quantum mechanics

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QUANTUM MECHANICS What is Quantum Mechanics? A branch of Physics which deals with physical phenomena at microscopic scales.

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Page 1: Quantum Mechanics

QUANTUM MECHANICS

What is Quantum Mechanics?A branch of Physics which deals with physical phenomena at microscopic scales.

Page 2: Quantum Mechanics

Why Do We Need Quantum Mechanics?

Black body radiationInstability of classical atomsQuantization of certain physical propertiesWave-particle dualityUncertainty PrincipleQuantum Entanglement

Page 3: Quantum Mechanics

How does a quantum system work?

Quantum System

Quantum State

OperatorWave

function

Eigen State

Page 4: Quantum Mechanics

Quantum State

A set of mathematical variables that maximally describes a quantum system but not fully.

Types of quantum states

1. Pure quantum states2. Mixed quantum states

Page 5: Quantum Mechanics

Wave-Particle Duality

Why do particles behave as waves? Where does the relation of momentum, p, Plank’s

constant, h, and wavelength come from? How does the double slit experiment show wave-

particle duality?

Page 6: Quantum Mechanics

Uncertainty Principle

Why can’t we measure position and momentum of a particle simultaneously?

What constitutes a measurement?What does the Uncertainty Principle predict?

Page 7: Quantum Mechanics

Quantum Superposition

If a physical system may be in some configuration, and if the physical system could be in another configuration then it is in a state which is a superposition of the two.

What if the system is definitely in one state? Why should there be quantum superposition? How do we know the intermediate character? What are the predictions of quantum

superposition?

Page 8: Quantum Mechanics

Schrodinger’s cat paradox

A system stops being in the superposition of states and becomes either one or the other when an observation takes place.

Page 9: Quantum Mechanics

Quantum Entanglement

It occurs when particles interact physically and then become separated; the type of interaction is such that each resulting member of a pair is properly described by the same quantum mechanical description (state) which is indefinite in terms of factors such as position, momentum, spin, polarization.

Applications of entanglement Quantum Teleportation Super dense coding

Page 10: Quantum Mechanics

Quantum Teleportation

A process by which a qubit (the smallest unit of quantum information) can be transmitted exactly from one location to another, without the qubit being transmitted through the intervening space.

Page 11: Quantum Mechanics

Quantum Teleportation between Flying(Photonic) and Stationary (Atomic) Qubits