public speakingpublic...
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PUBLIC SPEAKINGPUBLIC SPEAKINGPUBLIC SPEAKINGPUBLIC SPEAKINGMOHD. FARID BIN RAHMATMOHD. FARID BIN RAHMAT
OFFICE OF STUDENT AFFAIRSOFFICE OF STUDENT AFFAIRS
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Public Speaking is a form of Verbal Public Speaking is a form of Verbal Public Speaking is a form of Verbal Public Speaking is a form of Verbal Communication.Communication.Public Speaking is well planned situation Public Speaking is well planned situation p g pp g pincludes environment, time, place and issues includes environment, time, place and issues to be address. to be address. Abd l M ’ti Ahm d (1994) i his b k; Abd l M ’ti Ahm d (1994) i his b k; Abdul Mua’ti Ahmad, (1994) in his book; Abdul Mua’ti Ahmad, (1994) in his book; Guide to Public Speaking, Guide to Public Speaking, refers Public refers Public Speaking as communication using both Speaking as communication using both p g mm gp g mm gverbal and nonverbal and non--verbal skills.verbal skills.
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SPEECH PROCESSSPEECH PROCESSSpeakerSpeakerIndividual with issues / motives to address to a small or mass audience
Includes 4 major address to a small or mass audience.
Script / referenceScript / referenceOrganize speech content
majorcomponents
Organize speech content.
AudienceAudience
Group of people who participate in listening and respond to issues address by the speaker.
Presentation / situationPresentation / situation
Presenting information effectively with
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g yvarious methods and visual aids.
Importance of Public SpeakingImportance of Public Speakingp p gp p g
Convey ideas and influencing others.Convey ideas and influencing others.
Expanding career opportunities.Expanding career opportunities.
B i tiB i tiBusiness promotion.Business promotion.
Building spirit of enthusiasm and patriotism.Building spirit of enthusiasm and patriotism.
Ability to think fast, creativity, imaginative and critics.Ability to think fast, creativity, imaginative and critics.
Sharpening speakers mind.Sharpening speakers mind.
Help building confidence appearance leadership and etc Help building confidence appearance leadership and etc
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Help building confidence, appearance, leadership and etc Help building confidence, appearance, leadership and etc of speaker.of speaker.
TYPES OF SPEECHTYPES OF SPEECH
CLASS OF SPEECH
MOTIVESMOTIVES
Informative / A k l d Persuasion Entertaiment Special
C
METHOD
Acknowledge Ceremony
Impromptu Memorizing Reading Text Extemporaneous
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InformativeInformativeInformativeInformative
Speakers goal is to convey Speakers goal is to convey information or explaining to information or explaining to udi n n n pt udi n n n pt audience on cencept, audience on cencept,
fenomena, process, ideas and fenomena, process, ideas and etcetcetc.etc.Example. Motivation TalkExample. Motivation Talk
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PersuasionPersuasionPersuasionPersuasion
Through speech a speaker can Through speech a speaker can Through speech, a speaker can Through speech, a speaker can influence audience attention / mind influence audience attention / mind towards manipulating physical, towards manipulating physical, p p yp p yattitude, trust, and believes.attitude, trust, and believes.
Example, salesman, judge, lawyer and Example, salesman, judge, lawyer and politician. politician.
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EntertaimentEntertaimentEntertaimentEntertaiment
Creating a cheerful and fun enviroment.Creating a cheerful and fun enviroment.Creating a cheerful and fun enviroment.Creating a cheerful and fun enviroment.
In a ceremony a speaker should input In a ceremony a speaker should input In a ceremony, a speaker should input In a ceremony, a speaker should input audience with mild humor to attract audience with mild humor to attract audience attention.audience attention.
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Special Formal CeremonySpecial Formal CeremonySpecial Formal CeremonySpecial Formal Ceremony
In a formal In a formal In a formal In a formal ceremony, a speaker ceremony, a speaker texts is prepared by texts is prepared by p p yp p ya special task force a special task force to imbed to imbed
i t i t appropriate appropriate messages and messages and intention intention intention. intention.
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ImpromptuImpromptuImpromptuImpromptu
Speakers ability to deliver speech Speakers ability to deliver speech freefree--hand without text.hand without text.freefree hand without text.hand without text.Lightly touching past and present Lightly touching past and present issues or his future actions.issues or his future actions.issues or his future actions.issues or his future actions.Speaker usually refers to his Speaker usually refers to his experience, present knowledge or experience, present knowledge or experience, present knowledge or experience, present knowledge or ability.ability.
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Memorizing TextMemorizing TextMemorizing TextMemorizing Text
Speech is prepared with Speech is prepared with edited and printed materials edited and printed materials p mp min text.in text.Speaker will memorize and Speaker will memorize and Speaker will memorize and Speaker will memorize and deliver word by word.deliver word by word.Example, Debater or OratorExample, Debater or Orator
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Reading TextReading TextReading TextReading Text
Speaker reads word by word of a text Speaker reads word by word of a text Speaker reads word by word of a text Speaker reads word by word of a text prepared for him.prepared for him.Speakers speech content includes Speakers speech content includes p pp pimportant information, data, facts and important information, data, facts and etc.etc.Example, 9Example, 9thth Malaysia Budget Plans by Malaysia Budget Plans by Prime MinisterPrime Minister
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EkstemporaneousEkstemporaneousEkstemporaneousEkstemporaneous
Speech with enough preperation.Speech with enough preperation.p g p pp g p pCombining all 3 types of speech:Combining all 3 types of speech:--
Impromptu Impromptu –– based on experience or based on experience or knowledge.knowledge.
Memorizing Memorizing –– word by word delivery.word by word delivery.
Reading Reading –– include facts and figures .include facts and figures .
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Characteristic of A Good SpeakerCharacteristic of A Good Speakerd pd p
Informative Speech Skills
Experience
Wide knowledgeAble to direct audience attention.
Confidence Character Building
g
Sensitive to topicConfidence
Highly confident, well d d t i
Audience evaluates speakers ability, attire, body language etc.
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prepared and expert in topic.
T i f A B d S kT i f A B d S kTraits of A Bad SpeakerTraits of A Bad Speaker
Bad Speaker
Over confident Stiff / puppet
Vague speech Chattering
Speech Mannerism Nervous
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Steps to Prepare An Effective SpeechSteps to Prepare An Effective SpeechSteps to Prepare An Effective SpeechSteps to Prepare An Effective Speech
Steps
Control nervousness
Self analyzing situationy g
Collect materials
Organize materialsaudience
Organize materials
Pl i d l i
Planning good intro
Practice Makes Perfect
Planning good closing
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Deliver with confidence
Controlling Nervousness Controlling Nervousness
Meaning of Nervousness ; Marked by or having a feeling of
Source of Nervousness unease easily agitated or distressed
Dislike to be evaluated
In-depth speech / complicated
Inexperience speaker
Unprepared speaker
Embarrassed to audience
Unprepared speaker
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Indicators of NervousnessIndicators of Nervousness
INDICATORS
Physiology
Rapid heart beat Swelling ArmpitShallow Breathing Shiver kneesBreathing
Stiff bodyFaint Weak Voice Dry Lips
Psychology
Avoid eye contact
Scared toaudience Forgetful Shy Allergic to
audience
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contact audience audience
Techniques to Overcome StressTechniques to Overcome Stress
BEFORE SPEECHChoose an interesting subjectg j
Audience analysis
Clearly organize ideas
A l f t i iAmple of training
Self Persuasion
Light excising
Physical and mentally relax
Clear point of views
Long and deep breaths
Physical and mentally relax
Enough preparation
Enough sleep and food
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Be imaginative
Realize to signs of nervousness
Techniques to Overcome StressTechniques to Overcome Stress
DURING SPEECH
Pi k t i di ith f i dl
Create and maintain eye contact
Pick certain audience with friendly faces and attitude
y
Don’t be static
Relax and maintain attractive delivery
Don t be static
Continue speech even though your nervous
Act as if your confident ALTHOUGH your not
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Get Use of Your VenueGet Use of Your VenueGet Use of Your VenueGet Use of Your Venue
Come early to your Come early to your Come early to your Come early to your venue and survey its venue and survey its surrounding.surrounding.surroun ng.surroun ng.Practice on stage.Practice on stage.Test all equipments and Test all equipments and Test all equipments and Test all equipments and visual aids.visual aids.
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Know Your AudienceKnow Your Audience
Go and introduce yourself to Go and introduce yourself to yyyour audience before speech your audience before speech starts.starts.
Acknowledge your audience Acknowledge your audience that you have met.that you have met.
You are creating a warm You are creating a warm environment and your stress environment and your stress yylevels will eventually fade.levels will eventually fade.
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Understand Your Issues Before Understand Your Issues Before P iP iPresentationPresentation
Avoid uncertain issues.Avoid uncertain issues.Avoid answering any Avoid answering any question.question.Research before delivery.Research before delivery.Reverse psychology. Divert Reverse psychology. Divert question to other audience question to other audience
h kn sh kn swho knows.who knows.
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Be Informal (Be Informal (santaisantai) )
Don’t be to concern on Don’t be to concern on Don t be to concern on Don t be to concern on your presentation your presentation outcome, it will only outcome, it will only yymake you feel worried make you feel worried and and presuredpresuredYou might not get You might not get enough rest for your enough rest for your presentationpresentationpresentation.presentation.
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Practice makes PERFECTPractice makes PERFECTPractice makes PERFECTPractice makes PERFECT
While practicing, speakWhile practicing, speak--up up p g, pp g, p ppand inand in--clear pronunciation of clear pronunciation of every word.every word.P t d d li i P t d d li i Pretend your delivering a Pretend your delivering a PERFECT and enthusiastic PERFECT and enthusiastic speechspeechspeech.speech.
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Yakini diri bahawa orang lain mahu anda Yakini diri bahawa orang lain mahu anda b j ikb j ikberjaya menyampaikan ucapanberjaya menyampaikan ucapan
Penonton biasanya Penonton biasanya Penonton biasanya Penonton biasanya mahukan sesuatu yang mahukan sesuatu yang baru, bermaklumat, baru, bermaklumat, menarik dan menarik dan menarik dan menarik dan menghiburkan ketika menghiburkan ketika mendengar ucapan. mendengar ucapan. g pg pSekiranya persembahan Sekiranya persembahan dan ucapan anda dan ucapan anda mempunyai kriteria ini mempunyai kriteria ini mempunyai kriteria ini, mempunyai kriteria ini, pastinya anda akan pastinya anda akan berjaya.berjaya.
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j yj y
Jangan memohon maafJangan memohon maafJ gJ g
Sekiranya anda menyatakan Sekiranya anda menyatakan Sekiranya anda menyatakan Sekiranya anda menyatakan kegentaran atau memohon maaf kegentaran atau memohon maaf kepada apa sahaja kesilapan yang kepada apa sahaja kesilapan yang p p j p yp p j p yanda lakukan sepanjang berucap, anda lakukan sepanjang berucap, anda hanya akan membuatkan anda hanya akan membuatkan
t i b k b li t i b k b li penonton mengimbas kembali penonton mengimbas kembali persembahan dan cuba mengenal persembahan dan cuba mengenal pasti di manakah kesilapan tersebut pasti di manakah kesilapan tersebut pasti di manakah kesilapan tersebut. pasti di manakah kesilapan tersebut. Jangan sekaliJangan sekali--kali melakukan kali melakukan perkara itu.perkara itu.
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pp
Tumpukan perhatian kepada isu utamaTumpukan perhatian kepada isu utamaTumpukan perhatian kepada isu utamaTumpukan perhatian kepada isu utama
Fokuskan perhatian Fokuskan perhatian Fokuskan perhatian Fokuskan perhatian anda kepada isu anda kepada isu utama bukan utama bukan utama u an utama u an perkaraperkara--perkara yang perkara yang remeh. Pastikan anda remeh. Pastikan anda beri penekanan yang beri penekanan yang jelas terhadap jelas terhadap perkara tersebutperkara tersebutperkara tersebut.perkara tersebut.
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Change negative feelings Change negative feelings POSITIVEPOSITIVEto POSITIVE energyto POSITIVE energy
Y i t th Y i t th Your inner strength Your inner strength could change your could change your shiver into Positive shiver into Positive shiver into Positive shiver into Positive Energy.Energy.Start by breathing Start by breathing Start by breathing Start by breathing correctly, slowly and correctly, slowly and deliver word by word deliver word by word yyduring your speech.during your speech.Throw in some Throw in some
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HUMOUR !HUMOUR !
Process of Collecting ExperienceProcess of Collecting ExperienceProcess of Collecting ExperienceProcess of Collecting Experience
“Experience is The Best Teacher”“Experience is The Best Teacher”Past experience can build Past experience can build
f d d h k f f d d h k f confidence and the key for a confidence and the key for a successful speech.successful speech.Pl t GOD b f Pl t GOD b f Place a prayer to GOD before Place a prayer to GOD before starting your speech to avoid starting your speech to avoid Stage FrightsStage FrightsStage FrightsStage Frights
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Self Analysis and VenueSelf Analysis and Venueyy
Subject & knowledge?
Time Agenda?
Subject interest and script / visual aid
Q ?
Other activities?
Audience reaction
Preperation Equipment?
Queue ?
Venue
Objectives ?
Location?
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Objectives ?
Audience AnalysisAudience AnalysisDemography
UniformitySaiz
Sex
Religion
Education level
Point of InterestDemographicsAge
Sex
Race
Eth iEthnic
Culture
Social Status
Reputation
Speech
Appreciation
Employment
Economy earningsIdeology
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AnalysisMembership status
Opening SpeechOpening Speech
Warm Greetings
Follow ProtocolUnique facts and statistics
Follow ProtocolA short history
Throw in a question to think
Basic of A Good IntroductionA quote or a Quran Verse
An Example / Story
Refer to venue or audience
A funny statement / joke
Pull Audience Attention
Self introduction
Subject importance
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Planning for ConclusionPlanning for ConclusionPlanning for ConclusionPlanning for Conclusion
Continuous Audience
Change speech style
Appologies
Forget idesAudience Attention
Refer theme / topic
Mood SettingLong explaination
Pause to stop
Challenge
Repeat main ideas
g
Questions
Brief reviews
Closing statements
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AppealClosing statements
Practice RoutinesPractice RoutinesPractice RoutinesPractice Routines
Body language
Record your speechNot to much
PracticeSelf Evaluation
Practice 3 – 6 times
Time your speech
Enjoy your speech Practice 3 6 times
Remember main ideasPractice with Visual Aids
Mentally remember facts
Refer Queue Cards
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Key to A Good SpeechKey to A Good SpeechKey to A Good SpeechKey to A Good Speech
Body yLanguage
Key VoiceControl
MicrophoneTechniques
How to Answer Questions
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1. Body Language1. Body Language1. Body Language1. Body LanguageNon-Verbal
Moves
Head
Face Mimic
EyesEyes
Shoulders
Hands / fingers
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etc
2. Voice Control2. Voice Control2. Voice Control2. Voice Control
Pitching / Tone / NadaKelantangan
Voice Control Repetition / Pengulangan
P /Pause / Jeda
Pronunciation
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3. Microphone Technique3. Microphone Technique3. Microphone Technique3. Microphone Technique
Distance 3 fingers
Microphone VolumeMicrophone Position
Mic Stand
A dience can see o r faceAudience can see your faceBelow your chin
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Q & AQ & AQ & AQ & A
Techniqueq
Listen to questionConcentrate
Repeat question
Write main points
Ask to repeat
Defination
Repeat
Brief (if question to long)
OpinionBreak questions
Facts
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Facts
Closing StatementsClosing StatementsClosing StatementsClosing Statements
A successful speech is determineA successful speech is determineA successful speech is determine A successful speech is determine by how well a speaker delivers a by how well a speaker delivers a speech. A speech must have:speech. A speech must have:--a. Proper sequencea. Proper sequenceb. Effectively portrayedb. Effectively portrayedy p yy p yc. Fulfills audience expectationc. Fulfills audience expectation
‘IT IS NOT ABOUT WHAT YOU ‘IT IS NOT ABOUT WHAT YOU SAY, BUT HOW YOU SAY IT’ SAY, BUT HOW YOU SAY IT’
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,,
TUGASANTUGASANTUGASANTUGASAN
Ucapan tidak tidak kurang 8 min & tidakUcapan tidak tidak kurang 8 min & tidakUcapan tidak tidak kurang 8 min & tidak Ucapan tidak tidak kurang 8 min & tidak melebihi 10 min.melebihi 10 min.Tajuk bebasTajuk bebasTajuk bebas.Tajuk bebas.Penilaian oleh rakan seinduksi dan jurulatih.Penilaian oleh rakan seinduksi dan jurulatih.Nota kecil dibenarkan.Nota kecil dibenarkan.Penggunaan APD (Alat Pandang Dengar) Penggunaan APD (Alat Pandang Dengar) gg ( g g )gg ( g g )digalakkan.digalakkan.
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