Psychological Disorders

Chapter 18

A Disorder is…

• Behavior or mental process • personal suffering • interferes with your

ability

Ask yourself…

1. Is it typical? 2. Is it maladaptive? 3. Is it emotionally uncomfortable? 4. Is it socially unacceptable?

Normal vs abnormal?

• “average” majority• Everybody’s expectation • culturally biased

Homeostasis • Avoid unpleasantness

• Seek homeostasis, equilibrium• Usually works

DSM-IV

DSM-IV-TR

MoodDisorders

Somatoform Disorders

Dissociative Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Schizophrenia

PersonalityDisorders

common to identify with one or more… relax

only for professionals

to diagnose!!!

Anxiety Disorders

• Generalized *• Social Anxiety *• claustrophobia • hydrophobia • agoraphobia • panic attack • OCD• PTSD

Dissociative Disorders

• Amnesia *• Dissociative Fugue • Dissociative Identity Disorder • Depersonalization *

Somatoform Disorders

• Hypochondriasis • Conversion Disorder *• Munchausen Syndrome (proxy)

Mood Disorders

• Depression • Bi-polar Disorder

Schizophrenia

• Paranoid Schizophrenic *• Disorganized Schizophrenic • Catatonic Schizophrenic, catatonic stupor

Personality Disorders

Narcissistic PD

• Attention-seeking behaviors• Needs admiration• Lack of empathy• Grandiose • Self-centered

Antisocial PD

• disregard for and violation of the rights of others

• Age 15/Age 18• Aggressiveness• Lack of remorse• Conning, deceptive

Dependent PD• View others as better• Seek others to survive• Sacrifice self to maintain

bonds or relationships• Insecure attachment

Avoidant PD

• Avoids social interaction• Fear of ridicule • Sensitive to negative

reactions• Mistrust• Social distancing• Linked with bullying

Histrionic PD

• Successful• Dramatize and exaggerate

difficulties• Pride of own personality• Rapidly shifting emotions• Exhibitionist or seductive

Obsessive-Compulsive PD (OCD)

• Obsessive need for cleanliness, order

• Perfectionism• Compulsion to make lists• excessive pedantry,

rigidness • Ritualistic acts

Some Causes

• Death of a loved one• Divorce/separation• Natural disaster• Moving• Bullying• Start/end of school• “Stress of Life Changes”

Enough for now?