cable

Caution:

Please identify the mark on the port before making the connection. For AR 18-1x routers, you can only connect the LAN Switch to the 10/100Base-T port labeled as

MDIX, but there is no such restriction to AR 18-2x/18-3x routers, which support MDI/MDIX auto-sensing.

Follow these steps to connect the Ethernet cable:

For AR 18-1x routers

Use crossover cable to connect the router to a PC or another router, with one end to the Ethernet port of the router and the other end to the PC or another router. But use


3-9

straight-through cable to connect the router to a HUB or LAN Switch, with one end to the Ethernet port of the router and the other end to the HUB or LAN Switch.

For AR 18-2x/18-3x routers

There is no such restriction to AR 18-2x/18-3x routers.

3.7 Connecting the Router to WAN

Quidway AR 18 Series Routers provide several types of WAN ports, including AUX port, multi-protocol synchronous/asynchronous serial port (AR 18-12/18-13/18-15), ISDN S/T port (AR 18-13/18-31/18-32/18-34) and ISDN U port (only AR 18-15), CT1/PRI port (only AR 18-16), E1 port (only AR 18-18), 10M Ethernet port (only AR 18-20), ADSL port (AR 18-30/18-31/18-32) and G.SHDSL port (AR 18-33/18-34).

3.7.1 Connecting the AUX Port

I. Introduction to the AUX port

As an RS232-compliant synchronous/asynchronous serial interface, the auxiliary (AUX) port can be used as a secondary WAN port for dial-up. In the event that the console port fails, the AUX port can serve as a console port. Refer to Chapter 1 Router Overview of this manual for the attributes of the AUX port.

II. AUX cable

AUX cable is an 8-core shielded cable. One end of the cable is an RJ45 connector for connecting the console port of the router. The other end is a DB9 (male) connector and a DB25 (male) connector, whichever can be used to connect the serial interface of a Modem, depending on the type of the port.

Figure 3-9 AUX cable assembly


3-10

III. Connecting the AUX cable

Follow these steps to connect the AUX cable:

Step 1: Plug the RJ45 connector into the AUX port of the router.

Step 2: Plug the DB25 or DB9 connector to the serial interface of the analog Modem.

In general, the AUX port is used for remote configuration or dial-up backup. In order to get connected to the remote device, the user should first connect the local Modem to the remote Modem through PSTN..

3.7.2 Connecting the Multiprotocol Synchronous/Asynchronous Serial Interface

I. Introduction to the multiprotocol synchronous/asynchronous serial interface

Synchronous/Asynchronous serial interface is usually used for the connection with a WAN device, like a Modem or CSU/DSU (Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit). Depending on the actual situation, it can work in synchronous/asynchronous mode or DTE/DCE mode. Refer to Chapter 1 Router Overview for its attributes.

1) Synchronous/Asynchronous mode

The signaling standards supporting the synchronous and asynchronous modes are different. V.35 and V.24 (RS232), X.21, RS449 and EIA-530 standards support synchronous operating mode, while only V.24 (RS232) standard supports the asynchronous operating mode. In addition, the maximum transmission distance and baud rate of signal vary with the operating mode. See the following table for reference.

Table 3-1 Transmission rate and distance of V.24 (RS232)/V.35/X.21/RS449/EIA-530 cable

V.24(RS232) V.35, X.21, RS449, EIA-530

Baud rate (bps) Maximum

transmission distance (m)



2400 60 2400 1250

4800 60 4800 625

9600 30 9600 312

19200 30 19200 156

38400 20 38400 78

64000 20 56000 60

115200 10 64000 50


3-11

V.24(RS232) V.35, X.21, RS449, EIA-530





- - 2048000 30

Caution:

The baud rate should not exceed 64 kbps when the V.24 cable operates in synchronous mode.

2) DTE/DCE

Synchronous serial interface can operate in both DTE mode and DCE mode. For two devices connected directly, one should operate as DTE, and the other as DCE. The DCE provides a synchronous clock and specifies the transmission rate, the DTE accepts the synchronous clock and communicates at the specified transmission rate. Usually, the router serves as a DTE device. To determine whether the device connected to the router is DTE or DCE, see the manual that came with that device.

Generally, the asynchronous serial interface is used as a dial-up port when connected to an external Modem or Terminal Adapter (TA). In this case, it is unnecessary to determine whether the device is DTE or DCE, and you just need to choose an appropriate baud rate.

For the operating mode of the synchronous/asynchronous serial interface, refer to VRP Operation Manual Volume I.

II. Synchronous/Asynchronous serial cable

The synchronous/asynchronous serial interface on the router is a DB50 receptacle. Proper connection cable needs to be selected for the applied protocol. By far, 9 types of synchronous/asynchronous serial cables are available. One end of all the 9 types of cables is DB50 connector, but the other end (network end) varies with cable type:

V.24 (RS232) DTE cable: DB25 (male) connector V.24 (RS232) DCE cable: DB25 (female) connector V.35 DTE cable: 34PIN (male) connector V.35 DCE cable: 34PIN (female) connector X.21 DTE cable: DB15 (male) connector X.21 DCE cable: DB15 (female) connector RS449 DTE cable: DB37 (male) connector RS449 DCE cable: DB37 (female) connector


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RS530 DTE cable: DB25 (male) connector

The following figures show these cables:

V.24 (RS232) DTE cable assembly

Figure 3-10 V.24 (RS232) DTE cable assembly

V.24 (RS232) DCE cable assembly

Figure 3-11 V.24 (RS232) DCE cable assembly

V.35 DTE cable assembly

Figure 3-12 V.35 DTE cable assembly

V.35 DCE cable assembly


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Figure 3-13 V.35 DCE cable assembly

X.21 DTE cable assembly

Figure 3-14 X.21 DTE cable assembly

X.21 DCE cable assembly

Figure 3-15 X.21 DCE cable assembly

RS449 DTE cable assembly

Figure 3-16 RS449 DTE cable assembly


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RS449 DCE cable assembly

Figure 3-17 RS449 DCE cable assembly

EIA-530 DTE cable assembly

Figure 3-18 EIA-530 DTE cable assembly

Caution:

These nine types of cables will not be provided along with the purchased the router. You should order these cables separately.

III. Connecting synchronous/asynchronous serial cable

Caution:

Online insertion and removal (OIR) of synchronous/asynchronous serial cable would damage the router or the remote device.

Follow these steps to connect synchronous/asynchronous serial cable:


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Step 1: Confirm that the synchronous/asynchronous serial cable which came with your router is the proper one.

Step 2: Insert the DB50 connector of the cable into the SERIAL interface of the router.

Step 3: Connect the other end to the CSU/DSU device. (If the WAN adopts dial-up line, connect the cable to the serial interface of the analog Modem. For the connection procedure, refer to”Section 3.7.1 Connecting the AUX Port”.

3.7.3 Connecting the CT1/PRI Port

I. CT1/PRI port

Quidway AR 18-16 Router provides a CT1/PRI port with the following main functions:

Provides CT1 (channelized T1) access. Implements ISDN PRI function.

Refer to Chapter 1 Router Overview for the interface attributes.

II. T1 cable

CT1/PRI cable is a 100 ohm shielded straight-through cable and both ends of which are RJ45 connectors, as shown in the following figure:

Figure 3-19 T1 cable

III. Connnecting T1 cable

Caution:

Identify the mark on the port when making connection. Misplug may cause router damages.

Follow these steps to connect the cable:


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Step 1: Insert one end of the T1 cable into the CT1/PRI port of the router.

Step 2: Connect the other end with the corresponding device.

Step 3: Power on the router and check that T1-LINK LED on the top of the router chassis is ON. If it is OFF, check the connection cable.

3.7.4 Connecting the E1 Port

I. E1 port

Quidway AR 18-18 provides an E1 port.

For its interface attributes, refer to Chapter 1 Router Overview.

II. E1 cable

E1 cables are G.703-compliant cables, which are also known as E1 cables. E1 cables fall into 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cables and 120-ohm balanced twisted-pairs.

75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable

At one end of the cable is a DB15 (male) connector (plug) to the router and at the other end is a BNC connector to the network, as shown in the following figure.

Figure 3-20 E1 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable

120-ohm balanced twisted-pair

At one end of the cable is a DB15 plug to the router and at the other end is an RJ-45 connector to the network, as shown in the following figure.

Figure 3-21 E1 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair


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Note:

E1 cable is optional, so you must order the desired type of E1 cable when purchasing your router, otherwise, it will not be provided. In addition, you may select a network connector with an RJ-45 receptacle at each end for connecting two 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair cables for extending an E1 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair cable, or a pair of coaxial connectors with a BNC receptacle at each end for connecting two 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cables with BNC connectors for extending an E1 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable. 75-to-120-ohm adapter is also available.

III. Connecting E1 cable

Step 1: Put the impedance toggling button on the rear panel of AR 18-18 in the right position and make sure that you are using the right type of E1 cable.

Table 3-2 Setting the E1 port impedance toggling button and selecting the cable

Set the button Description Cable Press down The impedance of E1 port is 75-ohm. 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cableRelease The impedance of E1 port is 120-ohm. 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair

Step 2: Plug the DB15 connector of E1 cable into the E1 port on the module.

Step 3: Connect the other end of E1 cable to the network device.

When using a 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable, please do the following:

If there is no need to extend the E1 cable, directly connect the BNC connector of the 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable to the remote device.

If it is necessary to extend the E1 cable, connect the BNC connector of the 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable to a coaxial connector, then connect the other end of the coaxial connector to the remote device via a 75-ohm E1 trunk cable.

Caution:

The TX wire of the E1 coaxial cable must be connected to the RX wire of the remote device, and the RX wire of the E1 coaxial cable to the TX wire of the remote device.


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RouterNetwork devices such as DDN

DB -15

Coaxial connector

BNC BNC

75- ohm unbalanced coax ial cable

75-ohm E1 trunk cable

RouterNetwork devices such as DDN

DB -15

Coaxial connector

BNC BNC

75- ohm unbalanced coax ial cable


Figure 3-22 Extending an E1 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial cable

If the remote network device has a 120-ohm port, you should use 75-to-120-ohm adapter or use a 120-ohm cable instead. When using a 120-ohm balanced twisted pair cable, please do the following:

If there is no need to extend the E1 cable, directly connect the RJ-45 connector of the 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair cable to the RJ-45 port on the remote device.

If it is necessary to extend the E1 cable, connect the RJ-45 connector of the 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair cable to the network interface connector, and the other end of the network interface connector to the network device via a 120-ohm E1 trunk cable.

Router

Network devices suchas DDN

DB-15

Network interface connector

RJ-45 RJ-45

120-ohm balanced twisted pair


Figure 3-23 Extending an E1 120-ohm balanced twisted-pair cable

Step 4: Power on the Router, and check the E1-LINK LED on the top of the router chassis. An ON LED means that the link has connected and is ready for working. Otherwise, check the cable connection.


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3.7.5 Connecting the ISDN Port

I. ISDN port

Quidway AR 18-13/18-31/18-32/18-34/18-35 Router provides an ISDN S/T port, while Quidway AR 18-15 Router provides an ISDN U port. Data transfer is performed in 2B+D mode and support both ISDN dial-up and leased line. Refer to Chapter 1 Router Overview of the manual for the interface attributes.

II. ISDN cable

ISDN S/T cable for Quidway AR 18-13/18-31/18-32/18-34 Router is 4-core twisted pair. Both ends of the cable are RJ45 connectors, of which, 3-pin and 6-pin are sending end, and 4-pin and 5-pin are receiving end.

green yellow

red black

yellow green

black red

Figure 3-24 ISDN S/T port cable

ISDN U cable for Quidway AR 18-15 Router is 2-core twisted pair, one side of which is RJ11 connectors, another is an output terminal (OT) connector.

green yellow

red black

yellow green

black red

Figure 3-25 ISDN U port cable

III. Connecting ISDN cable

Follow these steps to connect the ISDN BRI port:

Step 1: Identify the router model.

Step 2: Confirm the type of ISDN line provided by the telecommunications service provider.

Step 3: Connect the cable.

For Quidway AR 18-13/18-31/18-32/18-34/18-35 Router:

Use NT1 adapter if the line is ISDN U. Insert one end of the S/T cable into the S/T port of NT1, and the other end into the ISDN BRI port of the router.


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Directly insert the cable into the ISDN BRI port of the router if the line is ISDN S/T.

For Quidway AR 18-15 Router:

If the line is ISDN S/T, replace your router with a Quidway AR 18-13 Router. If the line is ISDN U interface cable, connect the RJ45 end of it to the ISDN BRI

interface of the router, and connect the output terminal (OT) to the ISDN line via a telephone adapter.

Caution:

Identify the ISDN BRI mark on the port when making connection. Misplug may cause router damages.

3.7.6 Connecting the Ethernet Port

The 10M Ethernet port connects with WAN and supports MDI/MDIX auto-sensing. Refer to 3.6 Connecting the Router to the LAN for its connection.

3.7.7 Connecting the ADSL Port

I. ADSL port

ADSL port achieves signal handshaking, rate and protocol negotiation with the DSLAM devices at the office. For its attitudes, see Chapter 1 Routers Overview.

II. Connecting ADSL cable

The general twisted pair is used to connect ADLS port. Follow these steps to connect ADSL port.

For ADSL over POTS port:

In G. Lite mode, no splitter is required. You can directly connect one end of the telephone cable to the Router and the other end to the PSTN, and simply connect the phone-set and the Router in parallel at the cable distribution box.

In full rate mode, a POTS splitter is required. Follow these steps to connect the cables:

Step 1: Plug one end of a telephone cable into the ADSL port on the Router, and the other end into the inbound ADSL port on the splitter.


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Step 2: Connect the telephone to the phone port on the splitter with another telephone cable.

Step 3: Connect the outbound ADSL port on the splitter to the PSTN with a third telephone cable.

Figure 3-26 Connect ADSL over POTS port

For ADSL over ISDN port:

When connecting ADSL over ISDN interface cables, you also need to install a splitter. Follow these steps to connect the cables:

Step 1: Insert one end of a telephone cable into the ADSL port on the Router, and the other end into the inbound ADSL port on the splitter;

Step 2: Connect the ISDN NT1 to the splitter using another telephone cable;

Step 3: Connect the outbound ADSL port on the splitter to the ISTN network using a third telephone cable.

Figure 3-27 Connecting ADSL over ISDN port


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3.7.8 Connecting the G.SHDSL Port

I. G.SHDSL port

G.SHDSL port achieves signal handshaking, rate and protocol negotiation with the DSLAM devices at the office. For its attributes, see Chapter 1 Routers Overview.

II. Connecting G.SHDSL cable

The general twisted pair is used to connect ADLS port. Connect one end of the twisted pair to G.SHDSL port and the other end to the DSLAM device through the G.SHDSL (over PSTN) cable provided in advance by the telecom carrier.

3.8 Verifying Installation

When installing the router, you must perform the following operations to verify installation before powering it on:

Check that enough room has been left around the router for adequate ventilation and make sure that the workbench is stable.

Confirm that proper power supply is used. Check that the ground wire of the router is correctly connected. Check that the router is correctly connected to the console terminal or any other

devices.

Caution:

Installation verification is extremely important, because correct operation of the router highly depends on its stability, well grounding, proper power supply and correct implementation of the overall installation procedure.

Installation Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Chapter 4 Booting and Configuring the Router

4-1

Chapter 4 Booting and Configuring the Router

4.1 Booting the Router

4.1.1 Setting up Configuration Environment

I. Connecting the router to a console terminal

To set up a local configuration environment, simply connect the RJ45 connector of the console cable to the console port on the router, and DB25 or DB9 connector to the serial interface of a PC, as shown in Figure 4-1.

Console port

RS232 serial interface

Console cable

PC

DC12V100M ETHCON AUX

Quidway AR 18-12

Figure 4-1 Local configuration through CON port

II. Setting the parameters of console terminal

Step 1: Start the console terminal and set up a new connection

If the configuration is performed through a PC, the terminal emulation program (such as Terminal of Windows3.1 and HyperTerminal of Windows95/98/NT) should be run on the PC for setting up a new connection. As shown in Figure 4-2, enter a name for the new connection and press <OK> button.


4-2

Figure 4-2 New connection

Step 2: Set the terminal parameters

Parameters of the HyperTerminal of Windows98 are set as follows:

1) Select a connection port

Select the serial interface to be connected in the Connect Using box, as shown in Figure 4-3. The selected serial interface should be the same port as that the console cable connects.

Figure 4-3 Setting the connection port in the local configuration


4-3

2) Set the serial interface parameters. As shown in Figure 4-4, in the properties dialog box of the serial interface, set the baud rate to 9600, data bit to 8, parity to none, stop bits to 1 and flow control to none, and click the <OK> button to return to the HyperTerminal interface.

Figure 4-4 Setting serial interface parameters

3) Set HyperTerminal properties. Select [Properties/Settings] in the HyperTerminal for entering the properties setting interface shown in Figure 4-5. Select [VT1100] or [Auto detect] for emulation, and press <OK> to return to the HyperTerminal interface.


4-4

Figure 4-5 Setting terminal type

4.1.2 Powering on the Router

I. Checking before power-on

Check before powering on the router to ensure that:

Power cord and ground wire are correctly connected. Proper power supply voltage is used. Console cable is correctly connected, and configuration PC or console terminal

has been started and the parameters involved have been set for it.

Warning:

Locate the emergency power-off switch in the room where you are working before powering on the router. Then, if an electrical accident occurs, you can quickly shut the power OFF.

II. Powering on the router

Turn on the power switch of the router.


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III. Checking/Operating after power-on

After the router is powered on, perform check to ensure that:

1) LEDs on the cover are displaying correctly.

Refer to “Section 1.2 Hardware Features” for the descriptions of LEDs states when the router is running.

2) The console terminal display is correct.

In the console terminal, you can see the startup interface on the console terminal after the router is powered on (please see “Section 4.1.3 Startup Process” in this manual).

After the Power-On Self-Test (POST), you are prompted to press <Enter>. When “[Router]” is displayed, you can proceed to configure the router.

4.1.3 Startup Process

I. For AR 18-1x routers

After the startup of the router, Boot ROM program will first be run and the following system information will be displayed on the terminal screen:

Note:

The contents displayed on the terminal could vary with different versions of Boot ROM.

Router starts booting ... (V0.00)

******************************************

* *

* Quidway Series Router Bootrom, V5.26 *

* *

******************************************

Copyright(C) 2002-2003 by HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD.

Compiled at 16:14:22, Aug 8 2003..

Now testing memory...OK

64M bytes SDRAM

8192K bytes flash memory

Hardware Version is MTR 0.1


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CPLD Version is CPLD 1.0

Bootrom Version is V5.26

Press Ctrl-B to enter Boot Menu

Press <Ctrl+B> at this time and the system will enter the Boot menu. Otherwise, the system will enter the program decompression process.

Note:

After “Quidway Series Router Bootrom, V5.21” appears, “Router starts booting ... (V0.00)” will disappear immediately.

To enter the Boot menu, you must press <Ctrl+B> quickly after the statement “Press Ctrl-B to Enter Boot Menu…” appears.

If boot from Flash, before "Quidway Series Router Bootrom, V1.00" appears "System start booting from FLASH."

After the system is initialized, the following information is prompted:

Press ENTER key to get started when you see ATS0=1.

System is starting...ATS0=1

If no registration authentication is set, press <Enter> and this information is prompted:

[Router]

It means the system enters the system view and is ready for your configuration.

II. For AR 18-2x/18-3x routers

Router starts booting... (V2.00)

Starting at 0x1500000...

********************************************

* *

* Quidway Series Routers Boot ROM, V9.00 *

* *

********************************************

Copyright(C) 1997-2003 by HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD.

Compiled at 17:11:06 , Aug 19 2003.

Testing memory...OK!

64M bytes SDRAM

8192k bytes flash memory

Hardware Version is MTR 2.0


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CPLD Version is CPLD 1.0

Press Ctrl-B to enter Boot Menu

System is self-decompressing................................

....................OK!

System is starting...

Starting at 0x10000...

If no registration authentication is set, press <Enter> and this information is prompted:

<Router>

It means the system enters the user view and is ready for your configuration.

4.2 Configuration Fundamentals of the Router

4.2.1 Basic Configuration Steps

In general, the configuration steps are as follows:

Step 1: Before configuring a router, you should make the networking requirements clear and specific, including networking purpose, the role of the router in the network, division of subnets, WAN type and transmission medium, network security policy and reliability.

Step 2: Draw a clear and integrated networking diagram.

Step 3: Configure the WAN interface of the router. First, according to the transmission medium of the WAN, configure the physical operating parameters (e.g., the operating mode of the serial interface, baud rate and synchronous clock) of the interface. For a dial-up port, you need to configure the DCC parameters. Then, configure the link layer protocol encapsulated on the interface and the related operating parameters according to the WAN type.

Step 4: Configure the IP addresses or IPX network numbers of all the interfaces on the router on the basis of subnet division.

Step 5: Configure the routes. If it is necessary to start the dynamic routing protocol, you should also configure the related operating parameters for the protocol.

Step 6: If security is required, perform the security configuration for the router.

Step 7: If reliability is required, perform the reliability configuration for the router.

Please see VRP1.7 Operation Manual or VRP3 Operation Manual for detailed introduction to the protocol and function configurations of the router.


4-8

4.2.2 Command Line Interface

I. Characteristics of the command line interface

The command line interface of Quidway Series Routers has a number of configuration commands, which can be used to configure and manage the routers. The command line interface has the following characteristics:

Performing local configuration through CON port. Performing local or remote configuration through the telnet command, which can

be used to directly log on and manage other routers. Implementing configuration on the router through the dumb terminal (here, the

terminal refers to the asynchronous port, including the terminal connected to AUX port).

Configuring the hierarchical user protection (includes guest, operator, administrator). Only administrator users are authorized to configure and manage the routers, so that unauthorized users would not be able to intrude the router illegally.

Users can enter <?> at any time to get online help. Providing network diagnostic tools, such as Tracert and Ping, to quickly diagnose

the accessibility of the network. Providing all kinds of detailed debugging information to diagnose network faults. The command line interpreter adopts fuzzy search for the keywords of the

command. Thus, you only need to enter the conflict-free keyword for the interpretation of a command. For example, for the interpretation of a display command, you can just input ”dis”.

II. Command line interface

The command line interface of Quidway Series Routers provides plenty of configuration commands. Hierarchical user protection is adopted to prevent unauthorized users from intruding.

In the system view, to facilitate the router management, all the commands are grouped. Each group associates with a view. Users can use these commands to switch between different configuration views. Normally, only certain commands can be executed under a certain configuration mode. But some commands in common use (such as ping, display current-configuration, and interface) can be executed in all views.

Installation Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Chapter 5 Maintaining the Router

5-1

Chapter 5 Maintaining the Router

5.1 Maintaining the Router Software

The files managed by the router are of 3 types:

Boot ROM file Application file (main software) Configuration file

The router software maintenance mainly refers to the maintenance of those three types of files, including upgrade and download of Boot ROM and application files, as well as upload and download of configuration file. For the methods of maintaining the software, see VRP1.7 Operation Manual Volume or VRP3 Operation Manual for reference.

5.1.1 Boot Menu

This section introduces the Boot menu, which is used during the software maintenance of a router.

Set up configuration environment in accordance with Figure 4.1 Local configuration through CON port, and then start the router. When the configuration terminal prompts the information “Press Ctrl-B to enter Boot Menu”, press <Ctrl+B>. Then the system prompts the information:

Please input Boot ROM password :

Caution:

Press <Ctrl+B> quickly as the prompt “Press Ctrl-B to Enter Boot Menu...” appears and enter the Boot menu. Otherwise, the program decompression process will begin.

To enter the Boot menu after the router starts the program decompression process, reboot the router.

Enter the correct password, then press <Enter> (if no Boot ROM password has been set, just press <Enter>), and the system will enter the Boot menu. The following information will be displayed:


5-2

I. Boot menu on AR 18-1x (V5.26 as example)

Boot Menu:

1: Download application program with XMODEM

2: Download application program with NET

3: Clear configuration

4: Start up and ignore configuration

5: Boot Rom Operation Menu

6: Do not check the version of the software

7: Exit and reboot

Enter your choice(1-7):

Options of Boot menu are described as follows:

1) Download application program with Xmodem. Refer to 5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM through XModem Protocol for details.

2) Download application program with Ethernet. Only TFTP mode is available in A8 18-1x routers. Refer to 5.1.4 Upgrading Application Program with Ethernet for details.

3) Clear the configuration file. 4) Ignore configuration file and start up with initial configuration. 5) Enter Boot ROM operation menu.

Options of Boot ROM operation menu include:

Boot ROM Download Menu:

1: Download Boot ROM with XModem

2: Download Extended Segment of Boot ROM with XModem

3: Restore Extended Segment of Boot ROM from FLASH

4: Backup Extended Segment of Boot ROM to FLASH

5: Exit to Main Menu


This menu provides options to upgrade, back up or restore Boot ROM program. See 5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM through XModem Protocol and 5.1.3 Backing up and Restoring the Extended Segment of Boot ROM Program for details.

6) Do not check version of Boot ROM extension. It is used for backward compatibility in upgrading. If correct software version is selected, but upgrade fails and the system prompts the information “invalid version”, then you can choose this option to cancel version check. This option functions for only one time and version check is restored after the router is rebooted.

7) Exit Boot menu and reboot the router.

II. Boot menu on AR 18-2x/18-3x (V9.00 as example)

Boot Menu:


5-3

1: Download application program with XMODEM

2: Download application program with NET


4: Clear application password


6: Enter debugging environment



9: Exit and reboot


In this menu, only options 2, 4 and 6 are different, so only they are detailed here. For the rest options, refer to Boot menu on AR 18-1x (Boot ROM V5.26).

1) Download application program with Ethernet.

This option leads you into NET port download menu, which includes these options:

Net Port Download Menu:

1: Change Net Parameter

2: Download From Net

3: Exit to Main Menu

Enter your choice(1-3):1

They are described as follows:

1: Change NET parameter

The following information is prompted for this option:

Change Boot Parameter:

'.' = clear field; '-' = go to previous field; ^D = quit

boot device : fei0

processor number : 0

host name : 8040

file name : M8240ram.arj

inet on ethernet (e) : 169.254.10.10

inet on backplane (b):

host inet (h) : 169.254.10.11

gateway inet (g) :

user (u) : 8040

ftp password (pw) (blank = use rsh):

flags (f) : 0x0

target name (tn) :

startup script (s) :

other (o) :


5-4

Note:

The information after colon is just for prompt, so you can enter the parameters you select directly behind it.

Both TFTP and FTP are available for AR 18-2x/18-3x. See 5.1.4 Upgrading Application Program with Ethernet for details.

2: Download from NET.

Select this option to begin downloading after parameters are set properly.

3: Exit to Main Menu.

2) Clear application password

This option clears super user password. This option functions for only one time and password authentication for super users is restored after the router is rebooted.

3) Enter debugging environment in case of faults.

Boot menu provides two methods for upgrading the program and the Boot ROM sub-menu operations, which are introduced in the following subsections.

Caution:

It is recommended to upgrade the software under the guidance of the technical support personnel. In addition, when upgrading the router, note to match the version of the Boot ROM software with that of the main software.

5.1.2 Upgrading Application Program and Boot ROM through XModem Protocol

When upgrading the software through the XModem protocol, you can simply use the console port rather than building up another configuration environment.

I. Upgrading application program

Step 1: Enter the Boot menu (refer to the 5.1.1 Boot Menu), press <1> to select the XModem protocol for downloading the application program. The following download speeds are available for the router:

Downloading application program from serial ...


5-5

Please choose your download speed:

1: 9600 bps

2: 19200 bps

3: 38400 bps

4: 57600 bps

5: 115200 bps

6: Exit and reboot


Step 2: Select an appropriate download speed. For example, enter <5> to select the download speed 115200 bps and the router will prompt:

Download speed is 115200 bps. Change the terminal's speed to 115200 bps,

and select XModem protocol. Press ENTER key when ready.

Step 3: According to the above information, change the baud rate set at the console terminal (refer to Figure 4-6) for keeping it in consistency with the selected software download baud rate. After that, disconnect the terminal (that is [Dial-in/Disconnect]), reconnect it (that is [Dial-in/Dialing]) and then press <Enter> to begin downloading. The system will prompt:

Downloading ... CCCCC

Note:

After the baud rate at the console terminal is set, the new setting can become valid only if the terminal emulation program is disconnected and reconnected for at least once.

Step 4: Select [Transmit/send file] in the terminal window and the following dialog box will pop up:

Figure 5-1 Send File dialog box


5-6

Step 5: Click <Browse>, select the application file to be downloaded, and set the protocol to Xmodem. Then click <Send>, and the system will pop up the following interface:

Figure 5-2 Sending file interface

Step 6: After completing download, the system begins writing to Flash (Flash memory), then the following information will be displayed in the terminal interface, indicating that the download has been completed:

Download completed.

Writing to flash memory...

Please wait,it needs a long time .Please wait...

########################################################

Writing FLASH Success.

Please use 9600 bps.Press <ENTER> key to reboot the system.

Then restore the baudrate of the configuration terminal to 9600bps as per the prompt (disconnection and re-dialing are also required here), and then the system start up normally.

II. Upgrading the entire Boot ROM program

Step 1: Enter Boot menu (see 5.1.1 Boot Menu), select <5> (for AR 18-1x) or <7> (for AR 18-2x/18-3x) to turn to Boot ROM operation menu.

Step 2: Select <1> in the Boot ROM operation sub-menu to download the Boot ROM program with XModem. The Router provides you with several speeds. The subsequent operation steps are the same as those described in “I. Upgrading the application program” contained in “Section 5.1.2 Upgrading Software through XModem Protocol”.


5-7

Caution:

If the all Boot ROM program fails during upgrade, it cannot be restored on site. Therefore, only when necessary can you upgrade the whole Boot ROM, besides, you must upgrade under the guide of technical support personnel.

III. Upgrading the extended segment of Boot ROM program


Step 2: Select <2> in the operation sub-menu to upgrade the extended segment of Boot ROM program with XModem. The Router provides you with several speeds. The subsequent operation steps are the same as those described in “I. Upgrading the application program” contained in “Section 5.1.2 Upgrading Software through XModem Protocol”.

5.1.3 Backing up and Restoring the Extended Segment of Boot ROM Program

I. Backup the extended segment of Boot ROM Program in FLASH


Step 2: Select <4> in the operation sub-menu to copy the current extended segment of Boot ROM program into the FLASH, and then the following information will be displayed in the terminal interface if the restoring operation is successful.

Writing to FLASH.Please wait...####

Backuping Boot ROM program to FLASH successed!

Step 3: When the sub-menu appears again, select <5> to exit the Boot menu and proceed to execute the router’s main software.

II. Restore the extended segment of Boot ROM program from FLASH

In case that faults occur to the extended segment of the Boot ROM program that is in use or you upgrade the extended segment wrongly, you can restore the extended segment saved in FLASH into the Boot ROM by doing the following:



5-8

Step 2: Select <3> in the operation sub-menu to restore Boot ROM from FLASH, and then the following information will be displayed if the restoring operation is successful.

Writing to Boot ROM.Please wait...######

Restoring Boot ROM program successed!

Step 3: When the sub-menu appears again, select <5> to exit the Boot menu and proceed to execute the router’s main software.

5.1.4 Upgrading Application Program with Ethernet

It refers to downloading application program through Ethernet port. The router serves as client, so it needs to be connected to TFTP Server or FTP Server through its fixed Ethernet port. The following are the details.

Caution:

TFTP Server or FTP Server program is not included in Quidway AR 18 routers, so you have to buy and install it.

I. For AR 18-1x

AR 18-1x routers only support TFTP client, so their application program can only be upgraded through TFTP. The following are the details:

1) Start TFTP Server

Start TFTP server at the PC connecting the Ethernet port of the router and configure path for the files to be loaded.

2) Configure the router

Step 1: Enter TFTP configuration state.

Start up the router and press <N> when the system prompts “Router starts booting ... (V0.00)”, and this information is prompted on the terminal:

(M)odify any of router configuration or (C)ontinue? [M]

Enter <M>, the default value, to modify router configuration or enter <C> to turn to normal startup without modification.

Press <Enter> and the following information is prompted:

For each of the following questions, you can press <Return> to select the

value shown in braces, or you can Enter a new value.


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Step 2: Configure TFTP parameters

NETWORK INTERFACE PARAMETERS:

Here the parameters include interface, interface IP address, subnet mask.

Do you want a LAN interface? [N] y

This board's LAN IP address? [169.254.10.10]10.110.10.10

Subnet mask for LAN (0 for none)? [255.255.0.0]

TFTP SERVER PARAMETERS:

Here the parameters include IP address of the Ethernet port on the PC, file name for the application program, CPU delay value.

IP address of the TFTP server? [169.254.75.166]10.110.10.13

What is the name of the file to be loaded and started? [m860ram.arj]

How long (in seconds) should CPU delay before starting up? [5]

Caution:

You must enter the IP address of the PC connected to the FE port of the router for “IP address of the TFTP server ? [10.110.10.13]”.

You must enter the IP address and subnet mask of LAN0 respectively for “This board's LAN IP address(0.0.0.0 = RARP)? [10.110.10.10]” and “Subnet mask for LAN (0 for none)? [255.255.0.0]”.

The IP addresses of the PC and LAN0 must be in the same segment.

Step 3: Acknowledge parameters configured

You are required to acknowledge the parameters configured when the last one is input.

----------------------------------------------------------------

NETWORK INTERFACE PARAMETERS:

IP address on LAN is 10.110.10.10

LAN interface's subnet mask is 0xffff0000

HARDWARE PARAMETERS:

Processor type is MPC860T

Internal Clock Rate 50 Mhz

External Clock Rate 50 Mhz

Serial channels will use a baud rate of 9600

TFTP SERVER PARAMETERS:

IP address of the TFTP host is 10.110.10.13

The file to download and start is m860ram.arj

After board is reset, start-up code will wait 5 seconds


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---------------------------------------------------------------

(M)odify any of this or (C)ontinue? [M]C

Enter <C> to acknowledge the current configuration.

3) Download application program through TFTP

Step 1: Start the system in normal way and enter Boot menu.

Step 2: Enter <2> to select “Download application program with NET”, and this information is prompted:

Download application program, are you sure?[Y/N]Y

If the PC running TFTP Server is ready, key in <Y> to start loading.

Starting the TFTP download...

.........................................................................

........................

TFTP download completed...

read len = [03598640]

Writing program code to FLASH...

Please wait,it needs a long time .Please wait...

########################################################

Writing FLASH Success.

Press <ENTER> key to reboot the system .

Press <Enter> to reboot the system.

II. For AR 18-2x/18-3x

Both TFTP loading and FTP loading are available in AR 18-2x/18-3x routers.

1) Start TFTP or FTP Server

Start TFTP server or FTP server at the PC connecting the Ethernet port of the router and configure path for the files to be loaded. For FTP Server, you should also set username and password.

2) Enter NET download menu

Select <2> in BOOT menu to turn to NET download menu.

3) Configure parameters

Select <1> in NET download menu to turn to parameter configuration interface.

Configure these parameters for TFTP mode

file name: File name to be loaded

inet on ethernet (e): IP address for the Ethernet port for loading


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host inet (h): IP address for TFTP Server

flags (f): The flag must be 0x80 for TFTP mode

Configure these parameters for FTP mode

file name: File name to be loaded

inet on ethernet (e) : IP address for the Ethernet port for loading

host inet (h) : IP address for FTP Server

user (u): User name, which must be consistent with that for FTP Server

ftp password (pw) (blank = use rsh): Password, which must be consistent with that for FTP Server

flags (f): The flag must be 0x0 for FTP mode

These parameters will be saved automatically when your configuration is completed.

4) Router restarts after successful upgrading

Press <Enter> to return to NET download menu and select <2>, and then this information is prompted:

boot device : fei

unit number : 0

processor number : 0

host name : 8040

file name : Q8040.BIN

inet on ethernet (e) : 10.110.27.235

host inet (h) : 10.110.27.231

user (u) : 8040

ftp password (pw) : 8040

flags (f) : 0x80

Attached TCP/IP interface to fei0.

Subnet Mask: 0xfffff800

Attaching network interface lo0... done.

Loading...

NET download completed...

read len = [04378489]

Please wait,it needs a long time

#########################################################################

###############################################################

###########################

Writing Vrpsoftware File Succeeds!


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Press <Enter> key to reboot the system .

Press <Enter> to reboot the system.

5.1.5 Uploading/Downloading Application, Boot ROM program and Configuration File Using FTP

Quidway Series Routers provide FTP Server function, which gives another approach for updating application file, Boot ROM program or configuration file. Any FTP Client (including local and remote users) connected to a router can perform the operation. Configuration file, Boot ROM program or application files can be uploaded/downloaded if the user passes authentication. Follow these steps to upload/download the application/Boot ROM program/configuration file through FTP:

Note:

Upload: Transmit files from the PC running as FTP client to the router connected to the PC via the Ethernet interface, that is, perform the put operation.

Download: Transmit files from the router to the PC running as FTP client, which is connected to the Ethernet interface of the router, that is to implement the get operation.

I. Building up upload/download environment

Build up FTP local upload/download environment

PC (FTP Client)

10.110.10.13 10.110.10.10Ethernet port

LANDC12V

100M ETHCON AUX

Quidway AR 18-12(FTP Server)

Figure 5-3 Building up FTP local upload/download environment

Step 1: Connect the Ethernet interface on the router to the PC.

Step 2: Assign an IP address for the Ethernet interface on the router. It is assumed to be 10.110.10.10.

Step 3: Assign an IP address for the Ethernet interface on the PC. It is assumed to be 10.110.10.13.

Step 4: Copy the application files, Boot ROM program or configuration files to a directory, which is assumed to be “C:\ version”.


5-13

Caution:

The IP addresses of the network interface on the PC and the router’s Ethernet interface must be on the same segment.

Build up FTP remote upload/download environment

Figure 5-4 Building up FTP remote upload/download environment

Step 1: Connect the PC to any port of the router through a WAN. This approach does not require the IP addresses of the PC and the router to be on the same segment and is used for upgrading the router remotely.

Step 2: Copy the application files, Boot ROM program or configuration files to a directory, which is assumed to be “C:\version”.

II. Starting the FTP server

Perform the following configurations with the help of the maintenance personnel at the router side:

Step 1: Set authentication mode

Note:

You can select an AAA configuration scheme depending on the actual situation. For the related commands, refer to the AAA and RADIUS configuration introduced in VRP1.7 Operation Manual or VRP3 Operation Manual.

Step 2: Add user name and password

[Router] local-user router password simple 123 service-type ftp


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“Router” represents the user name and “123” the password.

Step 3: Add server type

[Router] local-user Router service-type ftp

Step 4: Add right level

[Router] local-user Router level 3

Step 5: Specify FTP directory

[Router] local-user Router ftp-directory flash:

Step 6: Start FTP server.

[Router] ftp-server enable

With these operations, the FTP server has been started on the router and the username has been set. In this case, all the FTP client programs can use the username and password to log onto the FTP server.

Note:

VRP1.7 does not support the local-user level command , therefore, please omit Step 4 in VRP1.7 environment.

III. Uploading/Downloading application, configuration file and Uploading Boot ROM program

Step 1: Enter the directory containing the application file, Boot ROM program or configuration files in the DOS state. Execute the ftp command to set up an FTP connection with the router. For example:

C:\version\ftp 10.110.10.10

If the connection is set up, the following information will be displayed (taking Windows98 as an example):

Connected to 10.110.10.10

220 FTP server ready on Router at

User(10.110.10.10:(none)):

Step 2: Log in the FTP server with the username and password set on the router.

User(10.110.10.10:(none)): Router

331 Password required for ftp

Password:

230 User ftp logged in

ftp>


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The appearance of the prompt “ftp>” means that you can begin the upload/download operation.

Step 3: Upload/Download the application files, Boot ROM program or configuration files.

Note:

By default, the application file and configuration file on the router are respectively named “system” and “config”, the file of the extended Boot ROM program segment is named “bootrom”, and the entire Boot ROM file name defaults to bootromall.

Upload the application program file or Boot ROM program or configuration file. ftp> put

local file (Input the name of appplication/Boot ROM

program/Configuration file to be uploaded.)

remote file (Input the name of appplication/Boot ROM

program/Configuration file to be saved at the router side after

uploading.)

After the uploading is completed, the prompt “ftp>” will be displayed again. Enter <dir> to display the name and size of the file on the router. The size of the configuration file will be the same as that of the original file on the host if the uploading is successful.

Caution:

After you have uploaded Boot ROM program using the put command, you should immediately use the upgrade bootrom [ full ] command to decompress the bootrom/bootromfull program from the root directory Flash, then write it into Boot ROM. At this point, the upgrade of Boot ROM is completed.

Download the application or Boot ROM program or configuration file. ftp> get

local file (Input the name of appplication/Boot ROM

program/Configuration file to be saved.)

remote file (Input the name of ppplication/Boot ROM

program/Configuration file at the router side)

Step 4: After implementing uploading/downloading, exit the FTP client program.

ftp>quit


5-16

5.1.6 Recovering the Lost Router Password

If the router’s Boot ROM password or user password is lost, use the following methods to solve the problem:

I. Password lost on AR 18-1x

Step 1: Enter the Boot menu (refer to the 5.1.1 Boot Menu for the operation procedure), and select <3>.

Boot Menu:

1: Download application program with XModem

2: Download application program with TFTP





7: Exit and reboot

Enter your choice(1-7):3

The following information will be displayed:

Clear config, are you sure?[Y/N]y

Press <Y>, and the following information will be displayed

Erasing...Success!

Step 2: When the Boot menu appears again, select <7> to exit the Boot menu

The following information will be displayed:

Exit and reboot, are you sure?[Y/N]y

Press <Y>, and the following information will be displayed.

System is rebooting now....

Step 3: Configure a new user password in the system view with the local-user command.

[Router] local-user huawei password simple 123 service-type exec-

administrator

“huawei ” represents the user name, “123” represents the new user password, “exec-administrator” represents that new user is administrator.

[Router] quit

[Router] save


5-17

Note:

You should execute the command save to save the modification on the global user configuration password.

This method will clear all system configurations, so you must back up the configurations you still want.

II. Password lost on AR 18-2x/18-3x

Several passwords can be set on AR 18-2x/18-3x routers and the aforementioned method is still available for AR 18-2x/18-3x routers.

If only super user password is lost, you can enter Boot menu and select <4>. Then reboot the router and set new password as a super user.

III. Recovering the Boot ROM password

If the Boot ROM password of router is lost, please contact the local agent of Huawei Technologies. The technician will help you enter the router’s Boot ROM menu and reset the password.

Installation Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

6-1

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

6.1 Troubleshooting Power System

1) Symptoms

POWER LED cannot light.

2) Solution

Please check that:

The power switch of the router has been turned on. The switch of the power supply has been turned on. The power cord of the router is properly connected. The power supply can work with the router.

Caution:

Do not plug/unplug the power cord when the power is ON. After having checked the items above, contact the agent if the POWER LED is still OFF.

6.2 Troubleshooting Configuration System

After the Power-On Self-Test (POST) of the router, if the system operates normally, the start-up information should be displayed on the console terminal; if the configuration system has some faults, the terminal may not display anything or may display only illegible characters.

I. Troubleshooting “nothing being displayed on the terminal”

1) Symptoms

The console terminal does not display any information after POST of the router.

2) Solution

Step 1: Check that:

The power system is correctly working. The console cable is connected correctly.

Installation Manual Quidway AR 18 Series Routers Chapter 6 Troubleshooting

6-2

Step 2: If the problem is not located yet, proceed to check the console cable and the terminal (such as the HyperTerminal) parameter settings.

II. Troubleshooting “displaying illegible characters on the terminal”

1) Symptoms

The console terminal displays illegible characters after the POST of the router.

2) Solution

Verify whether the terminal (e.g., the HyperTerminal) parameter are set as follows: Baud rate: 9600, Data bits: 8, Stop bit: 1, Parity: None, Flow control: None, and Terminal emulation: VT100 or Auto detect. If the parameters do not match the above values, make reconfiguration.

quidway ar 18 series routers installation manual

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