ps lunch talk 01 dec 2004. bvibvi sn1a are standardizable candles: bright = slow dim = fast one...
Post on 22-Dec-2015
215 views
TRANSCRIPT
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
B
V
I
SN1a arestandardizablecandles:
Bright = slow Dim = fast
One parameteryields 10%luminosity distances
SNIa Similarity and Diversity
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Luminosity Distance and Cosmological Parameters
(Impress the ignorant)
(See what’s going on)
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Z (m-M)
0.5 0.13 +/- 0.05
1.0 0.00 +/- 0.08
1.5 -0.10 +/- 0.10
(speculative!)
Luminosity Distances: 0.5 < z < 1.5
Z=0.5Z=
1.0
Z=1.5
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
SNIa – Results in 1998
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Fall 2001 Continuous Search
Barris et al. 2004
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
SNIa - Results in 2003
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
2dF: Mh = 0.2 ± 0.03KP: h = 0.72 ± 0.08
Constraints on M, , and w
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Higher z with ACS and GOODS
5 z-band epochs, spaced by 45 days, simultaneous v,i band, 120 tilesCDFS=08/02-02/03 HDFN=11/02-05/03
(Adam Riess, PI)
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
2003ak(1.57)
2002fz(0.839)
2003aj(1.4)
2002ga(0.988)
2002kb(0.474)
2002fv(~1.0)
2002lg(0.61)
2002fw(1.3)
2002hs(0.388)
2002hp(1.3)
2002hq(0.74)
2002kd(0.735)
2002fx(~1.8)
2003al(0.91)2002ke
(0.578)
2002kc(0.214)
2002hr(0.526)
2002fy(0.88)
2002ht(?)
CDFS
2003dz(0.48)
2003er(0.63)
2003be(0.64)
2003dx(0.46)
2003bb(0.89)
2003bc(0.51)
2003ew(0.66)2003eu
(0.76)
2003ba(0.47)
2002kh(0.71)2003et
(0.83)
2003en(0.54)
2003es(0.968)
2003en(0.54)2003dy
(1.37)
2003ea(0.89)
Vilas(0.86)
2003eb(0.92)
2003bd(0.67)
2003eq(0.85)
2002kl(0.39)
2003az(1.27)
2002ki(1.14)
HDFN
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Aphrodite: ACS Delivers!Aphrodite (z=1.3)
ACS grism spectrum
NICMOS F110W
ACS F850lp
viz
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Images
Subtractions
discoveryThoth: Hidden by its Host
red, ellipticalhost
z=1.3
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Gilgamesh z=1.6
ACSf850lp
NICMOSF110W
F160W
discovery ~+10 days ~+20 days
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
HST: Crucial for z > 1!
Ground-based
z=1.06
z=1.20
HST+ACS: z=1.30
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
The New SN Ia Hubble Diagram
97ff6 of the 7 highest redshift SNIa
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
The Cosmic Acceleration Persists
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
… and the Contours for Shrink.
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
The Nature of Dark Energy
• What isis this stuff???• Three clues:
– Quantity (flat?)– Quality w (-1?)– Constancy dw/dt (0?)
w w
present acceleration
past
dec
eler
atio
n
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
SNIa Progenitors and Gestation
Dahlen et al. 2004 Strolger et al. 2004
Still a big mystery!
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Progress on Dark Energy using SNIa
• Essential for – w0, w’ constraints– Progess in systematics:
• Host galaxies• Colors (rest frame UV)• SNxx contamination• Spectra• Evolution
– Progenitors and IC’s
• Want >10,000, need 1000• Wide field, optical colors
• Essential for– w0, w’ constraints
– Immunity to systematics
• Want 300, need 30• Use z, J, H, and grism• Challenge is improving
search efficiency
z > 1HST only
z < 1Ground based
z
d
1
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Ground-based Searches
ProjectStart - End
GPix Harvest Clrs Sampling
Essence
CTIO 4m2001 - 2005
0.0640
per yr2
2 week
campaign
CFHTLS
CFHT 3.6m2003 - 2008
0.4200
per yr3
2 week
campaign
Pan-STARRS Telescope #1
2006 - 2007
1100
per mo5
Every 4 days
Pan-STARRS 2007 - 41000
per mo5
Every 4 days
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Pan-STARRS Survey ComparisonC
over
age
log(
deg2
)
Limiting magnitude
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Constraints on w
Pan-STARRS – 1 year
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
SNIa Distances without Redshifts
Barris et al. 2004
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
SNIa Distances without Redshifts
Barris et al. 2004
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Distance and Redshift from SNIa Photometry Alone
Barris et al. 2004
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
The Nature of Dark Energy, II
• Cosmological Constant– Consistent with the
observations at 1-– All theorists hate it
w
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Supernova Systematics• Uninteresting (avoidable)
– Photometry error (0.03 0.01)– UV SEDs (0.05 0.00)– Poor LC coverage (0.04 0.00)– Host extinction (0.06 0.03)
• Interesting (intrinsic)– SN1a: progenitor, initial conditions, trigger (z)– Host extinction and properties (z)– Gravitational lensing (z)– Transparency of IGM (z)
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004Hoeflich et al.Niemeyer et al.
Turbulent flame consuming a white dwarf
Luminosity-decline rate
Spectra
Theoretical Models for SNIa
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
What Causes the Diversity?
• Progenitors may have different– Mass (luminosity ~ 56Ni mass)– Metallicity (Z n 56Ni )– Age (22Ne sedimentation?)– Binary companion (???)– Mass transfer mechanism (???)
• Explosion may have different– Trigger mechanism (???)– Propagation (deflagration/detonation, “weather”, etc)
• Good news: – Chandresekhar mass and NSE make explosions quite uniform
(~50% and 1 parameter gets us to ~20%)
• Bad news:– Plenty of room for unknown systematics at the 2% level
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Models are Un(der)constrained
• Understanding the explosion is not enough• Need explosion mechanism and initial conditions
– A small fraction of WD explode– WDs which do explode wait a long time
• Initial conditions could easily depend on z– Age of the Universe– Galaxy interaction rate– Star formation rate– Metallicity
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Constraints on w
Pan-STARRS – 1 year
PS Lunch Talk 01 Dec 2004
Constraints on w
0.01, 0.02, 0.04 mag systematic