protein synthesis
DESCRIPTION
Protein Synthesis. Making Proteins. Which are the two major steps to make proteins?. What is Transcription? What is the purpose of transcription of RNA? What is the name of the new strand?. The process of transferring the gene's DNA into RNA in the nucleus. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Protein SynthesisProtein Synthesis
Making ProteinsMaking Proteins
Which are the two major steps Which are the two major steps to make proteins?to make proteins?
Protein Synthesis
Step 1
Transcription
Step 2
Translation
Making Proteins Step 1Making Proteins Step 1
What is Transcription?What is Transcription?
What is the purpose of What is the purpose of transcription of RNA?transcription of RNA?
What is the name of the What is the name of the new strand?new strand?
The process of transferring The process of transferring the gene's DNA into RNA in the gene's DNA into RNA in the nucleus.the nucleus.
Take the genetic Take the genetic information from DNA to information from DNA to the ribosome's the ribosome's
The RNA copy of the gene is The RNA copy of the gene is called the called the mRNAmRNA (It is a (It is a mmessenger).essenger).
Making ProteinsMaking Proteins
What is the What is the difference between difference between DNA and RNA?DNA and RNA?
mRNA differs from mRNA differs from DNA by the DNA by the substitution of uracil substitution of uracil (U) for thymine (T).(U) for thymine (T).
Also, only one Also, only one strand of mRNA is strand of mRNA is needed when needed when synthesizing synthesizing proteinsproteins
Making ProteinsMaking Proteins
DNA and mRNA are both DNA and mRNA are both constructed by a chain of constructed by a chain of nucleotides.nucleotides.
Making ProteinsMaking Proteins
Where the mRNA Where the mRNA goes after goes after Transcription?Transcription?
The mRNA leaves The mRNA leaves the cell's nucleus the cell's nucleus through nuclear through nuclear pores to go to the pores to go to the site of translation, site of translation, the ribosome's.the ribosome's.
mRNA
Making Proteins Step 2Making Proteins Step 2
What is What is Translation?Translation?
How are proteins How are proteins made?made?
It is the process It is the process where mRNA is a where mRNA is a template to make template to make proteins. proteins.
To convert the To convert the mRNA into protein, mRNA into protein, tRNA (another tRNA (another molecule) is used molecule) is used to read the mRNA. to read the mRNA.
What happens in the What happens in the Ribosome?Ribosome?
Making Proteins Step 2Making Proteins Step 2
What is a What is a codon/triplet?codon/triplet?
Example:Example:
What represents What represents each codon/triplet?each codon/triplet?
It is a sequence of 3 It is a sequence of 3 nucleotides at a nucleotides at a time.time.
CCG-UAC-GGA-UCG CCG-UAC-GGA-UCG
Each codon/triplet Each codon/triplet represents one represents one amino-acid.amino-acid.
Making ProteinsMaking Proteins
What is a What is a polypeptide?polypeptide?
It is a large protein, It is a large protein, containing many containing many molecules of amino molecules of amino acids, typically acids, typically between 10 and between 10 and 100.100.
Different Types of RNADifferent Types of RNA
How many RNA’s How many RNA’s work in the work in the protein protein synthesis?synthesis?
What is the What is the function of each function of each RNA?RNA?
mRNAmRNA tRNAtRNA rRNArRNA
mRNA genetic (messenger) mRNA genetic (messenger) to the Ribosomes.to the Ribosomes.
tRNA (transfer) tRNA (transfer) reads the reads the code and carries the code and carries the amino acid to be amino acid to be incorporated into the incorporated into the developing protein.developing protein.
rRNA (ribosomal) Site for rRNA (ribosomal) Site for proteins and proteins and carries the carries the enzymes necessary for enzymes necessary for protein synthesis.protein synthesis.