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Purbanchal University

MCA Syllabus

Year: I Semester: I

Subject

Code

Subject Name Credit Lecture Tutorial Lab Total

MCA111 Discrete Mathematical Structures 3 3 1 - 4

MCA112 Web Programming 3 3 1 2 6

MCA113 Operating System 3 3 1 2 6

MCA114 Advanced Database Management System

3 3 1 2 6

MCA115 Organizational Behavior & Human Resource Management

4 4 1 - 5

Total Credits 16 16 5 6 27

Discrete Mathematical Structures

Semester: I Full Marks: 100

Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20 Final Exam: 80

Course Objective: The basic objective of the course is to impart knowledge to student on

mathematical reasoning, combinatorial analysis, discrete structures, algorithmic thinking, and

application and modeling so that students are able to learn a particular set of mathematical facts and

how to apply them.

Course Contents:

1. Fundamentals: Sets and Subsets, Operations on sets, Sequences, Division in the integers

[5 hrs]

2. Logic: Propositions and logical operations, Conditional statements, Predicate and Quantifiers,

Methods of proof, Mathematical induction. [4 hrs]

3. Counting: Permutations and combinations, Pigeonhole Principle, Recurrence relation,

Solving recurrence relation by substitution [4 hrs]

4. Relations and Digraphs: Product sets and Partitions, Relations and Digraphs, Paths in relations

and diagraphs, Properties of relations, Equivalence relations, Computer representation of relations

and diagraphs, Manipulation of relations [6 hrs]

5. Functions: Functions, Composition of functions, Permutation functions [4 hrs]

6. Graph Theory: Graphs, Special families of graphs, Matrix representation of graphs, Euler

paths and circuits, Hamiltonian paths and circuits [5 hrs]

7. Trees: Trees, Tree searching, Minimal spanning trees [5 hrs]

8. Algebraic Structures: General properties, Semi-groups, monoids groups, permutation

groups, subgroups; homomorphism and isomorphism, group codes, error correcting codes

[8 hrs]

9. Boolean Algebra: Definition and properties, Boolean functions, representing Boolean

functions, logic gates, minimization of circuits [4 hrs]

Reference Books:

1. Kolman, Busby & Ross, “Discrete Mathematical Structures”, PHI

2. Trembly J. P. & Manohar P., “Discrete Mathematical Structures with Applications to Computer

Science”, McGraw Hill

3. John Truss, "Discrete Mathematical Structures for Computer Science", Addison Wesley

4. Seymour Lipchutz, Marc Lipson, "Discrete Mathematics", Tata McGraw Hill

Web Programming


Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20+20

Final Exam: 60

Course Objective: This course introduces students to advanced and modern technologies being

used in web solutions. This course also helps students to understand how these technologies related

to each other and choose best technologies to be used for web solutions. Course Contents:

1. Introduction 7 Hrs How Internet Works (Client/Server Architecture, Web-Server, Web-Client, DNS, ISP). Web-

Hosting (Web Space, FTP), Client-side and Server-side Scripting 2. Server-side Scripting (PHP): 13 Hrs

Introduction, Basic Syntax, Types, Variables, Constants, Operators, Control Structures, Functions,

Error Handling, HTTP Authentication, Cookie, Session, Date and Time Functions, String Functions,

HTTP Functions, Database (MySQL) Functions

3. XML 13 Hrs

XML Introduction, Well-formed XML, XML Document Type Definitions, XML

Schema, Namespaces, CSS, XSL/XSLT, DOM, SAX Parsers 4. Advanced Technology 6 Hrs

Introduction, PHP Framework (Code-Igniter), JavaScript Framework (JQuery), DHTML

with JQuery, Simple AJAX with JQuery, SOA, XML-Web Services & SOAP, Wireless

Programming & WML

5. Case Study 6 Hrs Search Engines, Digital Libraries, E-commerce Applications, M-commerce, Content Syndication, Content Management System, RSS, and Digital Signature

Reference Books:

1. Internet and Worldwide Web: How to Program, H Deitel, P Deitel &GoldsBerg, Prentice Hall, 3rd Edition.

2. Webmaster in a Nutshell, S Spainhour& B Eckstein, O'Reilly, 1999, 2nd Edition 3. Core PHP Programming: Using PHP to Build dynamic Web Sites, Leon Atkinson, Prentice Hall,

2nd Edition 4. COM/DCOM Unleashed, Randy Abernety, SAMS Series Books, 1st Edition

Operating System

Course Objective: This course is to introduce both the fundamental principles and the advance

concepts for the development of multiprogramming and multiprocessing Operating Systems. It

starts from history, concepts of processes and threads and incorporates basic concepts of distributed

systems and real time systems towards the end. Course Contents:

1. Introduction of Operating System 4 Hrs

Functions of operating system

Types of operating system

History of operating system

Structure of operating system

2. Process management 8 Hrs

Thread and process concept

Inter process communication (Critical-section problem, solving critical-

section problem with busy-waiting and sleep and wakeup strategies,

Semaphores, Monitors)

Process scheduling algorithms 3. Deadlock 4 Hrs

Principles of Deadlock

Resource status modeling

Conditions for deadlock

Methods for handling deadlocks (Prevention, Avoidance, Detection and Recovery) 4. Memory Management 8 Hrs

Introduction of memory management

Basic memory management mechanism

Memory allocation

Swapping and paging

Virtual memory

Page replacement algorithm

Segmentation with paging

5. File System 4 Hrs

Introduction to files

Directories

File system implementation 6. Input/Output 5 Hrs

Principles of I/O hardware

Principles of I/O software

Disks structure and scheduling

Clocks

Terminals

7. Protection and Security 4 Hrs

Protection mechanism (Access control list, capability list)

User authentication

Frauds and attacks

Trusted system

8. Distributed Operating System 8 Hrs

Concept, advantages and types of distributed operating system

Design issues in distributed operating system

Communication and synchronization

Client-server computing

System state and event precedence

Algorithms for distributed control (Mutual exclusion,

deadlock) Distributed file system

Security

Case Study: LINUX, Windows and Mac (History, design principle, Kernel model, inter-process

communication, Process management, scheduling, memory management, file system, Input and

output, security)

Reference Books:

Modern Operating System, Andrew S. Tanenbaum, PHI

Operating System Design & Implementation, Andrew S. Tanenbaum, PHI

Operating System, Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne, WILLY

Operating Systems, William Stallings, 4th Edition, Pearson Education

Operating Systems - Modern Perspective, Gary Nutt, 2nd Ed., Pearson Education

The C Odyssey Unix - The Open, Boundless C, M. Ghandi, T. Shetty, Rajiv Shah, BPB

Publications

Operating System Projects using Windows NT, Gary Nutt, Pearson Education

Advanced Unix Programming Environment, R. L. Stevens, Pearson Education

Beginning Linux Programming, Stones Richard, Matthew Neil, Wrox Publications

Advance Database Management System


Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20+ 20 Final Exam: 60

Course Objective: After completing the course student will be able to design and understand the

thorough implementation of Database System. Course Contents: 1. Introduction to DBMS Implementation 2 hrs Overview of a Database Management System, Data-Definition Language commands, Overview of query processing, Storage management overview, Main-memory buffers and the buffer manager, Transaction processing, Query processor, Information integration overview 2. Application Development 5 hrs Database application development: Accessing databases from Applications, JDBC, SQLJ, Stored

procedures Internet applications: HTML documents, XML documents, Three-tier application architecture, The middle-tier 3. Data Storage 5 hrs The memory hierarchy, Secondary storage, RAID, Disk space management, Disk failures,

Recovery from disk crashes 4. Index Structures 6 hrs Index on sequential files, Secondary indexes, B-trees, Hash tables, Overview of multi-dimensional

indexes 5. Query Execution 6 hrs Algebra for queries, Physical query plan operators, Nested-loop, Joins, Index based algorithms, Buffer management 6. The Query Compiler 2 hrs Parsing, Algebraic laws for improving query plans 7. Coping with System Failures 5 hrs Issues and models for resilient operation, Undo / Redo logging, Protection against media failures 8. Concurrency Control 6 hrs Serial and serializable schedules, Conflict serializability, Enforcing serializability by locks, Concurrency control by timestamps, Concurrency control by validation 9. Parallel and Distributed Databases 2 hrs Introduction, Architecture for parallel databases, Parallel query optimization, Distributed database architecture 10. Object Database Systems 1 hr 11. Deductive Databases 1 hr 12. Data Warehousing and Decision Support 1 hr

13. Data Mining 1 hr 14. Information Retrieval and XML Data 1 hr

15. Spatial Data Management 1 hr Reference Books:

1) R. Ramakrishnan, J. Gehrke, Database Management Systems, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill

2) Hector Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Jennifer Widom, Database System

Implementation, Pearson Education Asia, 2000

Laboratory Work: 1. Installing database software (Oracle/MSQL/MYSQL) and practice on

following topics: SQL Statements (DML, DDL, DTL and DCL)

SQL Clauses (WHERE, ORDER BY, GROUP BY, HAVING)

SQL Operators (Logical Operators, Comparison Operators, LIKE, IN, IS NULL,

BETWEEN....AND) SQL Integrity Constraints (Primary/Foreign/Unique Key Constraint,

Check/Not NULL Constraints)

Other SQL concepts (Aliases, Group Functions, JOINS, VIEWS, Sub-query, Index, GRANT,

REVOKE) 2. Analyze query plan in database 3. Query optimization (indexing, partitions, and parallelism)

4. Query in distributed database environments using concept of link server in

homogeneous and heterogeneous environments (e.g. query oracle tables from

MSSQL and vice versa)

5. Practice concurrency control and transaction management in database

Organizational Behavior & Human Resource Management Semester: I Full Marks: 100

Credit Hr: 4 Internal: 20 Final Exam: 80

Course Contents:

I. Human Resource Management (HRM)

1. Concept, roots, human resource management and personnel management, changing HRM

environmental forces, new mandate for human resource management, staff vs line function

in management, organization of HRM functions. 4Hrs

2. HRM system, international model of HRM, concept and framework for strategic HRM, line

management responsibility for HRM, HRM and organizational performance. 3Hrs

3. Job analysis and human resource planning: Concept, purposes of job analysis, collecting job

analysis information, methods of job analysis, concept of HR planning methods and

techniques of determining HR requirements. 5Hrs.

4. Recruitment, selection and socialization: concepts, sources and methods of recruitment,

selection and its process, socialization in organization. 5 Hrs

5. Training and development: Concept of training and development, determining training

needs, methods of training and development--on-the-job and off-the-job training

development, evaluation of training programs. 6 Hrs

6. Performance evaluation: concept and purposes, process, methods and feedback of evaluation.

3Hrs

7. Compensation: Concept, considerations, establishing pay plan, job evaluation system,

steps and methods, incentives and benefit system in organization. 4 Hrs

II. Organizational Behavior (OB)

1. Concept, importance and assumptions of OB, five conceptual anchors of organizational

behavior, emerging trends in organizational behavior. 3 Hrs

2. Understanding individual behavior: concept, behavior as an input output system, emotions,

beliefs, attitudes, values, needs, motives and behavior at work. 3 Hrs

3. Perception and personality: concepts, perceptual process, attribution theory and errors,

perception and decision making, personality traits and characteristics, personality ad behavior,

major personality attributes influencing organizational behavior. 5 Hrs

4. Motivation and job satisfaction: concepts, theories of motivation – hierarchy of needs,

hygiene- motivation theory, McClelland’s theory, equity theory, goal setting and reinforcement

theory. 5Hrs

5. Leadership: concept, perspective of leadership, emerging approaches of leadership. 2 Hrs

6. Groups in organization: concept, types of groups, group processes. 2 Hrs

7. Communication: concept, process and method, communication networks, barrier to effective

communication, current issues in communication. 3 Hrs

8. Conflict: Concept, types of conflicts, approaches to conflict management, resolving conflict.

2 Hrs

9. Organizational change and development: concepts, forces for change, strategy for managing

planned change, Lewin Force Field Model, resistance to change, reducing resistance and

approaches to managing change, organizational development interventions, objectives and

goals of organizational development, the organizational development process and

prerequisites to organizational development. 5 Hrs

Reference Books:

1. De Cenzo, D. & Robbins, S., Human Resource Management, Seventh Edition, Wiley 2. Arnold, H. J. & Fieldman, D. C., Organizational Behaviour, Tata McGraw Hill, India 3. Robbins, S., Organizational Behaviour, McMillan, India 4. Luthans, F., Organizational Behaviour, Tata McGraw Hill 5. Adhikari, D. R., Human Resource Management, Text & Cases, Manakamana Publication,

Kathmandu 6. Adhikari, D. R., Organisational Behaviour, Buddha Academy, Kathmandu 7. Agrawal, G. R., Dynamics of Human Resource Management, M. K. Publishing

Year: I Semester: II Subject

Code


MCA121 Research Methodology 3 3 1 - 4 MCA122 Visual Programming Language & .Net

.NET 3 3 - 3 6

MCA123 Software Engineering 3 3 1 - 4 MCA124 Accounting & Financial Management

3 3 1 - 4

MCA 125 Electives 3 3 - -

MCA126 Project-I 3 - - 4 4 Total

Credits 18

Note: The syllabus of Elective subjects will be provided during the beginning of this semester.

Research Methodology

Semester: II Full Marks: 100 Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20

Final Exam: 80

General Objective:

State and explain the concept of research methods which can be applied to any research

studies.

Specific Objective:

Provide knowledge to the students about different type of research, their process and

applications. Familiarize the students with different types of data collection techniques and

their applications. Develop an understanding of ethical issues and required consideration for

their research studies. Provide skills for the selection of sampling technique, errors and

proper planning different sampling methods. Enable the research students in developing the most appropriate methodology for their research study.

Course Contents:

1. Introduction 4 Hrs Meaning

and Importance of Research, Classification of Research ,Research in Engineering Functions , The

Research Process, Research as a scientific Process, Issues governing Research Function, Listing

and description of Steps of research.

2. Research Design 4 Hrs

Meaning and Importance of Research Design, Classification of Research Design, The Research

Process, Variables, Hypothesis, Errors Affecting Research Design, Measurements and Scaling,

Reliability and validity test of research, Pilot test, field study, Issues Governing Research Design 3. Development of Research 9 Hrs

Selection of research topics, Research problem vs. research question, Meaning and Importance of

Research Proposal, Classification of Research Proposals, Components of a Research Proposal,

Manager-Researcher Contribution in Developing a Research Proposal, Evaluation a Research

Proposal, The Development of Research Issues Governing Proposal

4. Sampling Decisions 4 Hrs

Sampling Vs. Census, Sampling Techniques, Issues Governing Sampling Decisions 5. Data Collection Methods 8 Hrs

Meaning, Importance and Types of Data, Methods of Data Collection, Steps of Data processing

and Presentation, Various Methods of Data Collection 6. Data Reduction and Analysis 5 Hrs

Meaning and Importance of Data Reduction, Data Reduction Process, Selected Techniques of Data Analysis 7. Formatting the report 4 Hrs

Formatting a Report, Developing the Final Draft, Preparing for Citation and Referencing Making an Oral Presentation of a Report 8. Development of Research Proposal 3 Hrs Meaning and

Importance of research proposal ; the Development of Research Issues Governing Proposal;

Writing a research report- Developing an outline; Key elements of research proposal-

Objective, Introduction, Design or Rationale of work, Experimental Methods, Procedures,

Measurements, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Referencing and various formats for reference

writing of books and research papers; Publications in Research journals 9. Socio-Ethical Issues in Research 4 Hrs

Issues governing Research Function, Incorporating Socio-Ethical Issues in Research Impact of Social Issues in Research

. Reference Books:

1. Cooper & Schindler (2004), Business Research Methods, New Delhi, Tata McGraw Hill

Publishing Co.

2. Best, John W., Research In Education, Prentice Hall of India,

New Delhi

3. Wolf Howard K. & P. R Pant, Social Science Research & Thesis Writing, Research

Division, Kirtipur

4. Goode William J. & Paul K. Hatt, Methods in Social Research, McGraw Hill

Kogakusha Ltd.

5. Kothari, C. R., Research Methodology, 2nd Revised Edition, New International

Publisher

Visual Programming Language & .Net Semester: II Full Marks: 100

Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20+20 Final Exam: 60

Course Objective: To develop an understanding of how to design an effective graphical user

interface (GUI), how to analyze a problem and design a program structure to solve the problem

using an event driven programming language, Visual Basic and Visual Basic .Net. Course Contents: 1. Introduction: Character based system, Graphical User Interface, Visual Programming, Visual Interface components, Event Driven Programming [3 hrs]

2. Models of Interface design: Conceptual model, Implementation model, the manifest model,

modeling from users point of view [3 hrs] 3. The Form: Interface paradigms (Metaphor, Idioms and branding, Affordances), Child forms

(Usage of window space, Windows pollution), Platform dependence (Development platform, Multi-

Platform development, Interoperability) [5 hrs] 4. User-Computer Interaction: Mouse (Indirect manipulation, Mouse events Focus and cursor

hints), Selection (Indicating selection, Insertion and replacement, Additive selection, Group

selection), Gizmos Manipulation (Repositioning, Resizing, Reshaping, Visual feedback of

manipulation), Drag and Drop (Source and target, Problems and solutions, Drag and Drop

mechanism) [6 hrs]

5. The Cast: Menu Design Issue (Drop Down menus, Pop-up menus, Hierarchy of menu), Menus

and its types (Standard menus, Optional menus, System menu, Menu item variation), Dialog

Boxes (Dialog box basics, Suspension of interaction, Modal and Modeless dialog boxes, Problems

in Modeless dialog boxes, Different types of dialog boxes), Dialog box conventions (Caption bar,

Attributes, Terminating dialog boxes, Expanding dialog boxes, Cascading dialog boxes), Toolbars

(Advantages over menus, Momentary button and latching button, Customizing toolbars) [6 hrs] 6. .Net Programming [22 hrs]

Language Syntax, Data types, operators, Conditional Statements, Control Structures Concept of OOP (E.g. class, objects, methods, properties, encapsulation, inheritance,

overloading) ASP. Net Controls and Presentation Techniques Working with Forms and Control

Validation

Controls Web Site Navigation, Menu and View Controls

Data Grid and Repeater Emailing Concepts

Error Handling, Debugging and Tracing ASP.NET

Application Managing State in ASP.NET Application Enhancing Web Sites using Master Pages and Theme

Deploying

Application Reference Books:

1. Alan Cooper, The Essential of User Interface Design, Comdex Computer Publishing 2. Evangelos Petroutsos, Mark Ridgeway, Visual Basic .NET Developer’s Handbook, BPB

Publications

3. Evangelos Petroutsos, Mastering Visual Basic 6, BPB Publications 4. Tony Gaddis, Kip Irvine, Bruce Denton, Starting Out With Visual Basic .NET

Programming, Dreamtech Press 5. Wiley,Beginning Visual C# 2008, Wrox 6. Fergal Grimes, Microsoft .Net for Programmers, (SPI) 7. Balagurusamy, Programming with C#, (TMH)

8. Mark Michaels, Essential C# 3.0: For .NET Framework 3.5, 2/e, Pearson Education

Software Engineering


Final Exam: 80

Course Objective: This course would provide students with an over view of software

engineering and would enable to understand and appreciate the following. Course Contents:

I. Introduction to Software Engineering 5 hrs

Need of software engineering, software vs. hardware characteristics, scope and ethical issues

Software Process Models: waterfall, spiral, prototyping, fourth generation techniques, win-win

spiral model, agile methodology

2. Software Requirement and Specification 5 hrs Requirement

elicitation (traditional and modern approach), requirements analysis modeling techniques,

functional and nonfunctional requirements, preparing a SRS document

3. Software Project Planning 8 hrs Objectives,

Decomposition Techniques: s/w sizing, problem based estimation, process based estimation,

Cost Estimation Models: COCOMO model, the software equation, System Analysis: principles

of structured analysis, risk analysis, requirement analysis, DFD, entity relationship diagram,

data dictionary

4. Software Design 5 hrs Objectives,

principles, concepts, design mythologies: data design, architecture design, procedural design,

object–oriented concepts

5. Software Quality Assurance 5 hrs Quality

concepts, software quality assurance activities, software reviews, formal technical reviews,

software reliability

6. Software Configuration Management 6 hrs Basic

concepts, SCM process, identification of objects in software configuration, version control,

change control, configuration audit, status reporting, SCM standards

7. Software Testing 6 hrs Objectives,

principles, testability, test cases: white box & black box testing, testing strategies: verification

& validation, unit test, integration testing, validation testing, system testing

8. Software Evolution 5 hrs Software

maintenance, characteristics of maintainable software, reengineering, legacy software, software

reuse

Reference Books:

1. Roger S. Pressman, “Software Engineering – A Practitioner’s Approach”, McGraw Hill 2. R. E. Fairly, “Software Engineering Concepts”, McGraw Hill 3. Sommerville I., “Software Engineering”, 6th Edition PEA

Accounting & Financial Management


Final Exam: 80 Course Objective: The objective of the course is to provide the students with an understanding of

the concepts, principles, and techniques of Accounting and Financial Management and their

application in real life situations. It specifically aims at imparting the students with necessary

knowledge and skills required for understanding accounting and making financial decisions.

Course Contents:

Nature of Financial Management, financial statements and cash flows, financial analysis, time

value of money, valuation of bonds, valuation of stocks, cost of capital, capital budgeting, working

capital management, and dividend policy. 1. Introduction of Accounting and Financial Management 3 Hrs

Meaning of accounting and finance, difference between finance and accounting, Importance of managerial finance, finance functions, finance in the organizational structure of the firm, goals of

the firm. 2. Financial Statements and Cash Flows 5 Hrs

Understanding financial statements: the balance sheet, the income statement, and analysis of cash flows. 3. Financial Analysis 5 Hrs Meaning of financial statement analysis, types and method of financial statement analysis. Financial ratio analysis: Liquidity ratios, efficiency ratios, profitability rations, activity ratio. 4. Time Value of Money 4 Hrs Meaning and importance of time value of money. Future value and compounding, present value and discounting, finding out the discount rate, finding out the number of periods, and amortization. 5. Valuation of Bonds 4 Hrs Meaning and nature of bond, key features of bond, financial asset valuation, valuation of bond, yield to maturity, current yield, capital gains yield, and semiannual bonds. 6. Valuation of Stocks 5 Hrs Features of common stock, common stock valuation, and normal growth, zero growth, and super normal growth, Corporation, valuation of preferred stock. 7. Cost of Capital 4 Hrs Cost of capital components, cost of debt, preferred stock, and equity, and weighted average cost of capital. 8. Capital Budgeting 6 Hrs Ranking investment proposals: payback, discounted payback, net present value, internal rate of return, and modified IRR. 9. Working Capital Management 5 Hrs Concept and importance of working capital, working capital cash flow cycle. 10. Dividend Policy 4 Hrs Dividend payments, payment procedure, factors influencing dividend policy, stock dividends, and stock splits.

Reference Books:

1. Radhe Shyam Pradhan, Financial Management, Buddha Academic Publishers, Kathmandu 2. Eugene F. Brigham, Louis C. Gapenski & Michael C. Ehrhardt, Financial Management:

Theory & Practice, Harcourt Asia PTE. Ltd., Delhi 3. James C., Van Horne, Financial Management & Policy, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi 4. Radhe S. Pradhan, Research in Nepalese Finance, Buddha Academic Publishers &

Distributors, Kathmandu

Kantipur City College

Putalisadak, Kathmandu Affiliated to Purbanchal University

School of Science and Technology

Year: II Semester: III

Note: The syllabus of Elective subjects will provide during the beginning of this semester.

Subject

Code


MCA211 Optimization Technique 3 3 1 - 4

MCA212 Design & Analysis of Algorithm 3 3 1 - 4

MCA213 Software Project Management 3 3 1 - 4

MCA214 Marketing Management 3 3 1 - 4

MCA215 Elective-II 3

MCA216 Project-II 3 - - 4 4

Total Credits 18

Optimization Technique

Semester: III Full Marks: 100

Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20

Final Exam: 80

Course Objective: After completing this subject, students will be able to apply the concept of

linear programming, duality theory, assignment method, queuing theory, etc. to solve real life

business problems.

Course Contents:

1. The Linear Programming Problem [7 Hrs]

Introduction; Formulation of linear programming problem; Benefits and limitations of linear

programming; Graphical solutions to linear programming problem; Standard LP form and its

basic solutions; Simplex method; Artificial variable techniques: Two-phase method, Big-M

method.

2. Duality in Linear Programming [6 Hrs]

Concept of duality; Fundamental properties of duality; duality and simplex method; Dual-

simplex method.

3. Transportation Problem [7 Hrs]

Introduction; Mathematical formulation of transportation model; Transportation problem as a

linear programming problem; Finding initial basic feasible solutions: North-West corner, Least-

cost method, and Vogel’s approximation methods; Moving towards optimality; Degeneracy.

4. Assignment Problem [7 Hrs]

Introduction; Mathematical formulation of assignment model; Solution of assignment problem;

Multiple optimal solutions; Unbalanced assignment problem; Hungarian algorithm;

Maximization in assignment model; Restrictions on assignment.

5. Integer Linear Programming [7 Hrs]

Introduction; Gomory’s All - I.P.P. method; Construction of Gomory’s constraints; Fractional

Cut method - All integer; Fractional Cut method - Mixed integer; Branch and Bound method.

6. Queuing Theory [6 Hrs]

Introduction; Definition of terms in queuing model; Single infinite channels; Production model:

Multi-channel service infinite queue, Finite population model.

7. Project Management [5 Hrs]

Introduction to CPM and PERT; Basic differences between CPM and PERT; CPM/PERT

network components and precedence relationship; Critical path analysis: Forward pass method,

Backward pass method.

Reference Books:

1. "Operation Research", Kanti Swarup, P.K. Gupta, Man Mohan, Sultan Chand & Sons

2. "Operation Research – An Introduction", Hamdy A. Taha, Prentice Hall of India

3. "Operation Research – Theory & Applications", J. K. Sharma, Macmillan

Question Pattern:

Group-A: Long Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 2 out of 3) [2×16=32]

Group-B: Short Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 6 out of 8) [6×8=48]

Design & Analysis of Algorithm



Final Exam: 80

Course Objective: After completing this subject, students will be able to explore techniques for the

design and analysis of algorithms. This course covers the topics such as asymptotic analysis, divide

and conquer, greedy, dynamic, backtracking, number theory and introduction to NP-Complete

problems.

Course Contents:

1. Introduction: Definition of an algorithm, characteristics of an algorithm, asymptotic notations,

RAM model, common mathematical functions, introduction to algorithm design and analysis.

[3 Hrs]

2. Elementary Data Structures: Stacks, queues, tree, binary tree, linked list, graph, graph

representations. [4 Hrs]

3. Divide and Conquer: The general method, binary search, finding the maximum and minimum,

merge sort, quick sort, selection in worst case linear time. [7 Hrs]

4. The Greedy Method: The general method, Knapsack problem, job sequencing, minimum cost

spanning tree: Prim’s algorithm, Kruskal algorithm, single source shortest paths.

[6 Hrs]

5. Dynamic Programming: The general method, 0/1 Knapsack problem, matrix chain

multiplication, multistage graph, all pairs shortest paths, Traveling Salesman Problem.

[7 Hrs]

6. Backtracking: The general method, the 8-Queens problem, graph coloring, Knapsack problem.

[6 Hrs]

7. Number-Theoretic Algorithms: Elementary number-theoretic notions, greatest common

divisor, modular arithmetic, solving modular linear equations, the Chinese remainder theorem.

[6 Hrs]

8. NP-Completeness: Introduction to NP-complete problems, classes P and NP, Cook’s theorem,

coping intractability by approximation algorithms. [6 Hrs]

Reference Books:

1. "Introduction to Algorithms", Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest,

Clifford Stein, Prentice Hall of India

2. "Fundamental of Computer Algorithms", Ellis Horowitz, Sartaj Sahani, Sanguthevar

Rajasekaran, Galgotia

3. "Algorithms in C++", R. Sedgewick, Addison-Wesley

Question Pattern:



Software Project Management



Final Exam: 80

Course Objective: After accomplishing this course, students will be able to apply software project

management techniques.

Course Contents:

1. Introduction to Software Project Management [4 Hrs]

Introduction, projects and software projects, problems with software projects, project phases and

life cycle, ,management and management control, stakeholders, an overview of project planning.

2. Project Analysis [8 Hrs]

Introduction, strategic assessment, technical assessment, economic analysis: Present worth,

future worth, annual worth, internal rate of return (IRR) method, benefit-cost ratio analysis,

including uniform gradient cash flow and comparison of mutually exclusive alternatives.

3. Project Planning and Scheduling [8 Hrs]

Objectives of activity planning, Work breakdown structure, Bar chart, Network planning model:

Critical path method (CPM), Program evaluation and review technique (PERT), Precedence

diagramming method (PDM), Shortening project duration, Identifying critical activities.

4. Risk Management [3 Hrs]

Introduction, nature and identification of risk, risk analysis, evaluation of risk to the schedule

using Z-values.

5. Resource Allocation [3 Hrs]

Identifying resource requirements, resource allocation, resource smoothening and resource

balancing.

6. Monitoring and Control [4 Hrs]

Introduction, collecting data, visualizing progress, cost monitoring, earned value analysis, project

control.

7. Managing Contracts [3 Hrs]

Introduction, types of contract, negotiating a software contract, principles of software contract

management.

8. Organization Behavior and Personnel Management [5 Hrs]

Understanding behavior, recruitment, selection, training, motivation and motivation theories,

leadership and leadership styles, becoming a team, working in groups, decision making,

organizational structures.

9. Software Quality Management [4 Hrs]

Introduction, software reliability, software quality management system, ISO 9000.

10. Software Configuration Management [3 Hrs]

Introduction, need, basic configuration, management function, baseline, configuration

management responsibilities.

Reference Books:

1. "Software Project Management", Mike Cottrell, Bob Hughes, Inclination/Thomas Computer

Press

2. "Introduction to Software Project Management & Quality Assurance", Darrel Ince, I. Sharp, M.

Woodman, Tata McGraw Hill

3. "Software Project Management: A Unified Framework", Walker Royce, Addison-Wesley, An

Imprint of Pearson Education

4. "Managing the Software Process", Watts S. Humphrey, Addison-Wesley, An Imprint of Pearson

Education

5. "Engineering Economy", Willian G. Sullivan, James A. Bontadelli, Wkub M. Wicks, Pearson

Education Asia

6. "Project Planning & Control with PERT & CPM", B. C. Punmia, K. K. Khandelwal, Laxmi

Publications (P) Ltd.

Question Pattern:



MARKETING MANAGEMENT



Final Exam: 80

Course Objective: The objective of the course is to increase the knowledge and enhance the skills

to make relative to marketing decisions in the field of marketing by assessing and analyzing

marketing opportunities and designing appropriate marketing strategies in a dynamic and

competitive business environment.

Course Contents:

1.Marketing in Changing World Environment (4 Hrs)

Meaning of marketing; marketing tasks; marketing management; marketing management

philosophies; dynamism in business and marketing; marketing mix components and decision

areas in marketing; marketing environment; challenges in new millennium; social and ethical

issues of marketing management in the field of IT.

2.Marketing Research and Marketing Information System (3 Hrs)

Marketing research; marketing research process and areas; components of marketing

information system; new development in IT; database marketing.

3.Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Strategy for Competitive Advantages

(5 Hrs)

Levels and patterns of market segmentation; segmentation of consumer and business markets;

evaluation and selection of market segments; product positioning strategies, concept and

application of unique selling proposition.

4. Consumer Market Behavior and Customer Analysis (3 Hrs)

Consumer buying behavior; buyer decision process; business market and business buyer

behavior; customer value, costs and satisfaction; cost of lost customer and customer retention;

customer relationship management; introduction to government marketing and service

marketing.

5. Dealing with Competition (3 Hrs)

Identification and analysis of competitors.

6.Market Analysis (3 Hrs) Market size; growth; profitability; cost structures; identification of key success factors.

7.Product Policy and New Product Development (5 Hrs)

Concept of product; classification of products; major product decisions; product line and

product mix; branding; packaging and labeling; product life cycle strategies; new product

development process; consumer adoption and diffusion of innovation processes; product line

and mix strategies; brand building and brand equity; service product management.

8.Pricing Strategies (3 Hrs)

Pricing policies and strategies; new product pricing; product mix pricing; price adjustment

strategies; initiating and responding to price changes in the market.

9.Distribution Channels and Physical Distribution Decisions (3 Hrs)

Marketing channel decisions; channel designs and selection; distribution nature and trends;

channel role, power, and conflicts.

10. Integrated Marketing Communication Strategies (5 Hrs)

Communication objectives; development of effective communication; communication mix:

advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations, and direct marketing; selection

of promotion strategies.

11. Marketing Planning and Control (5 Hrs)

Strategic and tactical marketing plans; planning tools: BCG and GE matrix and portfolio

models; the planning process; feedback and control.

12. Paper Development and Presentation on Current Marketing Issues (3 Hrs)

Reference Books:

1. "Marketing Management", Philip Kotler, Pearson Education

2. "Strategic Market Management", David A. Aaker, John Wiley & Sons

3. "The Oxford Textbook of Marketing", Ketith Blois, Oxford University Press

Question Pattern:



Project-II



Final Exam: 40

Course Objective: To design and complete the software project in any platform. On the completion

of the project, students will be able to develop small scale software using the concepts of system

analysis and design, software engineering and user interface design.

Course Contents:

There should be a total of 60 hours covering important features of any development platform that

students choose. A software development project will be assigned to students individually. A

relevant topic shall be identified and instructed to each student. Students must develop the assigned

software, submit written report, and give oral presentation.

General Procedure:

1. Topic Selection

2. Information Gathering

3. System Requirements and Specifications

4. Algorithms and Flowcharts

5. Coding

6. Implementation

7. Documentation

The project document shall include the following:

1. Technical description of the project

2. System aspect of the project

3. Project tasks and time-schedule

4. Project team members

5. Project supervisor

6. Implementation of the project

E-Governance

Elective-II Full Marks: 100


Final Exam: 80

Course Objective: This course provides the implementation and management of e-Government

from the technicalities of data flows and process mapping to the polices of e-government and also

provide the case studies of different countries.

Course Contents:

1. Introduction (3 Hrs)

e-Government and e-Governance, e-Government as information system, benefits of e-

Government, e-Government stages of development, online service delivery and electronic

service delivery.

2. Public-Private Partnership for e-Government (4 Hrs)

PPP Forms, Issues in PPP for e-Government, citizen-centric approach to e-Government.

3. ICT Infrastructure for e-Government (3 Hrs)

Network infrastructure, computing Infrastructure, data centers, e-Government architecture,

interoperability framework.

4. e-Government Readiness (4 Hrs)

e-Readiness framework, steps to e-Government readiness, issues in e-Government readiness.

5. Security for e-Government (5 Hrs)

Challenges of e-government security, an approach to security for e-Government, security

management model, e-Government security architecture, security standards.

6. Managing e-Government (8 Hrs)

Approaches to management of e-Government systems, e-Government strategy, managing public

data, managing issues for e-Government, emerging management issues for e-Government.

7. Implementing e-Government (8 Hrs)

e-Government system life cycle and project assessment, analysis of current reality, design of

new e-Government system, e-Government risk assessment and mitigation, e-Government

system construction, implementation and beyond, developing e-Government hybrids.

8. Case Studies and Applications of e-government system (10 Hrs)

Nepal: Cyber Laws, ICT development project, Government Integrated Data Center (GIDC),

e-Government master plan, Human resource management software.

India: Community information centers, e-Procurement in the government of Andhra

Pradesh, e-Suvida.

Other Countries: E-Government development in South Korea, e-Government in China, e-

Government in Brazil, Sri Lanka, Singapore, USA.

Reference Books:

1. "Implementing & Managing e-Government", Richard Heeks

2. "e-Governance: Concepts & Case Studies", C. S. R. Prabhu, Prentice Hall of India

3. "e-Government", J. Satyanarayana, Prentice Hall of India

Question Pattern:



Data Visualization

Elective-III Full Marks: 100


Final Exam: 60

Course Contents:

1. Introduction (3 Hrs)

a. What is Computer Graphics?

b. What is Computer visualization?

c. How is it different from traditional visualization technique?

d. Tools of the Trade

e. What can be achieved?

2. Graphics Hardware and Software (4 Hrs)

a. Input devices – keypad, mouse, trackball, joystick, etc…

b. Output devices

c. Resolution Issues

d. Software

e. Idea of Buffer

3. Graphics Primitives and Transformations (7 Hrs)

a. Concept of world, window and viewport

b. Incremental line scan-conversion algorithm

c. Line clipping using Cohen-Sutherland algorithm

d. Concept homogeneous co-ordinate system

e. Transformations – Scale, rotation, translation, mirror

4. Color and Light (5 Hrs)

a. Color as a medium for information

b. RGB, CMYK models of color

c. How color and light interact?

d. Light sources

5. Camera and Action (Animation) (5 Hrs)

a. Camera basics

b. Using camera effectively

c. Animation basics

6. Shading, Rendering (Ray-tracing and Ray-casting) (7 Hrs)

a. Phong, Gourard shadings

b. Theory of Ray-tracing

c. Theory of Ray-casting

d. Differences

e. Hybrids

f. Other rendering ideas

7. VTK, Paraview and Google Overview (14 Hrs)

a. Concept of film set – actors, light, camera, action

b. Concept of pipelines

c. Concept of OO graphics system

d. Individual introduction

e. A somewhat detailed explanation of VTK

f. Data and data modeling

g. Visualization basics(vtk primitives and vtk dataset types)

h. Visualization technique (contour, iso-surface, filters, and others)

i. Volume rendering (introduction, checkout)

Network Security & Cryptography

Elective-III Full Marks: 100


Final Exam: 60

Course Contents:

1. Networking Fundamentals (4 Hrs) OSI reference model, TCP/IP reference model, guided and unguided media, sliding window

protocols, shortest path distance, vector routing.

2. Introduction to Network Security (3 Hrs) Attacks, services and mechanisms, security attacks, security services, a model for internet work

security.

3. Classical Encryption (4 Hrs) Conventional encryption model, Steganography, classical encryption techniques (substitution

and transposition).

4. Block Ciphers and DES (6 Hrs) Simplified DES, block cipher principles, data encryption standard, strength of DES, differential

and linear cryptanalysis, block cipher design principles.

5. Symmetric Ciphers (7 Hrs) Block cipher modes of operation, confidentiality using symmetric encryption, placement of

encryption function, traffic confidentiality, key distribution, random number generation.

6. Finite Fields (3 Hrs) Modular arithmetic, Euclidean algorithm.

7. Public Key Cryptography (3 Hrs) Principles of public key cryptography, RSA algorithm.

8. Key Management (3 Hrs) Key management, Diffie-Hellman key exchange.

9. Number Theory (4 Hrs) Prime numbers, Fermat's and Euler's theorems, testing for primality, the Chinese remainder

theorem, discrete logarithms.

10. IP and Web Security (4 Hrs) Overview of IP security, web security requirements, overview of secure sockets layer and

transport layer security.

11. Intruders and Malicious Software and firewalls (4 Hrs) Intruders, viruses and rotated threats, firewall design principles, trusted systems.

Reference Books:

1. "Cryptography & Network Security: Principles & Practices", William Stallings, Pearson Edition

2. "Computer Networks", Andrew S. Tanenbaum

3. "TCP/IP Protocol Suite", Behrouz A. Forouzan

Question Pattern:



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