PV TECHNOLOGY TRENDS AND ITS ROLE IN DRIVING THE COST DOWN

Dr.D.N.SinghCTO

E-mail: dn.singh@indosolar.co.inWeb: indosolar.co.in

9TH NOV. 2009

TECHNOLOGICAL SPECTRUM

• SILICON/GaAs WAFER BASED SOLAR CELL

--FIRST GENERATION• A-Si/CIGS/CDTE THINFILM BASED SOLAR CELLS

--SECOND GENERATION• Si NANOSTRUCTURES, ALL SILICON TANDEM

CELLS,SILICON QUANTUM DOTs, Ge QUANTUM DOTs, ETC. CELLS

---THIRD GENERATION

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

• SOLAR CELL EFFICIENCY

• COST OF PRODUCTION

• COST OF INVESTMENT

• TOTAL COST OF OWNER SHIP

PERL CELL---UNSW,SYDNEY

LASER FIRED Cu PLATED CELL

N-TYPE CELLS

OTHER STRUCTURES

LOSSES IN SOLAR CELL

Dr.D.N.Singh

CELL MANUFACTURING PROCESS STEPS

OVERALL APROACH BEING EVOLVED

• REDUCTION IN SURFACE RECOMBINATION -SELECTIVE EMIITER TECHNOLOGY -PASSIVATION TECHNOLOGY -CHEMICAL OXIDATION• REDUCTION OF LOSS IN SERIES AND CONTACT RESISTANCE -SELECTIVE EMIITER TECHNOLOGY -ALTERNATIVE METALLISATION

TECHNOLGIES• REDUCTION OF LOSS BY SHADING AND REFLECTION - ALTERNATIVE METALLISATION

TECHNOLGIES -COATING TECNOLOGY -TEXUTURING OPTIMISATION

PROCESSES,TECNOLOGIES AND DEVICE DESIGNS BEING DEVELOPED

• SCREEN PRINTED,NITRIDED,P-TYPE MULTI/MONO CRYSTALLINE SOLAR CELL

PROCESS: 1.Laser Fired contacts 2.Etch Paste for metal printing through Silicon Nitride 3.ECN PV160 /200 Etch 4.Thermal Passivation 5.Al2O3 Passivation 6. Double/Tripple printed Grid 7. Aerosol Printed LIP

PROCESSES,TECNOLOGIES AND DEVICE DESIGNS BEING DEVELOPED

------ContdTECHNOLOGY

1. Selective Emitter

--Ink jet printing and etching

--Etch Paste through Silicon Oxide and doping

--Laser ablation and doping

PROCESSES,TECNOLOGIES AND DEVICE DESIGNS BEING DEVELOPED

------ContdTECHNOLOGY------contd. 2. N-Type monocrystalline silicon solar

cells:--Al diffused rear emitter cells--Boron diffused rear emitter cells

3. Thinner (approx.20 micron) monocrystalline silicon solar cells

4. Ni/Cu Plated solar cells

PROCESSES,TECNOLOGIES AND DEVICE DESIGNS BEING DEVELOPED

------Contd DEVICE DESIGN

1. Three Bus Bar

2. Thinner Fingers (≤60 micron)

--Laser Printed without Screen

--Stencil

MATERIAL CONSTRAINTS ON EFFICIENCY

MATERIAL CONSTRAINTS ON EFFICIENCY

MATERIAL CONSTRAINTS ON EFFICIENCY

MATERIAL CONSTRAINTS ON EFFICIENCY

THANKS