purdown heavy anti-aircraft battery stoke park estate bristol
TRANSCRIPT
Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery Stoke Park Estate
Bristol
Archaeological Watching Brief
for Ecovigour Ltd
on behalf of
Bristol City Council
CA Project: 6649 OASIS ref.: cotswold2-320277
CA Report: 18725
June 2019
Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery Stoke Park Estate
Bristol
Archaeological Watching Brief
CA Project: 6649 CA Report: 18725
This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability to any third
party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission.
© Cotswold Archaeology
Document Control Grid Revision Date Author Checked by Status Reasons for
revision Approved
by A 7 June
2019 Monica
Fombellida/ Sara-Jayne Boughton
Ian Barnes Draft Richard Young
© Cotswold Archaeology
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
CONTENTS SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... 2
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 3
2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND ................................................................ 4
3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ................................................................................... 5
4. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................... 5
5. RESULTS (FIGS 2-3) ......................................................................................... 5
6. DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................... 6
9. CA PROJECT TEAM .......................................................................................... 6
10. REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 6
APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................... 8
APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM........................................................................... 16
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Fig. 1 Site location plan (1:25,000)
Fig. 2 Location of observed groundworks, showing area of Scheduled Monument (1:750)
Fig. 3 Photographs
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
SUMMARY
Project Name: Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery
Location: Stoke Park Estate, Bristol
NGR: 361134 176470
Type: Watching Brief
Date: November and December 2018
SMC: S00175848
Location of Archive: To be deposited with Bristol’s Museums, Galleries & Archives
OASIS ref.: cotswold2-320277 Site Code: PUR18
An archaeological watching brief was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology during
groundworks associated with the excavation of 146 postholes for the installation of a fence
around the perimeter of Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) Battery, Stoke Park State,
Bristol.
No features or deposits of archaeological interest were observed during groundworks and no
artefactual material was recovered.
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 In November and December 2018 Cotswold Archaeology (CA) carried out an
archaeological watching brief at the request of Ecovigour Ltd, on behalf of Bristol
City Council, at Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) Battery, Stoke Park Estate,
Bristol (centred at NGR: 361134 176470, Fig.1).
1.2 In line with the recommendations of a Conservation Management Plan (CMP) for the
site (CA 2015), works were planned to clear the site of scrub, trim the trees, remove
the old fence and install a new fence around the perimeter of the scheduled
monument. As the works have the potential to impact upon archaeological remains
which form a Scheduled Monument (ref. SM BS 184, HA 1004531), consultations
were conducted with Hugh Beamish, Inspector of Ancient Monuments, Historic
England (HE). The required Scheduled Monument Consent (SMC) has been issued
under reference: S00175848.
1.3 The watching brief was carried out in accordance with a detailed Written Scheme of
Investigation (WSI) produced by CA (2018) and approved by Hugh Beamish. The
fieldwork also followed Standard and guidance: Archaeological watching brief (CIfA
2014). It was monitored by Hugh Beamish.
The site
1.4 The Scheduled Monument is approximately 1.1ha in extent and is located at c. 83m
AOD within the boundaries of Stoke Park Estate. It comprises four octagonal gun
positions, two square gun pits, two magazines and a command post. The monument
as a whole is currently largely obscured by scrub, trees and dense undergrowth. The
monument has suffered vandalism, with the old fence partially removed and graffiti
covering the four octagonal gun positions.
1.5 The underlying bedrock geology of the area is mapped as Wilmcote Limestone
Member - Limestone and mudstone, interbedded of the Triassic and Jurassic
periods (BGS 2018). Natural geological substrate consisting of yellow clay and
limestone brash was observed during the watching brief, at an average depth of
0.2m below present ground level (bpgl).
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND
2.1 The CMP for the site (CA 2016) fully documents the historic background of the site,
as well as the historic context of national anti-aircraft defence during the Second
World War. The following is a brief background of the Purdown Battery itself.
2.2 The Scheduled Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) Battery is located within the
Stoke Park Estate, which is a Grade II Registered Park and Garden. The park was
part of a group of large estates owned by the Berkeley family, a prominent noble
family in Bristol. In the 20th century Stoke Park House was bought and expanded to
become an orphanage and mental health hospital. The House and Parkland were
taken over by Stoke Park Group Hospital Management Committee in 1948, and then
transferred to NHS trusts. Purdown HAA Battery became operational as a mobile
anti-aircraft site in November 1939, before being converted to a permanent
reinforced concrete and brick built battery in June 1940. Within the HAA battery was
a command post and other associated buildings such as a canteen and
accommodation. It originally had four octagonal gun emplacements, with two square
gun positions with magazines added later in the war, along with small mobile gun
positions in the wider landscape around the original battery, the latter two groups
distinguished by concrete block construction. The site also had a camp located
adjacent to it. The site of the battery dominates a topographic point along a plateau
edge which has far reaching views of Bristol and was a perfect vantage point for
spotting enemy aircraft. The HAA Battery gained notoriety as ‘Purdown Percy’, with
the noise of the simultaneous firing of the guns echoing around the surrounding
area. Bristol Aeroplane Company at Filton, the Avonmouth Docks and the docks at
Bristol Harbour within the city were the main target for enemy bombs, and so the
HAA Battery on Purdown would have been protecting these targets. The HAA
Battery was decommissioned in mid-1946 (CA 2016, 10).
2.3 Archaeological evaluation was undertaken at Purdown Radio Station, c.50m south-
west of the Scheduled Monument (BaRAS 2001). This evaluation revealed no
archaeological features of significant antiquity within the area of the radio station.
Brick flooring was found in the trenches which is most likely to be associated with
the camp associated with the gun battery (CA 2016, 3).
2.4 A condition survey of the Scheduled Monument (BaRAS 2015) found that many
extant structures within it, were suffering from vandalism, graffiti and damage
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
caused by extensive vegetation growth. Some structures had collapsed and a few
were showing signs of localised cracking, although generally the structures were in
good structural condition (CA 2016, 2).
3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
3.1 The objectives of the archaeological works were:
• to monitor groundworks, and to identify, investigate and record all significant buried
archaeological deposits revealed on the site during the course of the development
groundworks;
• at the conclusion of the project, to produce an integrated archive for the project work
and a report setting out the results of the project and the archaeological conclusions
that can be drawn from the recorded data.
4. METHODOLOGY
4.1 The fieldwork followed the methodology set out within the WSI (CA 2018). An
archaeologist was present during intrusive groundworks comprising the excavation
of 146 postholes, measuring approximately 0.3m in diameter, for the installation of a
new fence around the perimeter of the monument (see Fig. 2).
4.2 Where archaeological deposits were encountered written, graphic and photographic
records were compiled in accordance with CA Technical Manual 1: Fieldwork
Recording Manual.
4.3 The archive from the watching brief is currently held by CA at their offices in Kemble
and will be deposited in Bristol’s Museums, Galleries & Archives. A summary of
information from this project set out within Appendix B will be entered onto the
OASIS online database of archaeological projects in Britain.
5. RESULTS (FIGS 2-3)
5.1 No features or deposits of archaeological interest were observed during
groundworks and, despite visual scanning of spoil, no artefactual was recovered.
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
The following is a brief summary of the contexts observed. For a more detail
description, and measurements, see Appendix A.
5.2 The natural geological substrate consisting of light yellow clay and limestone brash
was encountered in all excavated postholes between approximately 0.2m to 0.4m
bpgl. Within postholes 4, 5, 14-67, 70-73, 76, 77, 8 and 85, the natural substrate
was overlain by dark grey-brown silt subsoil measuring up to c.0.3m in thickness.
This was in turn covered by topsoil. Within postholes 6-13, 68, 69, 74, 75, 78-83 and
86-146, subsoil was not present and the natural substrate was covered directly by
topsoil.
5.3 Exceptions to the above are postholes 1, 2 and 3, where subsoil was overlain by a
modern gravel makeup deposit, which was in turn covered by tarmac.
6. DISCUSSION
6.1 Despite the archaeological potential of the application area (see archaeological
background above), the watching brief identified no archaeological remains within
the area of observed groundworks. The limited scale of the completed groundworks
precludes any statement on the presence or condition of any of the aforementioned
remains in this location.
7. CA PROJECT TEAM
Fieldwork was undertaken by Monica Fombellida, Mathew Coman and Adam
Howard. The report was written by Sara-Jayne Boughton. The illustrations were
prepared by Rosanna Price. The archive has been compiled and prepared for
deposition by Hazel O’Neill. The project was managed for CA by Richard Young.
8. REFERENCES
BaRAS (Bristol and Region Archaeological Services) 2001 Archaeological evaluation at
Purdown Radio Station, Eastville, Bristol, BaRAS Report no. 933/2001
BaRAS (Bristol and Region Archaeological Services) 2015 Condition Survey at Purdown
HAA Battery, Eastville, Bristol, BaRAS Report
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
BGS (British Geological Survey) 2018 Geology of Britain Viewer
http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html Accessed 10 April 2019
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2018 Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) Battery, Stoke Park
Estate, Bristol: Written Scheme of Investigation
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2016 Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) Battery, Stoke Park
Estate, Bristol: Conservation Management Plan, CA Report No. 150762
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS
Trench No.
Context No.
Type Context interpretation
Description Diameter (m)
Depth/ thickness (m)
1 100 Layer Tarmac Grey tarmac 0.6 0.1 1 101 Layer Make-up Dark grey soil with gravel 0.6 0.2 1 102 Layer Subsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.6 0.25 1 103 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.6 0.25 2 200 Layer Tarmac Grey tarmac 0.6 0.1 2 201 Layer Make-up Dark grey soil with gravel 0.6 0.2 2 202 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.6 0.25 2 203 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.6 0.25 3 300 Layer Tarmac Grey tarmac 0.3 0.1 3 301 Layer Make-up Dark grey soil with gravel 0.3 0.25 3 302 Layer Subsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 3 303 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 0.15 4 400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 4 401 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 4 402 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.2 5 500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.25 5 501 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 5 502 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.15 6 600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 6 601 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.4 7 700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 7 701 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.5 8 800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 8 801 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.5 9 900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 9 901 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.5 10 1000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 10 1001 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.45 11 1100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 11 1101 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.4 12 1200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 12 1201 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.45 13 1300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 13 1301 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 14 1400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 14 1401 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 14 1402 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 15 1500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 15 1501 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 15 1502 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 16 1600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 16 1601 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 16 1602 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 17 1700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 17 1701 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
17 1702 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 18 1800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 18 1801 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 18 1802 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 19 1900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 19 1901 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 19 1902 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 20 2000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 20 2001 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 20 2002 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 21 2100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 21 2101 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 21 2102 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 22 1800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 22 1801 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 22 1802 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 23 1900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 23 1901 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 23 1902 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 24 2000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 24 2001 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 24 2002 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 25 2100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 25 2101 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 25 2102 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 26 2600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 26 2601 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 26 2602 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 27 2700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 27 2701 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 27 2702 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 28 2800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 28 2801 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 28 2802 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 29 2900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 29 2901 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 29 2902 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.05 30 3000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 30 3001 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.0.25 30 3002 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 31 3100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.14 31 3101 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.26 31 3102 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.2 32 3200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 32 3201 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.25 32 3202 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 33 3300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.16 33 3301 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.25 33 3302 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.09 34 3400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.16 34 3401 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.2
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
34 3402 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.14 35 3500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.1 35 3501 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.26 35 3502 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.2 36 3000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 36 3001 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.22 36 3002 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.23 37 3700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 37 3701 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.22 37 3702 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.23 38 3800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 38 3801 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.22 38 3802 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.2 39 3900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 39 3901 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 39 3902 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 40 4000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 40 4001 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 40 4002 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 41 4100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 41 4101 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 41 4102 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 42 4200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 42 4201 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 42 4202 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 43 4300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 43 4301 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 43 4302 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 44 4400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 44 4401 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 44 4402 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 45 4500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 45 4501 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 45 4502 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 46 4600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 46 4601 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 46 4602 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 47 4700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 47 4701 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 47 4702 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 48 4800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 48 4801 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 48 4802 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 49 4900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 49 4901 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 49 4902 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 50 5000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 50 5001 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 50 5002 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 51 5100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 51 5101 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
51 5102 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 52 5200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 52 5201 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.3 52 5202 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.3 53 5300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 53 5301 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 53 5302 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 54 5400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 54 5401 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 54 5402 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 55 5500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 55 5501 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 55 5502 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 56 5600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 56 5601 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 56 5602 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 57 5700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 57 5701 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 57 5702 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 58 5800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 58 5801 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 58 5802 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 59 5900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 59 5901 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 59 5902 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 60 6000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 60 6001 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 60 6002 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 61 6100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 61 6101 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 61 6102 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 62 6200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 62 6201 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 62 6202 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 63 6300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 63 6301 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 63 6302 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 64 6400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 64 6401 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 64 6402 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 65 6500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 65 6501 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 65 6502 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 66 6600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 66 6601 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 66 6602 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 67 6700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 67 6701 Layer Subsoil Mid brown yellow silt clay 0.3 0.24 67 6702 Layer Natural Mid grey yellow silt clay 0.3 >0.1 68 6800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 68 6801 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.6
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
69 6900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.25 69 6901 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
70 7000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 70 7001 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.32
71 7100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.21 71 7101 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.32
72 7200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.25 72 7201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
73 7300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.14 73 7301 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.38
74 7400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.24 74 7401 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
75 7500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.23 75 7501 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
76 7600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.23 76 7601 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
77 7700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 77 7701 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.4
78 7800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.26 78 7801 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.2
79 7900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.26 79 7901 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
80 8000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.24 80 8001 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.33
81 8100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 81 8101 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
82 8200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 82 8201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
83 8300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 83 8301 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.32
84 8400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.24 84 8401 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.2
85 8500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.23 85 8501 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.2
86 8600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.25 86 8601 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
87 8700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.25 87 8701 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
88 8800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.15 88 8801 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.29
89 8900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.16 89 8901 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.39
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Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
90 9000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.18 90 9001 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.39
91 9100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 91 9101 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.39
92 9200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.29 92 9201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
93 9200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.23 93 9201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.32
94 9200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.21 94 9201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.34
95 9200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 95 9201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.34
96 9200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.24 96 9201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.26
97 9200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.25 97 9201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.25
98 9200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.28 98 9201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.2
99 9200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 99 9201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.25
100 10000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 100 10001 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
101 10100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 101 10101 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
102 10200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 102 10201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
103 10300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 103 10301 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
104 10400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 104 10401 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
105 10500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 105 10501 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
106 10600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 106 10601 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
107 10700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 107 10701 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
108 10800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 108 10801 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
109 10900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 109 10901 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
110 11000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.22 110 11001 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
© Cotswold Archaeology
14
Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
111 11100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.22 111 11101 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
112 11200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.29 112 11201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
113 11300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.29 113 11301 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.32
114 11400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 114 11401 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.24
115 11500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 115 11501 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.24
116 11600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 116 11601 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
117 11700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 117 11701 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.32
118 11800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.25 118 11801 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
119 11900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 119 11901 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.4
120 12000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 120 12001 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.42
121 12100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.19 121 12101 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
122 12200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 122 12201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.35
123 12300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 123 12301 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.4
124 12400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 124 12401 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.4
125 12500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.23 125 12501 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.4
126 12600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.23 126 12601 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.4
127 12700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.2 127 12701 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.4
128 12800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 128 12801 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
129 12900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.28 129 12901 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
130 13000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.29 130 13001 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
131 13100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 131 13101 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
© Cotswold Archaeology
15
Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
132 13200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 132 13201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
133 13300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 133 13301 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
134 13400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 134 13401 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
135 13500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 135 13501 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
136 13600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 136 13601 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
137 13700 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 137 13701 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
138 13800 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 138 13801 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
139 13900 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 139 13901 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
140 14000 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 140 14001 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
141 14100 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 141 14101 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
142 14200 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 142 14201 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
143 14300 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 143 14301 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
144 14400 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 144 14401 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
145 14500 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 145 14501 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
146 14600 Layer Topsoil Dark grey brown silt clay 0.3 0.3 146 14601 Layer Natural Light yellow clay silt and limestone
brash 0.3 >0.3
© Cotswold Archaeology
16
Purdown HAA Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief
APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM
PROJECT DETAILS Project Name Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery, Stoke Park, Bristol
Short description
An archaeological watching brief was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology during groundworks associated with the excavation of 146 postholes for the installation of a fence around the external perimeter of Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol. No features or deposits of archaeological interest were observed during groundworks and no artefactual material was recovered.
Project dates November and December 2018 Project type Watching Brief Previous work
Archaeological Evaluation (BaRAS 2001) Condition Survey (BaRAS 2015) Conservation Management Plan (CA 2016)
Future work Unknown
PROJECT LOCATION Site Location Stoke Park State, Purdown, Bristol Study area (M2/ha) 1.1ha Site co-ordinates 361134 176470
PROJECT CREATORS Name of organisation Cotswold Archaeology Project Brief originator None Project Design (WSI) originator Cotswold Archaeology Project Manager Richard Young Project Supervisor Monica Fombellida, Matt Coman, Adam Howard MONUMENT TYPE Anti-Aircraft Battery SIGNIFICANT FINDS none PROJECT ARCHIVES Intended final location of archive: Content: Paper Museum Bristol Museum, Galleries &
Archives Trench sheets, photograph registers
Digital Museum Bristol Museum, Galleries & Archives
Digital photos
BIBLIOGRAPHY CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2019 Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery, Stoke Park State, Bristol: Archaeological Watching Brief. CA typescript report 18725
THE VALEOF GLAMORGAN
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CotswoldArchaeology
N
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.
0 1km
1
Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) Battery, Stoke Park Estate, Bristol
Site location plan
PROJECT NO.DATESCALE@A4
DRAWN BYCHECKED BYAPPROVED BY
664907.12.181:25,000
RPDJBREY
Andover 01264 347630
Cirencester 01285 771022
Exeter 01392 573970
Milton Keynes 01908 564660
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
© Crown copyright and database rights 2018Ordnance Survey 0100031673
176000176000
174000174000
178000178000
361000361000
363000363000
359000359000
Site
Scheduled Monument
PH1
PH50
PH100
PH146
36
10
00
36
11
00
36
12
00
176400
176500
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DRAWN BY
CHECKED BY
APPROVED BY
RP
DJB
REY
PROJECT NO.
DATE
SCALE@A3
6649
07.12.18
1:750
PROJECT TITLE
Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) Battery,
Stoke Park Estate, Bristol
FIGURE TITLE
Location of observed groundworks,
showing area of Scheduled Monument
FIGURE NO.
2
Andover
Cirencester
Exeter
Milton Keynes
www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
w
e
01264 347630
01285 771022
01392 826185
01908 564660
Posthole (PH)
Area of Scheduled Monument
© Crown copyright and database rights 2018 Ordnance Survey 0100031673
25m0
CotswoldArchaeology
PROJECT TITLE
FIGURE TITLE
FIGURE NO.
3 & 4
Purdown Heavy Anti-Aircraft (HAA) Battery, Stoke Park Estate, Bristol
Photographs
4
3
PROJECT NO.DATESCALE@A4
DRAWN BYCHECKED BYAPPROVED BY
664907.12.18N/A
RPDJBREY
Andover 01264 347630
Cirencester 01285 771022
Exeter 01392 573970
Milton Keynes 01908 564660
w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk
Photo of south-east external fencing, looking west
Representative posthole: posthole 72, looking south-east (0.5m scales)