PTAR Presentation

Jonathan DeLaRosa, Jessica Nelson, Ivan Morin, JJ Rodenburg, &

Tim Stelly

Team CronusTeam Cronus

Introduction

Launch Date• May 20, 2013

Get to Apophis by 2014

Orbit Apophis Collect science data Send data back to

Earth to study

Propulsion

Piggyback to GEO

GEO to Apophis

Pegasus XL Atlas V Delta IV Chemical Propulsion

Low Thrust

Electric Solar Sail

Nuclear

Ion

Atlas V has a 91% launch success rate

Atlas V can take a satellite to LEO, GTO, or GEO

Chemical propulsion is a proven method and can get to Apophis faster

Spacecraft Utilities

Power Sources Computation & Data Handling

Batteries RTGs

Operating System

LinuxSolar Cells & Batteries

Fuel Cells

Windows MAC

Fully autonomous

High-level cmd, autonomous

task completion

Tele-robotic operation

Command and Control

Attitude Determination

and Control

CMGs GyrosStar Trackers

RCS ThrustersMomentum Wheels

Sensors Actuators

Solar cells are lighter and are a renewable power source

High-level command can keep the data rate lower

Star trackers are reliable, small, and lightweight

RCS thrusters will be used for station keeping

Communication

Data Rates Architecture

High data rate, high level of

information/control

Low data rate, low level of

information/control

Communicate when in range

Always in communication

Links/Relays High power, direct link

Cache/data dumps

Variable data rates can be used to stay in continuous contact, even at long ranges

Proximity Operations

Land Standoff

Land, then release

seperate transponder

Transponder part of spacecraft Use IR/RF imaging to

gather seismic information

Send equipment

down

Standoff is a lower-risk method to acquire the necessary scientific data

Spacecraft will monitor changes in the orbit of Apophis due to presence of an orbiting body

Secondary Payload - Lander

Gossamer netBarbed projectile

Robot(s)

Equipment contained inside

Torpedo

Release smaller equipment/robot

Release smaller equipment

Cloud of cameras and sensors

Release sample spikes and

sensors

Torpedo better suited for unknown composition

Equipment will take soil sample, provide secondary RF imaging, and induce a disturbance to study damping and response

Will relay data back to standoff spacecraft

Battery-powered communications and data handling

Seismic Data Collection

Remote Sensing Implanted

Impulsive Disturbances

All-in-one

Slugs

Surface Sampler

Separate Sensors

Explosives Torpedo

Ground-Penetrating

Radar

IR Spectrometer

Ground-penetrating radar will be used to study structural makeup

IR spectrometer will be used to study surface composition

Magnetic Sensing

Imaging Data

Visible RF/Radar IRLaser

Surface Camera(s) Orbiting Camera(s)

Included with seismometers

Included with impact slugs/samplers

Attached to main s/c

Separate Cameras Camera “Cloud”

Visible imaging will provide tangible data for study and publicity

Star tracker can be used for ADC and visible imaging

Ground-penetrating radar will be used to study structural makeup

IR spectrometer will be used to study surface composition

Mission DesignMission Design Piggyback to GEO Chemical Propulsion to Apophis Orbiting Apophis while

accomplishing science tasks • Using satellite as transponder• IR spectrometer for composition• Camera imaging

Elements Launch

• Atlas V Propulsion

• Chemical propulsion• Liquid propellant

Power• Solar Cells & Batteries

BTJ Triple-Junction High Efficiency SolarCells for Space Applications

(1000 W, 2.5 m2)

Elements Attitude Determination & Control

• Star Trackers and Reaction Control System (RCS) Thrusters

• Linux OS Computer Data Acquisition Payload

• Imaging Camera• IR Spectrometer• Ground-Penetrating Radar• Landing Torpedo• Communication System/ Transponder

Goodrich Star

Tracker

IR Spectrometer

Layout Structure

• Aluminum 6061-T6 Specifications

• Power= 1 kW• Volume=1 m3

• Mass= 300 kg

Advantages of Our Design High TRL for majority of components Doubling the communications system as a

transponder Using the RCS for station keeping around

Apophis instead of using main thruster Doing imaging and composition of Apophis

from orbit with cameras and spectrometer Will study effect of orbiting masses on the

orbit of Apophis

Questions?

Thanks!