quantum mechanics
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QUANTUM MECHANICS
What is Quantum Mechanics?A branch of Physics which deals with physical phenomena at microscopic scales.
Why Do We Need Quantum Mechanics?
Black body radiationInstability of classical atomsQuantization of certain physical propertiesWave-particle dualityUncertainty PrincipleQuantum Entanglement
How does a quantum system work?
Quantum System
Quantum State
OperatorWave
function
Eigen State
Quantum State
A set of mathematical variables that maximally describes a quantum system but not fully.
Types of quantum states
1. Pure quantum states2. Mixed quantum states
Wave-Particle Duality
Why do particles behave as waves? Where does the relation of momentum, p, Plank’s
constant, h, and wavelength come from? How does the double slit experiment show wave-
particle duality?
Uncertainty Principle
Why can’t we measure position and momentum of a particle simultaneously?
What constitutes a measurement?What does the Uncertainty Principle predict?
Quantum Superposition
If a physical system may be in some configuration, and if the physical system could be in another configuration then it is in a state which is a superposition of the two.
What if the system is definitely in one state? Why should there be quantum superposition? How do we know the intermediate character? What are the predictions of quantum
superposition?
Schrodinger’s cat paradox
A system stops being in the superposition of states and becomes either one or the other when an observation takes place.
Quantum Entanglement
It occurs when particles interact physically and then become separated; the type of interaction is such that each resulting member of a pair is properly described by the same quantum mechanical description (state) which is indefinite in terms of factors such as position, momentum, spin, polarization.
Applications of entanglement Quantum Teleportation Super dense coding
Quantum Teleportation
A process by which a qubit (the smallest unit of quantum information) can be transmitted exactly from one location to another, without the qubit being transmitted through the intervening space.
Quantum Teleportation between Flying(Photonic) and Stationary (Atomic) Qubits