pyramid construction in ancient egypt by amy sencer

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Pyramid Construction in Ancient Egypt By Amy Sencer

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Pyramid Construction in Ancient Egypt By Amy Sencer. Moving stones in Ancient Egypt. In ancient times, there were no machines to assist in transporting large stones for the building of pyramids People had to get very large stones across long distances - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Pyramid Construction in Ancient EgyptBy Amy Sencer

Page 2: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Moving stones in Ancient Egypt

In ancient times, there were no machines to assist in transporting large stones for the building of pyramids

People had to get very large stones across long distances

There were several methods used to do this…

Page 3: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

SledgeLarge blocks would be placed on a sledge and pulled along a track by a team of oxen or men

Page 4: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

BoatsBoats were secured to the tops of the stones. When the tide came in, the boats, and the stones, could travel to the other side of the water and unload the stones.

Page 5: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Rolling Logs

The Egyptians were able to move stones along large distances by placing them on top of several logs and rolling it forward. As the stone moved over a log, it was removed from the back and put down in front of the stone. This allowed the stone to move continuously.

Page 6: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Constructing the Pyramids

Once the stones arrived, they needed to be lifted up to build the pyramids.

There are several theories as to how this was done…

Page 7: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Stone Pouring

Some believed that the stones were actually a synthetic stone that was poured and cast right in place at the pyramids.

Page 8: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

The problem with this theory:Disregards tools that have been found as well as the quarries

The stones are irregular, not as if made by molds

There is no evidence of molds

Page 9: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Straight, External Ramp This theory

suggests that a ramp is constructed, at a small angle, to lift the stones

As the height of the pyramid grows, the ramp is built up and raised to the next level

Page 10: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Problems with this theory:The ramp itself could only have a

maximum slope of 8 degrees in order to raise the stones.

With a slope that small, the ramp would have had to be about a mile long in order to complete the pyramid.

Such a ramp would be so massive, it would almost double the manpower needed just to build it.

Page 11: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

External, Spiral Ramp

This ramp circles the pyramid, raising blocks to the top as it is built.

This ramp looks like a corkscrew and is covered as the pyramid is completed

Page 12: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Problems with this theory:With the corners and edges being

the last to be completed, the exact measurements necessary would be missing during construction.

Without these measurements, the engineers could not be sure that the corners would all reach the peak correctly.

Page 13: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Internal Spiral Ramp This theory states

that an external ramp was used to build the lower third of the pyramid.

From there, the ramp was used to build the upper portion using an internal ramp

Page 14: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Problems with this theory: It would be very difficult to

maneuver large stones up a narrow ramp while trying to turn a ninety degree corner.

Page 15: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Our Own Model Pyramid We built a pyramid out of cardboard. The base measured 7inches by 7inches. The perimeter of the base is 28 inches. The surface area of the pyramid is 147 inches

squared. The volume of the pyramid is about 111 inches

cubed.

Page 16: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Our own ramp experimentAs we built the ramps higher, in

order to get the angle at the base to remain consistant (small enough to move stones), the ramp had to get significantly longer at each height increase.

Page 17: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Machines of short, wooden planks

These machines brought the stones into place step by step

The stones could be carried using one machine at each step, or by simply readjusting two machines as shown.

Page 18: Pyramid Construction in  Ancient Egypt By Amy  Sencer

Most Likely TheoryThis theory seems most likely for

several reasons: It does not require a massive

structure besides the pyramid itself. It does not require extra manpower

just to build a ramp. It does not require extra manpower

to get the stones to the topAdjustments can be made as the

pyramid is built to ensure precision.