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Psiacus range 1 Psiacus Catalonia, S.L. C/Àfrica, 1-5, Pol. Ind. Can Mora 08459 St. Antoni de Vilamajor (Spain) Tel. +34 93 841 12 67 www.psiacus.com [email protected]

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Page 1: Psittacus Catalonia, S.L. C/Àfrica, 1-5, Pol. Ind. Can Mora Tel. +34 … · 2018-05-17 · Psittacus range 1 Psittacus Catalonia, S.L. C/Àfrica, 1-5, Pol. Ind. Can Mora. 08459 St

Psittacus range � 1

Psittacus Catalonia, S.L.C/Àfrica, 1-5, Pol. Ind. Can Mora 08459 St. Antoni de Vilamajor (Spain)Tel. +34 93 841 12 [email protected]

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2 � Psittacus range

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Psittacus range � 3

Psittacus Catalonia SL was created to develop its main activity in the field of psittacine birds (parrots) as pets. Psittacus was born in 1998 with the creation of the breeding centre of African Grey Parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus).

Since then and up to the present time, we have diversified the scope of action of the Company, devoting special attention to the research and development of specific foods for psittacine and other companion birds.

Currently, the most important work areas of the company are:

• The captive breeding of African Grey Parrots.

• The development, manufacture and commercialization of food for psittacine, passerine and columbiform birds.

• The carrying out of research studies in our own R&D centre in collaboration with other organisations.

• The editing of specialised publications on the breeding and hus-bandry of companion birds.

• The dissemination of knowledge about captive breeding and nutrition of companion birds.

• The collaboration with associations of breeders and other non-profit organisations linked to the promotion of captive bre-eding and the protection of wild populations.

We are at the disposal of our customers and receptive to sugges-tions that allow us to improve the quality of the products and the well-being of the birds.

PSITTACUS CATALONIAXavier ViaderTeresa Masuet

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4 � Psittacus range

Early-age Hand Feeding Formulas Follow-on Hand Feeding Formulas

1st Phase 2nd Phase

Psittacus / Ara Poicephalus

Amazona / Pionus Cacatua / Psittacula

Aratinga / Eolophus Agapornis / Platycercus Neophema / Nymphicus

Melopsittacus

Eolophus / Cacatua

Pyrrhura / Pionites

Eclectus

Subfamilia Loriinae

PRODUCT RANGE Hand-Feeding formula selectorhig

h energ

yhig

h protein

min

iHig

h protein

eclectus

specia

lLory

specia

lcock

atoo s

pecial

frugiv

orous n

eonatal

frugiv

orous n

eonatal

frugiv

orous n

eonatal

neon

atal

neon

atal

neon

atal

psit

tacin

e crop milk

psit

tacin

e crop milk

psit

tacin

e crop milk

Frugiv

orousps

ittacin

e crop milk

Frugiv

orousps

ittacin

e crop milk

Frugiv

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ittacin

e crop milk

psit

tacin

e crop milk

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Psittacus range � 5

Psittacus / Ara Poicephalus

Amazona / PionusCacatua / Psittacula

Aratinga / Nymphicus Eolophus / Platycercus

Pyrrhura / Cyanoramphus Agapornis / Forpus

Melopsittacus/ Neophema/Nymphicus

Eclectus

Subfamilia Loriinae

PRODUCT RANGEhig

h energ

y /

omeg

a

high prot

einm

ini

min

orm

icroom

ega

gel /

nect

ar

omeg

aom

ega

Formulas selector

Formulas for juveniles

Maintenance Formulas

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6 � Psittacus range

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS

Maintenance formulas are indicated to be fed to pet birds and breeding birds in stages of reproductive inactivity. Their composition allows them to comfortably meet the nutritional needs of these periods.

Maintenance formulas are balanced and homogeneous mixtures of ingre-dients. This precludes the selection of components by the animal and are consumed in its entirety. They can constitute 100% of the bird’s diet, althou-gh they allow us to add other foods to provide variety, such as fresh fruit and vegetables which can be offered in a complementary way without limitation.

1. Supplement with fresh fruit and vegetables in order to provide variety to the diet.

2. Renew daily the leftover food from feeder.3. Close the bag after each use.4. Do not add vitamins or trace elements as a supplement since

the formula already contains the appropriate amount. To supply these in excess can be harmful.

5. Ensure that the bird has clean and fresh water at all times.

Instructions for using maintenance formulas

The Lory Gel and the Lory Nectar are two complementary products at the service of a new concept in the feeding of lories. They are also found in our section of Maintenance Formulas.

The Lory Diet is a complete food with features intermediate between the Gel and the Nectar that can be offered as the single base food to most Lory species.

HIGH ENERGY HIGH PROTEIN OMEGA

MINI MINORMICRO

*Real size

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Psittacus range � 7

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS

Instructions for using Lory Gel/Nectar and Lory Diet

1. Preferentially offer Lory Gel and Lory Nectar simultaneously and in separate feeders. The birds will consume more or less amount of each formula according to their nutritional needs. When there are chicks to feed in the nest, it is recommended that the birds have at their disposal Frugivorous Neonatal Formula or Lory Special Formula (depending on their age).

2. Offer them preferably dry (without added water); this will im-prove the consistency of the droppings. It is also possible to mix them with water until a creamy texture is obtained.

3. Renew daily the leftover food from the feeder. If offered mixed with water, it must be renewed within a few hours before it starts to ferment and spoil.

4. Supplement with fresh fruit in order to provide variety to the diet.

5. Close the bag after each use.6. Do not add vitamins or trace elements as a supplement since

the formula already contains the appropriate amount. To supply these in excess can be harmful.

7. Ensure that the bird has clean and fresh water at all times.

LORY GEL LORY NECTAR

Instructions for use

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8 � Psittacus range

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS

High Energy

It is indicated for species that in the wild consume a significant amount of fruits and seeds from oleaginous plants (genera Psitta-cus, Ara, Poicephalus...).

Daily intake ranges from 5 % to 8% of the animal’s body weight. Medium-sized species (like the African Grey parrot), consume between 20 and 40 g. Ambient temperature greatly influences intake.

Analytical constituents: Crude Protein 17.0%, Crude oils and fats 11.0%.

Packaging: 800 g, 3 kg or 12 kg bags.

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Psittacus range � 9

High Protein

It is indicated for species that in the wild consume a significant amount of fruits and seeds with a low to moderate content of fat (genera Amazona, Cacatua, Psittacula, Pionus...).

The daily intake ranges from 5% to 8% of the animal’s body wei-ght. Medium-sized species (for example blue-fronted amazons) consume between 20 g and 35 g. Ambient temperature greatly influences intake.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 21.5 %, Crude oils and fats 8.0 %.

Packaging: 800 g, 3 kg and 12 kg bags.

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS Indicated for stages of reproductive inactivity

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10 � Psittacus range

Mini

It is indicated for medium and small size species (genera Nymphi-cus, Eolophus, Platycercus, Aratinga...), which in the wild consu-me mostly seeds with low fat levels.

They approximately consume 10% of their body weight daily. For instance, a cockatiel will consume about 10 g every day. Ambient temperature significantly influences intake.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 15.1 %, Crude oils and fats 7.5 %.

Packaging: 450 g, 3 kg and 12 kg bags.

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 11

Minor

It is indicated for small size species (genera Agapornis, Cyano-ramphus, Pyrrhura, Forpus...) which consume a great diversity of foods in the wild: seeds, fruit, berries, leaves, buds and even some invertebrates.

Approximate daily intake ranges from 10% to 18% of the animal’s body weight. Ambient temperature greatly influences intake.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 18.0 %, Crude oils and fats 10.0 %.

Packaging: 450 g, 3 kg and 12 kg bags.

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS Indicated for stages of reproductive inactivity

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12 � Psittacus range

Micro

It is indicated for species of small size (genera Melopsittacus, Nymphicus, Psephotus, Neophema...) which consume mainly grass seeds.

Daily intake is around 10% of their body weight in the case of coc-katiels and up to 18% in the case of common budgerigars. Am-bient temperature greatly influences intake.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 16.0 %, Crude oils and fats 7.5 %.

Packaging: 350 g, 1 kg and 5 kg bags.

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 13

Omega

It is indicated for young birds (up to one year of age) of medium and large species. It can be also offered exclusively or comple-mentary to adult individuals of different species. In this sense, it can be offered ad libitum to genera Ara, Psittacus y Poicephalus.

On the other hand, it is recommended to offer it in a restricted and complementary way to species that tend to gain weight, such as the genera Amazona, Cacatua, Psittacula or Eclectus. In the case of Eclectus, this food must be supplemented with plenty of sweet fruit.

Due to its great palatability, this formula is an ideal tool to do the transition from seeds to formulated diets in individuals that con-sume seeds exclusively.

The daily intake ranges between 5 % and 8 % of the animal’s body weight. Medium-sized species (for example the African grey pa-rrot) consume between 25 and 40 g. Ambient temperature great-ly influences consumption rate.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 23.5 %, Crude oils and fats 14.5 %.

Packaging: 800 g and 3 kg bags.

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS Indicated for stages of reproductive inactivity

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14 � Psittacus range

Lory Gel

It is indicated to be offered dry or as a water suspension to adult parrots of the Loriinae Subfamily. If offered mixed with water, it is recommended that the resulting texture is creamy (neither too liquid nor too thick). It is important not to prepare it excessively liquid.

It is advisable to offer Lory Gel simultaneously with Lory Nectar. Both products are complementary and should be offered in se-parate feeders. Birds will consume more or less amount of each product according to their nutritional needs. Whenever chicks are present in the nest, it is advisable that the birds have also availa-ble Frugivorous Neonatal Hand Feeding Formula or Lory Special Hand Feeding Formula (depending on their age).

As a guideline, these birds ingest from 7 to 10 g of dry Gel + Nec-tar per 100 g of body weight. Ambient temperature greatly in-fluences daily consumption.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 17.0 %, Crude oils and fats 8.0 %.

Packaging: 1 kg and 5 kg bags.

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 15

Nectar Lory

It is indicated to be offered dry or as a water suspension to adult parrots of the Loriinae Subfamily. If it is prepared with water, it is recommended not to do it excessively diluted.

It is a complementary food, very rich in dehydrated fruit and su-gars. It should not be used as an exclusive diet. It is recommended to offer it simultaneously with Lory Gel. Both products are com-plementary and should be offered in separate feeders. Birds will ingest more or less amount of each product according to their nutritional needs. Whenever chicks are present in the nest, it is advisable that birds have also available Frugivorous Neonatal Hand Feeding Formula or Lory Special Hand Feeding Formula (depending on their age).

As a guideline, these birds ingest from 7 to 10 g of dry Gel + Nec-tar per 100 g of body weight. Ambient temperature greatly in-fluences daily consumption.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 7.0 %, Crude oils and fats 3.0 %.

Packaging: 1 kg and 5 kg bags.

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS Indicated for stages of reproductive inactivity

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16 � Psittacus range

Lory Diet

It is indicated to be offered dry or in aqueous suspension to adult parrots of the Loriinae subfamily. If prepared with water, it is advi-sable not to dilute it excessively.

It is a complete food, very rich in sugars. It contains dehydrated apple and whole egg. Whenever chicks are in the nest, it is re-commended that the birds have also Frugivorous Neonatal Hand Feeding Formula or Lory Special Hand Feeding Formula (depen-ding on their age).

As a guideline, these birds consume from 7 to 10 g of dry Lory Diet per 100 g of body weight. Ambient temperature influences intake significantly.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 13.0 %, Crude oils and fats 5.0 %

Packaging: 20 kg bag.

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 17

BREEDING FORMULAS

Breeding Formulas are, like maintenance formulas, balanced and homoge-neous mixture of ingredients. This precludes the selection of components by the animal and thus, are consumed in its entirety.

However, unlike maintenance formulas, breeding formulas have been speci-fically designed to stimulate reproduction.

They contain high levels of protein with a suitable amino acid profile for this stage. They have also been formulated paying special attention to their pro-file of fatty acids and the content of Omega-6 and Omega-3. The concen-tration of vitamins and antioxidants of these formulas is much higher than in the maintenance formulas, in order to cover the higher requirements of breeding.

1. Formulas intended for breeding pairs during breeding season.2. Supplement with fresh fruit and vegetables in order to give va-

riety to the diet.3. Renew daily the leftover food from the feeder.Volver a cerrar la

bolsa después de cada uso.4. Close the bag after each use.5. Do not add vitamins or trace elements as a supplement since

the formula already contains the appropriate amount. To supply these in excess can be harmful. However, it is recommended in this stage that the birds have Calcium Grit ad libitum which will allow them to meet the higher calcium demand of egg-laying.

6. Ensure that the bird has fresh clean water at all times

Instructions for using breeding formulas

BREEDING HIGH ENERGY BREEDING HIGH PROTEIN

*Real size

MAINTENANCE FORMULAS Instructions for use

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18 � Psittacus range

Instructions for using Microspheres 20/10

WET dry

BREEDING FORMULAS

• Microspheres can be offered both dry and wet. They have been developed to provide rapid hydration while maintaining their spherical shape intact.

• As moist food, they are excellent to stimulate the feeding of the chicks and can be offered as they are or mixed with other foods, such as our Eggfood and even chopped vegetables.

• The proportion of water to be added to the Microspheres is de-termined by the moisture level of the other components that will be added later to the hydrated Microspheres. The objective is to constitute a mixture of moist, loose and non-sticky texture. This is the texture that birds like the most.

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Psittacus range � 19

1. It is a balanced food, formulated to be used as a supplement to the pairs with chicks in the nest.

2. It should not be used as a single food.3. It is recommended to offer it dry in a separate feeder or mixed

with the hydrated Microspheres.4. Renew daily the leftover food from the feeder.5. Close the bag after each use.6. Do not add vitamins or trace elements as a supplement since

the formula already contains the appropriate amount. To supply these in excess can be harmful.

7. Ensure that the bird has fresh clean water at all times.

Instructions for using Eggfood

BREEDING FORMULAS Instructions for use

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20 � Psittacus range

Microspheres20/10

This micro extruded formula is indicated for small parrots. It has been designed to be offered hydrated. It can be supplied throu-ghout the year, but especially during breeding season, when it should be used as a moist base for the Eggfood.

Daily consumption of the dry formula can range between 10% and 18% of the animal’s body weight depending on the species and the ambient temperature. Since it has been formulated as a complete food, there are no consumption restrictions and can be offered ad libitum. Ambient temperature influences intake signi-ficantly.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 20.0 %, Crude oils and fats 10.0 %.

Packaging: 800 g and 3 kg bags.

BREEDING FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 21

BREEDING FORMULAS Indicated to stimulate reproduction

Eggfood

It is indicated for species of small size of the genera Nymphicus, Agapornis, Pyrrhura, Neophema, Melopsittacus...

Eggfood was designed to supplement the diet of the breeding pairs when they are rearing their chicks. It can be offered dry or mixed with hydrated Microspheres.

Its consumption will vary greatly depending on the number and the stage of development of the offspring.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 22.0 %, Crude oils and fats 15.0 %.

Packaging: 1 kg and 5 kg bags.

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22 � Psittacus range

High Energy Breeding

It is indicated for the reproductive stage of those species of me-dium and large size, which in addition to needing a diet rich in high quality protein, they also benefit from a fatty acid profile rich in palmitic (Psittacus, Ara, Poicephalus...).

Daily intake ranges between 5 % and 8 % of the animal’s body wei-ght. Medium-sized species (for example the African grey parrot), consume between 25 and 40 g. Ambient temperature influences consumption significantly.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 23.5 %, Crude oils and fats 14.5 %.

Packaging: 12 kg bag.

BREEDING FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 23

High Protein Breeding

It is indicated for the reproductive stage of medium- and large-si-zed species that, in addition to needing a diet rich in high quali-ty protein, they benefit from a fatty acid profile rich in oleic acid (Amazona, Cacatua, Psittacula, Pionus...).

Their daily intake ranges approximately from 5 % to 8 % of their body weight. For example, a Blue-fronted Amazon will consume between 20 and 35 g daily. Ambient temperature influences con-sumption significantly.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 24.5 %, Crude oils and fats 12.0 %.

Packaging: 12 kg bag.

BREEDING FORMULAS Indicated to stimulate reproduction

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24 � Psittacus range

MULTISPECIES DRY FOODS

Multispecies formulas are generic, non-specific foods suitable for several species of medium and large parrots (Amazona, Psittacus, Cacatua, Ara, Aratinga...). It is a small size extruded kibble.

Instructions for using multispecies formulas: Parrot Maintenance

1. Recommended for non-breeding birds and breeding pairs during non-reproductive stages.

2. Supplement with fresh fruits and vegetables in order to provide variety to the diet.

3. Renew daily the leftover food from the feeder.4. Close the bag after each use.5. Do not add vitamins or trace elements as a supplement since

the formula already contains the appropriate amount. To supply these in excess can be harmful.

6. Ensure that the bird has fresh clean water at all times.

*Real size

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Psittacus range � 25

1. Recommended during the breeding season for breeding birds.2. Supplement with fresh fruits and vegetables in order to provide

variety to the diet.3. Renew daily the leftover food from the feeder.4. Close the bag after each use.5. Do not add vitamins or trace elements as a supplement since the

formula already contains the appropriate amount. To supply these in excess can be harmful.

6. Ensure that the bird has fresh clean water at all times.

Instructions for using multispecies formulas: Parrot Breeder

MULTISPECIES DRY FOODS Instructions for use

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26 � Psittacus range

MULTISPECIES DRY FOODS

ParrotMaintenance

It is a versatile formula suitable for a diverse group of species of medium and large parrots: genera Psittacus, Ara, Amazona, Ca-catua...

It is indicated to be used during the non-reproductive phase. It has been formulated to meet the maintenance nutritional requi-rements.

Daily intake ranges from 6 % to 10 % of the animal’s body weight. Ambient temperature influences intake significantly.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 15.5%, Crude oils and fats 7.0%.

Packaging: 15 kg bag.

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Psittacus range � 27

Parrot Breeder

It is a versatile formula suitable for a diverse group of species of medium and large parrots: genera Psittacus, Ara, Amazona, Ca-catua...

It is indicated to be used during the reproductive stage. It has been formulated to meet the high nutrient requirements of this moment. Its objective is to stimulate and facilitate reproduction.

Daily consumption ranges from 6 % to 10 % of body weight. Am-bient temperature influences intake significantly.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 21.6 %, Crude oils and fats 11.0 %.

Packaging: 15 kg bag.

MULTISPECIES DRY FOODS Formulas suitable for several parrot species

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28 � Psittacus range

SUPPLEMENTS

In Psittacus Catalonia we focus all our efforts on the development of specific complete formulas (extruded foods and hand feeding formulas), since their use guarantees an optimal and balanced nutrition.

However, it is common for breeding centres to offer mixed diets, in which com-plete foods are combined with seed mixtures.

This type of diet provides a greater diversity of foods which lead to a greater environmental enrichment, but it also entails the insufficient contribution of some nutrients. Seed mixtures are especially deficient in calcium and some vitamins and trace elements.

It is also usual to offer the seeds germinated. This practice allows to take ad-vantage of the nutritional and palatability improvement that the germination process entails. However, it also involves a sanitary risk if during the process, the sprouts become mouldy or bacterial proliferation takes place.

The aim of the following products is to improve and correct deficiencies in seed mixtures and to facilitate their management in mixed diets.

1. It is a supplementary food that should be available all year round. Its consumption is especially high during egg-laying and in young growing birds.

2. It can be offered in a separate feeder or mixed with the rest of the diet.

3. Close the bag after each use.

Instructions for using Calcium Grit

CALCIUM GRIT SILEX GRIT

*Real size

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Psittacus range � 29

Instructions for using the Vitamin-Mineral Supplement

1. It is advisable to mix the product homogeneously with the food.2. It is necessary that the product sticks to the food. For this reason,

we recommend adding it to the moist part of the diet (for exam-ple: the sprouted seeds, fruit or vegetables).

3. In birds whose diet is based on complete extruded food, we re-commend supplementing only the part corresponding to seeds and sprouts.

4. Close the bag after each use.

Instruction for using the Sprouting Helper

1. Product based on citrus that facilitates the production of sprouts, minimizing the risk of fungal and/or bacterial growth.

2. It is indicated to be added into the water used for rinsing and hydrating the sprouting seeds.

3. It is also indicated to extend the potability time of drinking water.

VITAMIN-MINERAL SPROUTING HELPER

SUPPLEMENTS Instructions for use

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30 � Psittacus range

Calcium Grit Fine / Coarse

These are complementary foods for granivorous parrots.

Calcium Grit Fine is indicated for small size parrots and Calcium Grit Coarse is aimed at medium and large parrots.

They have been designed to correct calcium deficiencies inherent in seed mixtures and from increasing calcium demands during egg-laying and growth. Birds are perfectly capable of regulating the intake of calcium-rich foods according to their needs.

Daily consumption will range between 0 % and 2 % of dry diet.

Calcium Grit can be freely available in a separate feeder or mixed with the rest of the ingredients of the diet.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 0.0 %, Crude oils and fats 0.0 %, Calcium 45.6 % (Fine), Calcium 49.3 % (Coarse)

Packaging Calcium Grit Fine: 2 kg bag.

Packaging Calcium Grit Coarse: 8 kg bag.

SUPPLEMENTS

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Psittacus range � 31

SUPPLEMENTS

Silex Grit

It is indicated for parrots with a marked granivorous specialisation (common budgerigar, forpus, agapornis, neophemas, etc).

This flint sand is calibrated to the optimum size to be ingested by these small birds (0.8 – 1.2 mm). Its consumption is essential to guarantee an optimal functioning of the gizzard and the digestive tract in general.

Its function is purely mechanical and it should not be confused with Calcium grits, which have a nutritional function as a calcium source. Contrary to what happens with Calcium grits, Silex Grit is insoluble and does not dissolve in the gizzard due to the action of gastric acids.

We recommend that Silex Grit is permanently available in an in-dependent feeder.

The amount consumed depends on the granulometry and hard-ness of the diet and the degree of granivory of the species. The most highly specialized species in the consumption of grass seeds, are the ones that have the highest requirements in mechanical grit (insoluble).

Packaging: 1 kg jar.

Support for mixed diets with seeds

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32 � Psittacus range

Vitamin-Mineral Supplement

It is a supplement for granivorous birds of the Psittacine family.

It is indicated to correct vitamin, mineral and trace elements de-ficiencies of seed mixtures. It is a powder product designed to be incorporated to the moist mixture of sprouts, boiled seeds, fruits and vegetables.

Daily dose should be 4 % of the dry weight of seeds offered.

It is necessary that the supplement adheres to food. Before or during the mixing process, it should be sprinkled on the moist in-gredients of the diet (sprouts, boiled seeds, fruit and vegetables) or on the whole diet if it contains moist ingredients.

The moist mixture enriched with this product should not be avai-lable to the birds for more than 8 hours (or even less in higher ambient temperatures). Bacterial and fungal growths that will unavoidably take place, could put the health of the birds at risk.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 17.0 %, Crude oils and fats 7.7 %.

Packaging: 700 g jar.

SUPPLEMENTS

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Psittacus range � 33

Sprouting Helper

This is a product based on citrus extracts that facilitates the pro-duction of sprouts, minimizing the risk of fungal and/or bacterial growth.

It is indicated to be added into the water used for rinsing and hydrating the sprouting seeds. It is also indicated to extend the potability time of drinking water.

For sprouts: Use a solution of 1-2 ml of Sprouting Helper per litre of water.

For drinking water: from 0.25 to 0.5 ml/litre.

Composition: Citrus extract, propylene glycol, excipient c.s.p. 100%.

Packaging: 250 ml dosing bottle.

SUPPLEMENTS Support for mixed diets with seeds

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HAND FEEDING FORMULAS

Hand Feeding formulas are indicated for hand rearing baby parrots and also for adults under medical treatment as feeding support. They have been for-mulated to constitute 100 % of the diet of a parrot chick during the entire growth period: from birth to emancipation. At weaning phase, it will gradua-lly be replaced by the most suitable formula for the species.

On average, medium- and large-sized parrots consume from 7 to 10 ml of hand feeding formula per 100 g body weight. Small parrots have a higher intake; up to 16 ml per 100 g body weight.

The recommended solid concentration in the preparation of the formula is between 20 and 25 % (a texture similar to a whipped yogurt).

It should be used warm water at a temperature between 37 and 39 ºC and avoid the use of the microwave. It is advisable to supply the formula using a soft tube.

High Energy High protein mini

cockATOO SPECIAL ECLECTUS SPECIAL LORY SPECIAL

*Real size

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Psittacus range � 35

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS

How to prepare a feeding formula

• The hand feeding formula should be chosen according to the species and the age of the chicks to be raised.

• Indicative volumes of formula intake: from 7 to 10 ml per 100 g of body weight.

• Feed the chick only when the crop is empty.• Discard leftover formula after each feeding. Prepare new formula

for each feeding bout.

NEONATAL

FRUGIVOROUS NEONATAL

PSITTACINE CROP MILK

FRUGIVOROUS PSITTACINE CROP MILK

Instructions for using and feeding the formulas

C

general recovery

Instruction for use

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High Energy Hand Feeding

It is a follow-on formula. It is indicated for hand rearing parrot species which need high fat diets (genera Psittacus, Ara, Poi-cephalus...), from the moment when pin feathers emerge. It con-tains the most suitable vegetable fat for these species: crude palm oil. It also contains papaya, which favours digestive transit.

On average, parrots consume from 7 to 10 ml of formula per fe-eding bout and per 100 g of body weight. The number of feeding bouts per day depends on the parrot species and the age.

Since it is a follow-on formula, in African grey parrots for exam-ple, it is used from the 3rd week of life. For younger animals, it is preferable to use early-age formulas (Psittacine Crop Milk or Neonatal).

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 18.0 %, Crude oils and fats 20.0 %

Packaging: 1 kg and 5 kg bags.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 37

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS

High Protein Hand Feeding

It is a follow-on formula. It is indicated for hand rearing parrot species which need diets low in fat (genera Amazona, Pionus, Psi-ttacula, Pionites...), from the moment when pin feathers emerge. It contains stable high oleic oil adequate to their needs. It also contains papaya, which favours digestive transit.

On average, parrots consume from 7 to 10 ml of formula per fe-eding bout and per 100 g of body weight. The number of feeding bouts per day depends on the parrot species and the age.

Since it is a follow-on formula, for example in Amazon parrots, it is used from the 3rd week of life. For younger animals, it is prefera-ble to use early-age formulas (Psittacine Crop Milk or Neonatal).

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 20.5 %, Crude oils and fats 10.0 %

Packaging: 1 kg and 5 kg bags.

Indicated for hand rearing parrot chicks

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38 � Psittacus range

Mini Hand Feeding

It is a follow-on formula. It is indicated for hand rearing small sized parrot species from the moment when the first neonatal phase finishes. For instance, in cockatiels it is used from the 2nd week of life.

It is specially designed for species of the genera Melopsittacus, Nymphicus, Agapornis, Neophema, Eolophus...

Daily intake ranges between 7 and 10 ml of formula per feeding bout and per 100 g of body weight. The number of feeding bouts per day depends on the parrot species and the age.

Its use is recommended until emancipation. During weaning pha-se, it should be replaced gradually by dry adult food.

For younger animals (first week of age), it is recommended to use Psittacine Crop Milk initially and a mix of both formulas af-terwards.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 21.4 %, Crude oils and fats 10.0 %.

Packaging: 350 g, 1 kg and 5 kg bags.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 39

Cockatoo Special Hand Feeding

It is a follow-on hand feeding formula. It is indicated for hand rea-ring cockatoo chicks (except cockatoos of Probosciger and Calyp-torhynchus) from the moment when feathers begin to emerge.

Daily intake ranges between 7 and 10 ml of formula per feeding bout and per 100 g of body weight. The number of feeding bouts per day depends on the parrot species and the age.

Its use is recommended until emancipation. During weaning pha-se, it should be replaced gradually by dry adult food.

Since it is a follow-on formula, it is used from the 3rd week of life. For younger animals, it is preferable to use early-age formulas (Psittacine Crop Milk or Neonatal).

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 21.0 %, Crude oils and fats 10.0 %.

Packaging: 5 kg bag.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS Indicated for hand rearing parrot chicks

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Eclectus SpecialHand Feeding

It is a follow-on hand feeding formula. It is indicated for hand rea-ring eclectus parrot chicks from the moment when feathers begin to emerge.

It contains dehydrated hibiscus flower. It also contains papaya, which favours digestive transit.

On average, parrots consume between 7 and 10 ml of formula per feeding bout and per 100 g of body weight. The number of fee-ding bouts and the amount offered should be adjusted according to the individual and development stage.

Its use is recommended until emancipation. During weaning pha-se, it should be replaced gradually by dry adult food.

Since it is a follow-on formula, it is used from the 3rd week of life. For younger animals, it is preferable to use early-age formulas (Frugivorous Psittacine Crop Milk or Frugivorous Neonatal).

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 19.5 %, Crude oils and fats 15.0 %.

Packaging: 5 kg bag.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 41

Lory SpecialHand Feeding

It is a follow-on hand feeding formula. It is indicated for hand rea-ring chicks of Loriinae Subfamily from the moment when feathers begin to emerge.

It contains dehydrated hibiscus flower. It also contains papaya, which favours digestive transit.

On average, lories consume between 7 and 10 ml of formula per feeding bout and per 100 g of body weight. The number of fee-ding bouts and the amount offered should be adjusted according to the individual and development stage.

Its use is recommended until emancipation. During weaning pha-se, it should be replaced gradually by Lory Gel and Lory Nectar dry or as a water suspension ad libitum.

Since it is a follow-on formula, it is used from the 16th day of life. For younger animals, it is preferable to use early-age formulas (Frugivorous Psittacine Crop Milk or Frugivorous Neonatal).

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 20.0 %, Crude oils and fats 14.0 %.

Packaging: 1 kg and 5 kg bags.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS Indicated for hand rearing parrot chicks

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NeonatalHand Feeding

It is an early-age hand feeding formula. It is indicated for hand rearing parrot chicks during the 2nd phase of the early-age period (from the 5th- 8th day of life until the moment when feathers begin to emerge). From that moment, it is recommended to use a follow-on formula.

We recommend Psittacine Crop Milk during the first phase of the early-age period.

It is indicated for a wide variety of species of the genera Psittacus, Ara, Amazona, Cacatua, Poicephalus, Psittacula, Aratinga, Platy-cercus...

It can also be used for chicks that require a supplement to the diet they receive from their parents. It is also very effective to recover malnourished chicks. It contains a high proportion of dehydrated whole egg. It also contains papaya, which favours the digestive transit.

From the first week of life, chicks should eat up to 6 times a day (this varies according to the species). Crop capacity indicate the amount to be fed at each feeding bout. Approximately it is be-tween 7 and 10 ml of formula per 100 g of body weight. The num-ber of feeding bouts decreases with age.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 24.0 %, Crude oils and fats 20.0 %.

Packaging: 1 kg bag.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 43

Frugivorous NeonatalHand Feeding

It is indicated for hand rearing parrot chicks with marked frugivo-rous specialization during the 2nd phase of the early-age period (from the 5th- 8th day of life until the moment when feathers begin to emerge). From that moment, it is recommended to use a follow-on formula.

We recommend that Frugivorous Psittacine Crop Milk be used in the first phase of the early-age stage.

It is designed for a great variety of parrot species of the Loriinae Subfamily and of the general Eclectus, Pyrrhura, Pionites...

It can also be given to chicks that need a supplement to the diet they receive from their parents. It is also suitable for recovering malnourished chicks. It contains a high proportion of dehydrated whole egg. It also contains papaya, which favours the digestive transit.

From the first week of life, chicks should eat up to 6 times a day (this varies according to the species). Crop capacity indicate the amount to be fed at each feeding bout. Approximately it is be-tween 7 and 10 ml of formula per 100 g of body weight. The num-ber of feeding bouts decreases with age.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 29.0 %, Crude oils and fats 19.0 %.

Packaging: 1 kg bags.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS Indicated for hand rearing parrot chicks

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PsittacineCrop Milk

It is indicated for hand rearing granivorous parrot chicks during the first phase of the early-age period (from birth to a maximum of the 7- 8 days of life, depending on the species).

It is an exclusive hand feeding formula of high concentration and digestibility.

It is advisable to administer it daily to chicks in the appropriate amount, distributed in many feeding bouts per day (usually 7-8 feeding bouts in the first days of life).

It should be prepared with warm water at a concentration of 25 % from the third day. During the first day, the concentration should increase in each feeding bout: from approximately 1 % in the first feeding bout to 20 % in the last one.

This product is especially recommended for professionals who in-cubate the eggs artificially. It allows to obtain vigorous growth of offspring similar to those obtained by the best pairs. This vigour promotes health and minimizes the risk of contracting diseases.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 44.5 %, Crude oils and fats 40.5 %.

Packaging: 500 g bags.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 45

FrugivorousPsittacine Crop Milk

It is indicated for hand rearing frugivorous parrot chicks during the first phase of the early-age period (from birth to a maximum of the 7- 8 days of life, depending on the species). It is an exclusive hand feeding formula of high concentration and digestibility.

It is advisable to administer it daily to chicks in the appropriate amount, distributed in many feeding bouts per day (usually 7-8 feeding bouts in the first days of life).

It should be prepared with warm water at a concentration of 25 % from the third day. During the first day, the concentration should increase in each feeding bout: from approximately 1 % in the first feeding bout to 20 % in the last one.

This product is especially recommended for professionals who in-cubate the eggs artificially. It allows to obtain vigorous growth of offspring similar to those obtained by the best pairs. This vigour promotes health and minimizes the risk of contracting diseases.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 39.0 %, Crude oils and fats 29.5 %.

Packaging: 500 g bags.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS Indicated for hand rearing parrot chicks

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General Recovery

It is a complete food. It is designed to be a source of nutrients easily assimilated.

It is formulated to be used as a support food in sick or injured birds in recovery process.

Due to its high content of sugars, it should not be used in birds with crop candidiasis.

It is recommended to prepare the formula incorporating it into warm water and mixing it using a stainless steel egg beater. The concentration of solids should be approximately 25 %.

The formula must be prepared for each feeding bout, and the lef-tover formula should be discarded.

Analytical constituents: Crude protein 35.0 %, Crude oils and fats 19.0 %.

Packaging: 100 g and 1 kg jars.

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS

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Psittacus range � 47

Soft Tubes

Soft tubes are the ideal complement for administering the hand feeding formulas to parrots from early ages. Their rounded tip allow the chicks to swallow them comfortably and absolutely vo-luntarily.

Probing with a soft tube is the safest and cleanest method of ad-ministering hand rearing formulas.

The different diameters of soft tubes allow to administer the formula to the different parrot species at each stage of develop-ment. Thus, for example, for African gray parrots the 5 ml tube is suitable for supplying early-age formula chicks up to 7 days. The 10 ml tube is for chicks up to 14 days. The one of 20 ml is until 4 weeks of life. From the month of life, it is advisable to use the 50 ml tube.

Using cockatiels as an example, the soft tube to be used when the feathers emerge (time when chicks are usually removed from nest) is the 10 ml one. Some days after, the 20 ml soft tube would be more useful.

• 5 ml syringe• 10 ml syringe• 20 ml syringe• 50 ml syringe

HAND FEEDING FORMULAS Indicated for hand rearing parrot chicks

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Unit Sile

x G

rit

Metabolic energy Kcal/kg 3,370 3,100 3,200 3,380 3,420 3,450 3,320 3,450 3,250 3,150 3,780 2,100 0.0 0.0 0.0Crude protein % 17.0 21.5 15.1 18.0 16.0 23.5 24.5 23.5 21.6 15.5 22.0 17.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Crude fat % 11.0 8.0 7.5 10.0 7.5 14.5 12.0 14.5 11 7.0 15.0 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0Crude fibre % 4.4 5.1 4.3 4.0 3.2 5.1 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.5 3.5 3.7 0.0 0.0 0.0Ash % 5.2 5.7 4.3 4.6 3.9 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.2 4.9 35.0 97.0 97.0 95.0Moisture % 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 3.0 3.0 5.0Methionine % 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0Lysine % 1.0 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0Calcium % 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 3.0 49.3 45.6 0.0Available phosphorous % 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 1.9 0.1 0.4 0.0Sodium % 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.09 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.05 0.10 0.05 0.32 0.24 0.0Vit. A retinol U.I./kg 4,000 4,000 4,000 5,000 5,000 4,700 4,700 4,700 4,000 4,000 5,000 127,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. A activ. U.I./kg 20,000 20,000 20,000 30,000 25,000 60,000 25,000 60,000 25,000 20,000 55,000 550,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. D3 U.I./kg 1,300 1,400 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,400 38,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. E mg/kg 240 170 300 250 210 420 300 420 350 190 210 10,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. C mg/kg 140 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 150 100 200 5,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. K3 mg/kg 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 125 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. B1 mg/kg 20 20 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 20 25 800 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. B2 mg/kg 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 20 16 20 700 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vit. B6 mg/kg 20 20 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 20 25 800 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. B12 mcg/kg 80 80 80 100 100 100 100 100 100 80 100 3,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Pantothenic acid mg/kg 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 20 16 20 700 0.0 0.0 0.0Nicotinic acid mg/kg 100 100 100 125 125 125 125 125 125 100 125 3,200 0.0 0.0 0.0Folic acid mg/kg 4,0 4,0 4,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 4,0 5,0 160 0.0 0.0 0.0

High

Ene

rgy

High

Pro

tein

Min

i

Min

or

Mic

ro

ANALYTICAL CONSTITUENTS

Bree

ding

Hig

h En

ergy

Biotin mcg/kg 700 700 700 800 800 800 800 800 800 700 800 25,000 0.0 0.0 0.0

Choline mg/kg 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,700 1,800 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,500 1,400 1,800 45,000 0.0 0.0 0.0B- carotene mg/kg 10 10 12 15 12 40 15 40 12 10 30 250 0.0 0.0 0.0Manganese mg/kg 65 72 69 85 78 81 84 81 74 70 79 1,800 0.0 0.0 0.0Iodine mg/kg 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.0 25.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Zinc mg/kg 49 53 48 58 72 58 59 58 55 50 54 775 0.0 0.0 0.0Iron mg/kg 114 124 100 120 77 84 87 84 138 131 116 1,270 0.0 0.0 0.0Copper mg/kg 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 7 7 6 23 0.0 0.0 0.0Selenium mcg/kg 230 230 230 300 300 280 280 280 230 230 300 8,500 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Psittacus range � 49

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Metabolic energy Kcal/kg 3,370 3,100 3,200 3,380 3,420 3,450 3,320 3,450 3,250 3,150 3,780 2,100 0.0 0.0 0.0Crude protein % 17.0 21.5 15.1 18.0 16.0 23.5 24.5 23.5 21.6 15.5 22.0 17.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Crude fat % 11.0 8.0 7.5 10.0 7.5 14.5 12.0 14.5 11 7.0 15.0 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0Crude fibre % 4.4 5.1 4.3 4.0 3.2 5.1 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.5 3.5 3.7 0.0 0.0 0.0Ash % 5.2 5.7 4.3 4.6 3.9 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.2 4.9 35.0 97.0 97.0 95.0Moisture % 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 3.0 3.0 5.0Methionine % 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0Lysine % 1.0 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0Calcium % 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 3.0 49.3 45.6 0.0Available phosphorous % 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 1.9 0.1 0.4 0.0Sodium % 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.09 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.05 0.10 0.05 0.32 0.24 0.0Vit. A retinol U.I./kg 4,000 4,000 4,000 5,000 5,000 4,700 4,700 4,700 4,000 4,000 5,000 127,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. A activ. U.I./kg 20,000 20,000 20,000 30,000 25,000 60,000 25,000 60,000 25,000 20,000 55,000 550,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. D3 U.I./kg 1,300 1,400 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,400 38,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. E mg/kg 240 170 300 250 210 420 300 420 350 190 210 10,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. C mg/kg 140 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 150 100 200 5,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. K3 mg/kg 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 125 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. B1 mg/kg 20 20 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 20 25 800 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. B2 mg/kg 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 20 16 20 700 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vit. B6 mg/kg 20 20 20 25 25 25 25 25 25 20 25 800 0.0 0.0 0.0Vit. B12 mcg/kg 80 80 80 100 100 100 100 100 100 80 100 3,000 0.0 0.0 0.0Pantothenic acid mg/kg 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 20 16 20 700 0.0 0.0 0.0Nicotinic acid mg/kg 100 100 100 125 125 125 125 125 125 100 125 3,200 0.0 0.0 0.0Folic acid mg/kg 4,0 4,0 4,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 4,0 5,0 160 0.0 0.0 0.0

ANALYTICAL CONSTITUENTS

Biotin mcg/kg 700 700 700 800 800 800 800 800 800 700 800 25,000 0.0 0.0 0.0

Choline mg/kg 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,700 1,800 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,500 1,400 1,800 45,000 0.0 0.0 0.0B- carotene mg/kg 10 10 12 15 12 40 15 40 12 10 30 250 0.0 0.0 0.0Manganese mg/kg 65 72 69 85 78 81 84 81 74 70 79 1,800 0.0 0.0 0.0Iodine mg/kg 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.0 25.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Zinc mg/kg 49 53 48 58 72 58 59 58 55 50 54 775 0.0 0.0 0.0Iron mg/kg 114 124 100 120 77 84 87 84 138 131 116 1,270 0.0 0.0 0.0Copper mg/kg 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 7 7 6 23 0.0 0.0 0.0Selenium mcg/kg 230 230 230 300 300 280 280 280 230 230 300 8,500 0.0 0.0 0.0

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50 � Psittacus range

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Metabolic energy Kcal/kg 3,760 3,220 3,220 3,750 3,800 5,020 4,430 3,140 3,480 3,420 3,120 2,600 2,875 3,340 3,960Crude protein % 18.0 20.5 21.4 24.0 29.0 44.5 39.0 21.0 19.5 20.0 17.0 7.0 13.0 20.0 35.0Crude fat % 20.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 19.0 40.5 29.5 10.0 15.0 14.0 8.0 3.0 5.0 10.0 19.0Crude fibre % 4.1 4.8 4.8 4.1 3.8 2.4 2.8 5.7 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.8 3.2 4.0 0.2Ash % 6.4 5.9 5.8 6.9 5.4 6.3 6.7 5.5 4.9 4.9 4.4 3.2 3.6 4.6 5.1Moisture % 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 6.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 8.0 8.0 6.0Methionine % 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.6 1.1Lysine % 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.8 3.0 2.5 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.9 0.4 0.8 1.0 2.2Calcium % 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.8Available phosphorous % 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4Sodium % 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.17 0.32 0.58 0.52 0.12 0.14 0.13 0.10 0.04 0.13 0.12 0.48Vit. A retinol U.I./kg 4,100 4,700 4,600 4,000 4,200 4,000 4,000 4,400 4,000 3,300 3,100 2,500 2,750 5,000 5,000Vit. A activ. U.I./kg 90,000 45,000 35,000 65,000 55,000 125,000 100,000 37,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 50,000 30,000 25,000 50,000Vit. D3 U.I./kg 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,200 1,200 1,300 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,000 550 800 1,100 1,500Vit. E mg/kg 320 250 280 290 300 330 330 280 280 240 180 110 140 250 500Vit. C mg/kg 200 210 200 200 240 200 200 200 170 150 100 50 60 200 300Vit. K3 mg/kg 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.8 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.2 2.5 3.3 5.0 5.0Vit. B1 mg/kg 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 22 20 14 20 25 40Vit. B2 mg/kg 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 17 16 10 13 20 30

Vit. B6 mg/kg 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 22 20 14 17 25 35Vit. B12 mcg/kg 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 85 80 50 65 100 120Pantothenic acid mg/kg 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 17 16 10 13 20 30Nicotinic acid mg/kg 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 105 100 65 80 125 130Folic acid mg/kg 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 2.5 3.2 5.0 7.0

Biotin mcg/kg 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 700 700 400 550 800 1,100Choline mg/kg 1,500 1,700 1,700 1,300 1,500 1,400 1,600 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,100 900 1,000 1,800 1,800B- carotene mg/kg 50 25 18 40 33 60 60 18 37 30 22 30 16 15 27Manganese mg/kg 71 82 80 71 70 65 71 78 80 60 55 38 46 86 79Iodine mg/kg 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0Zinc mg/kg 48 55 55 48 44 56 43 54 49 45 45 24 40 59 40Iron mg/kg 155 150 151 165 74 134 77 147 156 59 90 68 80 125 168Copper mg/kg 7 8 8 7 6 7 6 8 7 6 6 3 5 8 6Selenium mcg/kg 250 280 280 250 280 280 280 280 280 230 230 170 190 300 340

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Psittacus range � 51

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ANALYTICAL CONSTITUENTS

Metabolic energy Kcal/kg 3,760 3,220 3,220 3,750 3,800 5,020 4,430 3,140 3,480 3,420 3,120 2,600 2,875 3,340 3,960Crude protein % 18.0 20.5 21.4 24.0 29.0 44.5 39.0 21.0 19.5 20.0 17.0 7.0 13.0 20.0 35.0Crude fat % 20.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 19.0 40.5 29.5 10.0 15.0 14.0 8.0 3.0 5.0 10.0 19.0Crude fibre % 4.1 4.8 4.8 4.1 3.8 2.4 2.8 5.7 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.8 3.2 4.0 0.2Ash % 6.4 5.9 5.8 6.9 5.4 6.3 6.7 5.5 4.9 4.9 4.4 3.2 3.6 4.6 5.1Moisture % 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 6.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 8.0 8.0 6.0Methionine % 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.6 1.1Lysine % 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.8 3.0 2.5 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.9 0.4 0.8 1.0 2.2Calcium % 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.8Available phosphorous % 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4Sodium % 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.17 0.32 0.58 0.52 0.12 0.14 0.13 0.10 0.04 0.13 0.12 0.48Vit. A retinol U.I./kg 4,100 4,700 4,600 4,000 4,200 4,000 4,000 4,400 4,000 3,300 3,100 2,500 2,750 5,000 5,000Vit. A activ. U.I./kg 90,000 45,000 35,000 65,000 55,000 125,000 100,000 37,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 50,000 30,000 25,000 50,000Vit. D3 U.I./kg 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,200 1,200 1,300 1,100 1,100 1,000 1,000 550 800 1,100 1,500Vit. E mg/kg 320 250 280 290 300 330 330 280 280 240 180 110 140 250 500Vit. C mg/kg 200 210 200 200 240 200 200 200 170 150 100 50 60 200 300Vit. K3 mg/kg 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.8 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.2 2.5 3.3 5.0 5.0Vit. B1 mg/kg 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 22 20 14 20 25 40Vit. B2 mg/kg 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 17 16 10 13 20 30

Vit. B6 mg/kg 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 22 20 14 17 25 35Vit. B12 mcg/kg 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 85 80 50 65 100 120Pantothenic acid mg/kg 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 17 16 10 13 20 30Nicotinic acid mg/kg 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 105 100 65 80 125 130Folic acid mg/kg 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 2.5 3.2 5.0 7.0

Biotin mcg/kg 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 700 700 400 550 800 1,100Choline mg/kg 1,500 1,700 1,700 1,300 1,500 1,400 1,600 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,100 900 1,000 1,800 1,800B- carotene mg/kg 50 25 18 40 33 60 60 18 37 30 22 30 16 15 27Manganese mg/kg 71 82 80 71 70 65 71 78 80 60 55 38 46 86 79Iodine mg/kg 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.0Zinc mg/kg 48 55 55 48 44 56 43 54 49 45 45 24 40 59 40Iron mg/kg 155 150 151 165 74 134 77 147 156 59 90 68 80 125 168Copper mg/kg 7 8 8 7 6 7 6 8 7 6 6 3 5 8 6Selenium mcg/kg 250 280 280 250 280 280 280 280 280 230 230 170 190 300 340