8/23/99 PSU Altoona

ET 002

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SYSTEMS

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Components ofComputer System

HardwareSoftwareDataPeopleProcedures

Information Systems

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Data Hierarchy

BitByteFieldRecordFileData Base

0 or 1 (digital / binary)7-8 bits (one character)Related group of bytesGroup of related fieldsGroup of related recordsSet of related files vs.

Data Base Management System (DBMS)

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Computer: Collection of Electronic Devices

Run by instructions in its own memory

Accepts & processes data, a.k.a. _______

Result: information, a.k.a. ____________

Can store results

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Information Processing Cycle

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Information Processing:Main Computer Components

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Input or Output Device?

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Central Processing Unit (CPU)

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Inside the Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Power supplyMotherboardNetwork card (CLRC)Modem card (home)Expansion slotSIMMS slot: extra

memoryMicroprocessor chip

(Top speed : 450 - 500 megahertz)

RAM (Random Access Memory) Primary main memory;

holds info while you use a program

Volatile: gone when power goes off

ROM (Read Only Memory) - loads operating system at start-up; never lost

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MeasuringStorage Capacity

1,000 bytes(thousand memory locations)

1,000,000 bytes(million memory locations)

1,000,000,000 bytes(billion memory locations)

KB - kilobyte

MB - megabyte

GB - gigabyte

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Input or Output Devices?

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Display Device:Screen, Monitor, or CRT

Input or Output Device?

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Auxiliary Storage Device

3 1/2- inch floppy disk = portable storage

Floppy driveis called_______ drive

Buy formatted double-sided HIGH density floppy disks (2HD) Put labels on (2) Write name on

(2) Bring (2) to lab

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Auxiliary Storage Device:Hard Drive

Hard disk drive

Usually notportable

Hard drive iscalled_______ drive,usually

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Organization of Disk Storage: Tracks and Sectors

Formattingcreates tracks andsectors

Floppy disk:80 tracksper side,18 sectorsper track

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Auxiliary Storage Device:CD-ROM

CD-ROM =_____________

Stores largeamounts ofprerecorded info Multimedia:

text, graphics,audio, animation,video

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Auxiliary Storage Device: DVD-ROM

DVD-ROM =__________________

__________________

Better storage capacity, better video quality than __________________

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System Software:(GUI) Operating System

Win 95/Win 98/Win NTLoad (boot) operating

system into memory from storage: Clears RAM Reloads operating

system from disk to RAM

Cold Start = boot (On) Warm Start = re-boot

(Ctrl+Alt+Del)

(GUI) stands for___________________

Icons = visual cues

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Networks & 208 Force T(LAN, WAN, and WWW)

Boot operating system: Loads Local Area

Network (LAN) software

Machines share printer using local server

Penn State (UP) server Wide Area Network (WAN)

of PSU locations

Connects to World Wide Web (WWW) via PC’s internet browser software,_________________

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Applications Software (Microsoft Office 97)

Microsoft Word 97

Microsoft Excel 97

Microsoft Access 97

Microsoft PowerPoint 97

Word processing

Electronic spreadsheet

Database

Presentation graphics