quantitative research report- undp prepared by march 2009

Quantitative research report- UNDP

Prepared by

March 2009

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2

I. Research objectives

II. METHODOLOGY

III. RESULTS

III.1 AWARENESS AND INFORMATION

III.2 ATTITUDE TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE

III.3 SOCIAL INVOLVEMENT

Index

Methodological notes on the report

• Sample: National representative for the population of 16 years old and above. Casual selection of households and interviewed respondents.

• Reporting base: 1119 interviews

• Significance error: 2,9% with a probability of 0,95.

• Interviews: According to a standardized questionnaire, face to face, at the respondent’s home. The dates were collected in the period 7- 16th of February 2009.

• Weighting: According to gender, age, region and residence.

• Validation: The sample was validated according to National Institute of Statistics data.

I. OBJECTIVES

Objectives

• The knowledge and information level of Romanian citizens regarding the

development policy of the European Union.

• The visibility of the European policy for development in Romania

• The citizen information level regarding the cooperation policy for

development in Romania

• The knowledge level regarding the Millennium Development Objectives

• The public visibility level of Romanian initiatives in the domain of

development for cooperation

• Revealing the public attitude towards shift of Romania’s statute from

recipient to fund donor

• Revealing the most adequate messages to promote the new statute of

Romania as a international donor

6

III.1 AWARENESS AND INFORMATION

Q 1- How well do you know…

Base: 1119 respondents

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

19%

26%

28%

28%

32%

35%

5%

9%

11%

13%

16%

25%

30%

26%

30%

31%

34%

19%

24%

25%

26%

23%

21%

15%

15%

14%

13%

10%

11%

15%

17%

21%

23%

24%

26%

24%

22%

22%

20%

62%

48%

40%

33%

26%

11%

3%

7%

6%

2%

1%

1%

1%

2%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Amnesty International

The Global Program for Alimentation (PGA)

The United Nations High Comissioners for Refugees (UNHCR)

The United Nations Development Program (UNDP)

Medicines sans Frontieres (MSF)

The Organization for Human Rights Defense (OHRD)

The United Nations Organization (UNO)

The European Comission

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

The Red Cross National Society in Romania

The European Union (EU)

Very well Quite well I heard of the organization A little bit I never heard of it Don't know/ no answer

The institutions which are highly known by respondents are the European Union, with a percentage of 99%, followed by Red Cross Organization in Romania – 88%, UNICEF and European Commission. 68% of the respondents have heard of United Nations Development Program (UNDP). On the opposite track, among Global Program for Alimentation, there is Amnesty International, of which 62% of the respondents haven’t heard at all.

Q 2- Do you consider that you are informed about the assistance programs for international development?

Very well informed

2%

I don't know/ I don't answer

4%

Very low informed

36%

Quite uninformed

38%

Quite informed20%


About 22% of the respondents consider themselves very or quite well informed about the assistance programs for international development.

Q 3- Please tell me for each of the following countries from which of the 2 categories takes part.

88%

84%

58%

47%

16%

3%

2%

11%

31%

10%

15%

21%

2%

1%

13%

77%

83%

74%

23%

14%

28%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

The United States

France

Russia

China

Romania

The Republic of Moldova

Congo

The country that offers help for development The country that needs help for development I don't know/ I don't answer


Romania, among countries like the Republic of Moldova and Congo, is considered a country who needs help for development, only 16% of the respondents considering it would be appropriate that Romania to offer help for development.

Q 5- Do you think that the European Union helps the poor nations from Africa, Latin America, Asia, etc. to develop?

I don't know/ I don't answer22%

No22%

Yes56%


56% of the respondents consider that European Union participates in helping poor nations.

Q 6- In your opinion, how much money was spent by the European Union for

development assistance programs?

16%

11%

10%

7%

2%

54%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Around 10 euros per European citizen

Around 1 euro per European citizen

Around 50 euros per European citizen

Around 100 euros per Europeancitizen

Around 1000 euros per Europeancitizen



The majority of the respondents (54%) don’t know to what extent EU participates financially in development assistance programs. 27% of the respondents consider that the EU participates at such kind of programs with an average of 1 to 10 euros per European citizen.

Q 7-In your opinion, which of the following donors offers the biggest financial volume of development assistance for underdeveloped countries?

46%

37%

2%

1%

1%

1%

13%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

EU (The States Members and theEuropean Commission)

USA

Japan

Russia

China

Others



On the whole, taking into account other international donors also, EU (Member States and the European Commission) is considered to offer the biggest volume of financial assistance.

Q 20- Taking into the account that Romania joined the European Union, what do you

think are Romania‘s obligations as a member state?

Don't know/ no answer

3%

To contribute to communitary budget which finances the

projects and external assistance

programs of EU56%

To offer development assistance for

developing countries

41%


Q 21- Since Romania joined the EU at 1st of January 2007 have you heard/ seen/ read something about the help that Romania offered to poor countries outside EU?


9%

No52%

Yes39%


Less than half of the respondents (39%) have heard/ seen/ read about Romania’s help for underdeveloped countries.

Socio- demographic differences of information level on Romania’s support to underdeveloped countries

• The socio- demographic description of respondents doesn’t show noteworthy

differences, exception making the non- responses distribution.

• The respondents with lower education revealed to have the smallest information

level on projects of Romanian international assistance (13%).

• 67% of those who stated that they know about Romanian projects of international

assistance have incomes below 1750 lei (approximately 430 euros) and 20% of

these live in the Southern region of Romania.


Total Yes NoDon’t know/ No

answer

Sex Masculine 48% 52% 45% 52%

Feminine 52% 48% 55% 48%

16- 24 years 16% 17% 17% 13%

Age 25- 39 years 28% 29% 29% 19%

40- 65 years 40% 41% 39% 38%

65+ years 16% 13% 15% 30%

Lower education 21% 13% 24% 36%

Education Medium education 51% 55% 50% 41%

Higher education 28% 32% 25% 24%

Rural 44% 39% 47% 43%

Residence Urban up to 100000 inhabitants 25% 25% 24% 30%

Urban over 100000 inhabitants 22% 25% 21% 13%

Bucharest 9% 11% 8% 14%

At least + 5 percentage points toward the meanAt least - 5 percentage points toward the mean


Total Yes NoDon’t know/ no

answer

Under 1000 lei 43% 34% 47% 57%

1001- 1750 lei 28% 33% 25% 22%

Income 1751- 3000 lei 12% 16% 10% 7%

Over 3000 lei 4% 5% 4% 1%

Don’t know/ no answer 14% 12% 15% 13%

North –East 17% 12% 22% 9%

South –East 13% 14% 10% 27%

South 17% 21% 14% 11%

South –West 11% 15% 8% 8%

Region West 9% 11% 9% 5%

North –West 13% 9% 16% 11%

Center 12% 8% 14% 15%

Bucharest 9% 11% 8% 14%

18

III.2 ATTITUDE TOWARDS INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE

Socio- demographic differences of perception on offering international help

• Asked at a general level, approximately 95% consider that a more developed

country must offer help to poorer countries.

• There weren’t any striking differences toward the average among those that

support the offering of international help; in exchange, in the category of those

that showed disapproval there are more women.

• Also, 34% of the respondents that are against have the age between 25- 39 years

old, incomes below 1000 lei and lower education.

• When asked in a particular way about the offering of international help on the part

of Romania, only 59% of respondents still stated that they are totally/ rather

agreeing on offering international support and 33% of these asserted that are

totally/ rather disapproving this aspect.

• From those that declared the disagreement , 34% of respondents have higher

education.

Q 4- Please tell to what extent do you agree with the following affirmation: „The more developed countries should offer help‘ support to poor countries or underdeveloped countries“?

I totally agree65%


2%

Totally disagree2%Rather disagree

3%

Rather agree29%


About 95% of the respondents consider that a well developed country should offer help for poorer countries.

TotalTotally agree/ Rather agree

Totally disagree/

Rather disagree

Don’t know/ no answer


Feminine 52% 51% 62% 63%

16- 24 years 16% 17% 11% 8%

Age 25- 39 years 28% 28% 34% 20%

40- 65 years 40% 40% 37% 15%

65+ years 16% 15% 19% 57%




Rural 44% 42% 62% 57%

ResidenceUrban up to 100000 inhabitants

25% 25% 19% 11%

Urban over 100000 inhabitants

22% 23% 11% 23%

Bucharest 9% 10% 8% 10%

Socio- demographic differences of perception in offering international help

Socio- demographic differences of perception in offering international help

TotalTotally agree/ Rather agree

Totally disagree/

Rather disagree


Under 1000 lei 43% 42% 60% 62%

1001- 1750 lei 28% 29% 13% 19%

Income 1751- 3000 lei 12% 12% 10% 6%

Over 3000 lei 4% 4% 4%


14% 14% 14% 13%

North –East 17% 17% 20% 6%

South –East 13% 14% 7% 7%

South 17% 16% 21% 20%

South –West 11% 10% 14% 30%

Region West 9% 10%

North –West 13% 13% 16%

Center 12% 11% 13% 27%

Bucharest 9% 10% 8% 10%

Q 9- In general, to what extent do you agree with the following affirmation : „Romania

should offer help to poorer or underdeveloped/ developing countries”?

I don't know/ I don't answer 7.8%Totally disagree

12%

Rather disagree21%

Rather agree32%

I totally agree27%


Socio- demographic differences of perception in offering Romanian international help

TotalTotally

disagree/ rather disagree

Totally agree/ rather agree



Feminine 52% 52% 50% 56%

16- 24 years 16% 17% 17% 14%

Age 25- 39 years 28% 28% 30% 24%

40- 65 years 40% 41% 38% 41%

65+ years 16% 15% 16% 21%




Rural 44% 44% 40% 54%

ResidenceUrban up to 100.000 inhabitants

25% 25% 27% 14%

Urban over 100.000 inhabitants

22% 23% 22% 16%

Bucharest 9% 8% 10% 16%

Socio- demographic allocation of the Q9 answer options

TotalTotally

disagree/ rather disagree

Totally agree/ rather agree


Under 1000 lei 43% 41% 43% 59%

1001- 1750 lei 28% 30% 25% 21%

Income 1751- 3000 lei 12% 13% 13% 2%

Over 3000 lei 4% 5% 3% 1%

Don’t know/ no answer 14% 12% 16% 18%

North –East 17% 16% 17% 22%

South –East 13% 14% 13% 11%

South 17% 20% 12% 14%

South –West 11% 12% 10% 5%

Region West 9% 10% 8% 3%

North –West 13% 10% 17% 14%

Center 12% 10% 14% 14%

Bucharest 9% 8% 10% 16%

Q 10- Please tell me for what reason did you gave the previous answer. Romania’s reasons for offering/ not offering international help

35%

30%

8%

5%

6%

1%

8%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Moral duty

Romania is a poor country

Mutuality

Possibility of being remarked

Other

Refuse

Don't know

Open question


The main motivation for offering international help relates around the concept of moral duty; an obstacle for giving such type of support is the perception that Romania is a poor country.

53%

34%

6%

2%

5%

33%

35%

15%

6%

12%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Totally agree

Rather agree

Ratherdisagree

Totallydisagree

Don't know/no answer

Humanitarian assistance

Cooperation for development

Q 11- To what extent do you agree with the fact that Romania must offer cooperation/ assistance for development of other countries? Q 12- To what extent do you agree or not with the fact that Romania offers humanitarian assistance to other countries?

Base: 1119 persoane

Comparing the two manners through which Romania can offer international help, we can observe that 87% of respondents were totally/ rather agreeing that Romania offer humanitarian assistance, while only 68% declared their approval toward offering cooperation/ assistance for development.

Q 8- Would you say that the development assistance is more efficient if it is offered by each member state separately or if it is offered through the European Comission?

More efficient if it is offered through

European Comission- EU

Level64%


16%

More efficient if it is offered by each state separately

20%


Q 13- In your opinion, which of the following would be the best efficient way to offer Romanian help to other countries.

44%

16%

12%

8%

3%

18%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

To offer funds to international organizations (likeUnicef or Red Cross)

To offer to organizations from Romania (NGOs,private companies) funds for development

projects in other countries

To offer money directly to the governements ofthose countries

To offer funds to local organizations (NGOs andprivate companies ) for local development

programs

Other

I don't know / I don't answ er


Q 14- What countries/ regions should Romania help?

40%

30%

26%

14%

3%

25%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Ex- Soviet countries(The Republic of Moldova,Georgia, Ukraine)

The countries from Africa

South- Eastern Europe (Balkanic countries)

The countries from South America

Other regions/ countries



Q 15- Some people consider that a more developed country should offer development

support. Which of the following reasons corresponds best to your opinion? Maximum 3 answers

56%

48%

29%

22%

20%

19%

13%

5%

1%

1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Moral duty

Reciprocity

Alignment to a common behaviour of othercountries

Economic interest in that state

Creating a secure environment that leads to afurther development of our region or of a group of

The trial of limiting/ cancelling the risk ofoutbreaking military conflicts or territorial

The possibility of being remarked by othercountries


None of the above

Other


Socio- demographic differences in the assignation of motivation for international help

• 54% of the respondents that considered the economic interest as a reason for

offering international help on the part of Romania are men.

• 14% of those that sustained that joining a common behavior can be, also, a

motivation for Romania to provide international help, have lower education and

are rather from rural areas, while 58% from those that mentioned the economic

interest have higher education and half of them have incomes below 1000 lei

(approximately 250 euros).

Socio- demographic differences in the assignation of motivation for international help

Total Moral duty Mutuality

Alignment to a common behavior of

other countries

Economic interest

Creating a secure

environment

Sex Masculine 48% 47% 47% 49% 54% 49%

Feminine 52% 53% 53% 51% 46% 51%

16- 24 years 16% 14% 16% 19% 19% 15%

Age 25- 39 years 28% 30% 29% 31% 27% 32%

40- 65 years 40% 40% 42% 38% 40% 42%

65+ years 16% 16% 13% 12% 14% 11%

Lower education 21% 21% 20% 14% 18% 14%

Education Medium education 51% 52% 52% 55% 24% 46%

Higher education 28% 27% 28% 31% 58% 40%

Rural 44% 45% 48% 43% 46% 38%

ResidenceUrban up to 100000 inhabitants 25% 26% 22% 26% 24% 28%

Urban over 100000 inhabitants 22% 19% 21% 24% 25% 31%

Bucharest 9% 10% 9% 7% 5% 3%

Total

Moral duty

Mutuality

Alignment to a common behavior of

other countries

Economic interest

Creating a secure

environment

Under 1000 lei43% 42% 42% 39% 49% 39%

1001- 1750 lei 28% 29% 29% 33% 21% 32%

Income 1751- 3000 lei 12% 13% 11% 12% 12% 15%

Over 3000 lei 4% 4% 4% 4% 7% 5%

Don’t know/ No answer 14% 12% 14% 12% 11% 9%

North –East 17% 16% 15% 17% 10% 21%

South –East 13% 14% 16% 16% 15% 15%

South 17% 17% 18% 12% 20% 19%

South –West 11% 9% 11% 16% 14% 11%

Region West 9% 12% 9% 10% 11% 7%

North –West 13% 12% 14% 15% 13% 13%

Center 12% 10% 8% 7% 12% 11%

Bucharest 9% 10% 9% 7% 5% 3%

Socio- demographic differences in in the assignation of motivation for international help

Q 18- From your point of view, which of the following fields should be the most important

priority for Romanian assistance funds for development?

38%

28%

15%

8%

2%

2%

2%

1%

1%

1%

2%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Decrease of poverty and famine

Promotion of economic grow thBuilding of infrastrctures (roads, schools,

hospitals, etc.)Education and health

Managing of migration and imigration

The administrative and political reform

The approach of environmental problemsThe promotion of equal opportunities for w omen

and menEndorsing developing countries to develop the

goods and services tradeOther



Socio- demographic differences in the hierarchy of development sectors

• The main 3 sectors for development for Romania should be: decrease of poverty

and famine (38%), promotion of economic growth (28%) and building of

infrastructures (15%).

• 54% of those that mentioned decrease of poverty and famine were women and

55% of those that mentioned building of infrastructures were men.

• The economic growth was sustained rather by those with higher education ,

between 25- 39 years old, rather from Bucharest and not necessary from rural

areas, having not necessary low incomes but rather in the interval 1751- 3000 lei.

• The segment health and education is considered important rather by those with

lower education, habitants of cities having below 100.000 habitants, having

incomes between 1001- 1750 lei.

TotalDecrease of poverty and

famine

Promotion of economic

growth

Building of infrastructures

(roads, schools,

hospitals, etc.)

Education and health

Sex Masculine 48% 46% 47% 55% 51%

Feminine 52% 54% 53% 45% 49%

16- 24 years 16% 15% 15% 19% 17%

Age 25- 39 years 28% 24% 35% 31% 26%

40- 65 years 40% 41% 38% 38% 43%

65+ years 16% 19% 12% 12% 14%

Lower education 21% 27% 13% 17% 25%

Education Medium education 51% 52% 49% 48% 51%

Higher education 28% 21% 38% 34% 24%

Rural 44% 50% 39% 43% 41%

ResidenceUrban up to 100000 inhabitants

25% 24% 27% 18% 35%

Urban over 100000 inhabitants

22% 19% 21% 29% 19%

Bucharest 9% 8% 12% 10% 6%


TotalDecrease of poverty and

famine

Promotion of economic

growth

Building of infrastructures

(roads, schools,

hospitals, etc.)

Education and health

Under 1000 lei 43% 50% 32% 40% 42%

1001- 1750 lei 28% 25% 31% 28% 35%

Income 1751- 3000 lei 12% 9% 17% 14% 8%

Over 3000 lei 4% 3% 4% 6% 3%

Don’t know/ No answer

14% 14% 16% 11% 13%

North –East 17% 17% 20% 16% 18%

South –East 13% 18% 12% 6% 11%

South 17% 15% 17% 21% 25%

South –West 11% 8% 11% 14% 12%

Region West 9% 11% 6% 9% 8%

North –West 13% 11% 14% 16% 7%

Center 12% 12% 9% 9% 13%

Bucharest 9% 8% 12% 10% 6%


Q 16- Which of the following types of institutions do you think has the best capacity to

realize assistance projects for international development?

I don't know/ I don't answer,

15%

European Institutions

22%

Public Institutions in Romania

11%

International organization (Unicef, Red

Cross)38%

NGOs13%


Socio- demographic distribution regarding the capacity of organizations to realize international assistance projects

• 38% of respondents stated that the international organizations (UNICEF, red

Cross, etc.) have the best capacity to develop international assistance projects,

followed by 22% of respondents who consider that this can be done by

European institutions. The public institutions from Romania gathered 11 %

from respondents options.

• The International organizations were mentioned rather by those from the age

split of 16- 24 years old, from Bucharest and cities with more than 100.000

habitants.

• The European institutions were considered as having the highest capacity of

developing international assistance projects by those from urban areas, with

higher education, from the North- Eastern region of the country.

• The public institutions from Romania were mentioned rather by those having

more than 65 years old (22%), with lower education (22%), from rural areas

(25%).


TotalInternationalorganizations

EuropeanInstitutions

NGO’s

PublicInstitutionsin Romania

Sex Masculine 48% 46% 53% 52% 52%

Feminine 52% 54% 47% 48% 48%

16- 24 years 16% 21% 13% 18% 10%

Age 25- 39 years 28% 29% 30% 33% 27%

40- 65 years 40% 39% 41% 41% 42%

65+ years 16% 12% 16% 9% 22%

Lowereducation

21% 17% 16% 12% 25%

Education Medium education 51% 57% 48% 52% 46%

Highereducation

28% 26% 35% 36% 28%

Rural 44% 37% 43% 45% 50%

ResidenceUrban up to 100000

Inhabitants25% 26% 27% 24% 25%

Urban over 100000

inhabitants22% 25% 25% 24% 15%

Bucharest 9% 12% 5% 6% 10%


TotalInternationalorganizations

EuropeanInstitutions

NGO’s

PublicInstitutionsin Romania

Under 1000 lei 43% 40% 42% 35% 40%

1001- 1750 lei 28% 27% 31% 35% 25%

Income 1751- 3000 lei 12% 13% 13% 14% 11%

Over 3000 lei 4% 3% 6% 4% 9%

Don’t know/ Noanswer

14% 17% 8% 12% 15%

North –East 17% 14% 24% 14% 9%

South –East 13% 15% 10% 13% 17%

South 17% 20% 19% 9% 17%

South –West 11% 8% 12% 13% 14%

Region West 9% 7% 6% 23% 11%

North –West 13% 12% 12% 16% 16%

Center 12% 13% 12% 5% 8%

Bucharest 9% 12% 5% 6% 10%

Q 22- From who/ what institution do you consider it would be most appropriate to be

informed about these development programs?

29%

19%

13%

8%

2%

1%

3%

25%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

The Ministry of External Affairs

The European Comission

NGOs

The United Nations Organization

Authorities (Government, Local councils,Tow nhall etc)

Mass-Media

Other



44

III.3 SOCIAL INVOLVEMENT

Q 17- Please tell me how often have you made/ participated at each of the following activities in the last 12 months.

4%

4%

5%

5%

5%

90%

86%

84%

47%

44%

5%

7%

7%

21%

22%

1%

3%

3%

22%

22%

0%

1%

1%

6%

7%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Protest movement organized bya non- guvernamentalorganization (NGO)

Voluntary activities for a non-guvernamental organization

Debates on political themes

Money donations for victims ofdisasters/ other people instraitened circumstances

Goods donations for victims ofdisasters/ other people instraitened circumstances

Regularly

2-3 times

Once

Never

I don’t answer


51% of respondents mentioned that they have made goods donations for victims of disasters in the last 12 months and 49% of respondents made also money donations.

Q 19- Referring to the previous presented priorities, please tell me would you be willing to...

46%

47%

45%

21%

22%

27%

15%

14%

12%

6%

4%

2%

12%

13%

14%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

To participate atinformation meetings

regarding programs forinternationaldevelopment

To particiapte at avoluntary activity as partof a NGO in the next 12

months

To donate money forendorsing less

developed/ developingcountries

Very high extent High extent Small extent Very small extent I don't know/ I don't answer


69% of respondents are willing to participate in the next 12 months in a voluntary activity.

Contacte

Andrei Musetescu, Managing Director +4021 - 311 93 12

[email protected]

George Popescu, Development Director +4021 - 311 93 14

[email protected]

Silviu Matei, Research Director +4031 - 405 48 83

[email protected]

Gabriela Cioata, Research Executive +4021 - 311 93 15

[email protected]

TNS CSOP – Informaţii de contact

Adresa: Crisana nr. 9,Tel / Fax : +4021 311 93 13

E-mail: [email protected]

Web: http://www.csop.ro

mailto:Andrei.Musetescu@

mailto:[email protected]



http://www.csop.ro/

quantitative research report- undp prepared by march 2009

Documents

international development

development policy

domain of development

european union

european policy

interviewed respondents

respondents home

respondents havent