prospects for u.s.-russia cooperation in the asia-pacific region

7/27/2019 Prospects for U.S.-Russia Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific Region

1/36

us+russnohuture&`rj

@SBNFJ JS@UQ @F ]LE HU]USE @H U&Y& SUYYNO SEDO]N@FY

Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f

nf tle Osno+Qoinhi Sejn`f

]le Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno nf tle Qoinhi IefturyGEHHSE^ KOFB@HH ( @DEJ COSOCOF@X

Z`rbnfj Jr`up Qoper 9

GUD^ 31?9


2/36

Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f

nf tle Osno+Qoini Sejn`f

]le Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno nf tle Qoini Ieftury

Gehhrey kofb`hh ( `dej CoroCof`v

us+russnohuture&`rj

Z`rbnfj Jr`up Qoper 9

GUDy 31?9


3/36

Z`rbnfj Jrùp `f tle Huture `h U&Y&+Sussno Sedotn`fs

]le Z`rbnfj Jrùp `f tle Huture ` U&Y&+Sussno Sedotn`fs i`fvefes rnsnfj experts

r`k deomnfj Okerniof ofm Sussnof nfstntutn`fs t` toibde tle tl`rfnest nssues nf tle cndoterod

redotn`fslnp& Cy efjojnfj tle dotest jeferotn`f ` sil`dors nf oie+t`+oie mnsiussn`f ofm

mecote$ we onk t` jeferote nff`votnve ofodysns ofm p`dniy rei`kkefmotn`fs tlot cetter

reeit tle i`kk`f jrùfm cetweef tle U&Y& ofm Sussno tlot ns s` `tef `csiurem cy

knstrust& Ze cedneve ùr ufnque$ trudy cndoterod oppròil èrs tle cest p`teftnod `r

creobtlrùjls nf kutuod ufmerstofmnfj ofm rei`findnotn`f cetweef ùr iùftrnes&

]le Movns Iefter `r Sussnof ofm Eurosnof Ytumnes ot Lorvorm Ufnversnty ns tle U&Y&

ofil`r `r tle Z`rbnfj Jrùp& @f tle Sussnof snme$ tle portfer nfstntutn`fs ore tle

Fotn`fod Seseoril UfnversntyLnjler Yil``d ` Ei`f`knis ,Yil``d ` Z`rdm Ei`f`ky

ofm Nfterfotn`fod Ytumnes.$ ofm tle Iùfind `f H`renjf ofm Meefse Q`dniy&

]le Z`rbnfj Jrùp `f tle Huture ` U&Y&+Sussno Sedotn`fs jroteuddy oibf`wdemjes tle

supp`rt ` Iorfejne I`rp`rotn`f ` Few `rb$ @pef Yìnety Hùfmotn`fs$ tle KoiOrtlur

Hùfmotn`f$ tle Xodmon Nfterfotn`fod Mnsiussn`f Iduc$ ofm Kr& G`lf I`jof t`worm tle

i`sts ` Z`rbnfj Jrùp oitnvntnes$ nfidumnfj pr`muitn`f ` tlns rep`rt&

]le stotekefts kome ofm vnews expressem nf tlns pucdniotn`f ore s`dedy tle resp`fsncndnty `

tle outl`rs&

31?9 Gerey Kofb` ofm @dej Corocof`v

Qdeose mnreit nfqunrnes t`7

Z`rbnfj Jrùp `f tle Huture ` U&Y&+Sussno Sedotn`fs

i` Botlryf Z& ofm Yledcy Iudd`k Movns Iefter `r Sussnof ofm Eurosnof Ytumnes

Lorvorm Ufnversnty

?:91 Iokcrnmje Ytreet$ Yunte Y91?

Iokcrnmje$ KO 13?98&585&

lttp7us+russnouture&`rj

]le udd text ` tlns rep`rt nf Efjdnsl ofm nf Sussnof iof ce oiiessem ot

lttp7us+russnouture&`rjpucdniotn`fs& Dnkntem prnft i`pnes ore ods` ovondocde& ] request o

i`py$ sefm of ekond t` nfÀus+russnouture&`rj&


4/36

n Exeiutnve sukkory

? Nftr`muitn`f

9 U&Y& ofm Sussnof strotejy ofm p`dniy

nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhni

?5 Ei`f`kni meved`pkeft `h tle Sussnof Hor

Eost7 Nfterfod pr`geits ofm p`ssncndntnes h`r U&Y&

nfvestkefts

?: ]le Ilnfo hoit`r nf U&Y&+ Sussno redotn`fs

3? Sei`kkefmotn`fs

35 I`fidusn`fs

38 Oibf`wdemjekefts

3: Oc`ut tle outl`rs

I`ftefts


5/36n Zn jup tl hutu U&Y&russn rtns | Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoini Sejn`f

Exeiutnve sukkory

]le Osno+Qoinhi rejn`f ns ` jr`wnfj nkp`rtofie `r c`tl tle Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno$

eoil ` wlnil seebs t` pnv`t `r recodofie nts jd`cod i`kkntkefts t`worm Osno& êt tle

ìus ` U&Y&+Sussno redotn`fs rekonfs `f Eur`pe ofm tle `rker Y`vnet Ufn`f$ ofm fentler

iùftry los ponm suhineft otteftn`f t` tle nkpdniotn`fs ` tlenr respeitnve Osnof pnv`ts

`r tle cndoterod redotn`fslnp& Ynfie U&Y&+Sussno redotn`fs nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhi rekonf

ufmermeved`pem$ tle rejn`f l`dms tle p`teftnod t` oit os o s`rt ` doc`rot`ry `r trynfj ùt

few keilofnsks `r cndoterod ofm kudtndoterod i``perotn`f&

C`tl iùftrnes ore turfnfj t` Osno prnkorndy t` cefeht r`k Osnos ei`f`kni myfoknsk& Ot

tle soke tnke$ tley rei`jfnze tlot Osnos jr`wtl ns nkperndem cy o rofje ` tromntn`fod ofm

f`ftromntn`fod seiurnty tlreots$ r`k tle fuideor+tnppem stofm` `f tle B`reof Qefnfsudo t`

terrnt`rnod mnsputes nf tle Eost Ilnfo Yeo ofm Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo t` terr`rnsk$ idnkote ilofje$

knjrotn`f$ ofm `tler trofsfotn`fod iloddefjes& Ok`fj tle k`st nkp`rtoft mrnvers ` ilofje

nf Osno ns tle i`ftnfuem rnse ` Ilnfo$ wlnil ns nf mnereft woys o irntniod portfer `r c`tl

Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w&

Ceiouse Osnos ei`f`kni ofm seiurnty dofmsiope rekonfs nf ux ofm tle dejoines `

knstrust lofjnfj `ver U&Y&+Sussno redotn`fs nf Eur`pe ore dess pr`fùfiem$ K`si`w ofm

Zoslnfjt`f love of `pp`rtufnty t` cundm k`re eeitnve `rks ` i``perotn`f r`k tle

jrùfm up& ]lns wndd requnre e`rts r`k c`tl snmes& ]le Ufntem Ytotes kust rei`finde

i``perotn`f wntl Sussno wntl nts exnstnfj i`kkntkefts$ nfidumnfj d`fj+stofmnfj oddnofie

redotn`fslnps ofm jr`wnfj seiurnty i``perotn`f wntl severod stotes nf tle rejn`f& Sussnos

iloddefje dnes konfdy nf i`fvnfinfj stotes ofm rejn`fod nfstntutn`fs tlot nt ns of nkp`rtoft

pdoyer nf tle rejn`fwlnil nf turf requnres nt t` k`re uddy nftejrote Yncerno ofm tle

Sussnof Hor Eost nft` Osnos rejn`fod ei`f`kyofm k`re tlof o rejn`fod soteddnte ` Ilnfo&


6/36Exeiutnve sukkory | www&us+russnohuture&`rj

] `veri`ke `cstoides t` ofm urtler meved`p U&Y&+Sussno i``perotn`f nf Osno$ tlns poper

pr`p`ses tle `dd`wnfj7

Sussno slùdm snjfod nts i`kkntkeft t` Osno cy meepefnfj nts p`dntniod ofm ei`f`kni

efjojekeft oir`ss tle Osno+Qoinhi$ wlnde tle Ufntem Ytotes slùdm ce `pef t` Sussno

pdoynfj o dorjer r`de nf tle rejn`f&

C`tl iùftrnes slùdm pnv`t t`worm Osno os o wl`de$ rotler tlof t`worm `fdy Ilnfo& Cy

efjojnfj o wnmer rofje ` Osnof portfers$ Sussno iof oddevnote wnmespreom i`fierfs tlot

nt ns f`t of nfmepefmeft oit`r ofm ottroit o cròmer rofje ` nfvestkeft iopntod `r nts

Hor Eost& O dess Ynfìeftrni oppròil cy tle Ufntem Ytotes wndd pr`vnme ossurofies tlot

Zoslnfjt`f ns f`t pursunfj o strotejy ` i`ftonfkeft$ wlnil nf turf wndd odd`w k`re

spoie `r i``perotn`f wntl Sussno ,ofm `tler Osnof p`wers.&

Meepef i``perotn`f `f B`reo$ wntl tle Ufntem Ytotes cenfj k`re `pef t` Sussnof

pr`p`sods `r nfvestkeft ofm trofs+B`reof nfrostruiture nf exilofje `r vernhocde

pr`jress `f F`rtl B`reos mefuideornzotn`f&

Z`rb t`jetler t` mesnjf o k`re eeitnve ei`f`kni ofm seiurnty orilnteiture `r Osno&

Sussno ofm tle Ufntem Ytotes slùdm ojree t` pr`k`te tle Eost Osno Yukknt ,EOY.

os tle iefterpneie ` o fetw`rbem oppròil t` rejn`fod i``perotn`f$ wlnde usnfj

tle ]rofs+Qoinhi Qortferslnps ,]QQ. ei`f`kni irnterno os of ofil`r `r omvofinfj

ei`f`kni re`rk nf Sussno&

Efiùroje rei`findnotn`f ofm o res`dutn`f ` tle terrnt`rnod mnspute cetweef Sussno ofm

Gopof&

G`nftdy express supp`rt `r tle prnfinpde ` reem`k ` fovnjotn`f ofm o res`dutn`f `

korntnke terrnt`rnod mnsputes `f tle cosns ` nfterfotn`fod dow&


7/36

Eost Osno& ,Ufnversnty `h ]exos Dncrornes$ 31??.


8/36Nftr`muitn`f | www&us+russnohuture&`rj ?

Nftr`muitn`f

Os tle iefter ` jd`cod p`dntniod ofm ei`f`kni myfoknsk i`ftnfues nts slnt r`k tle

Otdoftni t` tle Qoinhi$ Osno ns nfireosnfjdy nkp`rtoft nf tle mnpd`kotni$ ei`f`kni$ ofm

strotejni iodiudotn`fs ` c`tl tle Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno$ iùftrnes wl`se `renjf

efjojekeft los ìusem lnst`rnioddy k`re `f Eur`pe ofm tle Eur`+Otdoftni rejn`f& Zlnde

tle Osno+Qoinhi p`ses fukerùs iloddefjes t` c`tl K`si`w ofm Zoslnfjt`f$ o jr`wnfj

ìus `f tle rejn`f ods` pr`vnmes o p`teftnod ùfmotn`f `r meepefnfj U&Y&+Sussno

i``perotn`f$ snfie kofy ` tle i`kpdex lnst`rniod dejoines tlot curmef U&Y&+Sussno redotn`fs

nf Eur`pe ofm tle `rker Y`vnet Ufn`f ore dess pr`fùfiem nf Osno& I``perotn`f nf Osno

ofm tle Qoinhi iùdm ods` ledp omvofie seiurnty ofm pr`spernty oir`ss tle rejn`fcut wndd

requnre K`si`w ofm Zoslnfjt`f t` eoil tlnfb mnereftdy ocùt tle r`de tle `tler iof pdoy&

Ypeinhioddy$ tle Ufntem Ytotes wndd love t` cejnf tobnfj Sussno sernùsdy os of Osnof p`wer$wlnde Sussno wndd love t` jnve k`re sucstofie t` nts Osnof okcntn`fs ofm express jreoter

`peffess t` w`rbnfj wntl tle Ufntem Ytotes&

Nf s`ke woys$ Sussno ofm tle Ufntem Ytotes efjoje nf k`re i`kpetntn`f tlof i``perotn`f

nf tle Osno+Qoinhi$ odtlùjl tle rejn`f los usuoddy ceef sei`fmory nf tle redotn`fslnp t`

Eur`pe ofm tle `rker Y`vnet Ufn`f& I`kpetntn`f prem`knfotem murnfj tle I`dm Zor$

espeinoddy murnfj tle wors nf B`reo ofm Xnetfok& Evef t`moy$ Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w

ore tle rejn`fs tw` konf orks suppdners$ tlenr weop`fs i`ftroits servnfj os o pr`xy `r

p`dntniod nfuefie ,espeinoddy `r Sussno$ jnvef nts redotnve doib ` `tler iorms t` pdoy.&?

]le stote ` tlenr respeitnve redotn`fs wntl tlnrm iùftrnes$ f`tocdy Ilnfo$ ods` dnknts

tlenr iopointy `r i``perotn`f$ ot deost nf tle sl`rt ruf& K`re nkp`rtoft$ cndoterod redotn`fscetweef tle Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno nf Osno rekonf ufmermeved`pem&

@fe snjfnhioft `cstoide t` i``perotn`f ns tlot Sussno ntsed oppeors okcnvodeft ocùt pdoynfj

o k`re pr`knfeft r`de nf Osnof ei`f`kni ofm seiurnty oonrs2 portdy os o i`fsequefie$ nt

ns ocseft r`k U&Y& tlnfbnfj ocùt tle ei`f`kni ofm seiurnty efvnr`fkeft ` tle rejn`f&

F`twntlstofmnfj o jr`wnfj rlet`rniod ìus `f Osno ofm tle nkpr`vekeft ` tnes wntl

iùftrnes nfidumnfj Ilnfo$ Nfmno$ ofm Xnetfok$ Sussnos ei`f`kni$ mnpd`kotni$ ofm kndntory

iefter ` jrovnty rekonfs very kuil nf Eurosno rotler tlof tle Osno+Qoinhi& H`r tle Ufntem

Ytotes$ wlnil los ceef o kog`r oit`r nf tle Qoinhi ot deost snfie I`kk`m`re Kottlew

Qerrys jufcòts estocdnslem tle @pef M``r t` Gopof nf tle ? ,5. ,Yeptekcer@it`cer 311>.7 :


9/363 Zn jup tl hutu U&Y&russn rtns | Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoini Sejn`f

nkp`rtofie `r tle U&Y& ,ofm jd`cod. ei`f`ky ofm$suc r`so$ i`fierf tlot Ilnfos rnse wos

ireotnfj i`fierf ok`fj fenjlc`rnfj stotes ofm nkperndnfj rejn`fod stocndnty& Sussno pdoyem

odk`st f` r`de$ p`sntnve `r fejotnve$ nf tlns strotejni iodiudus$ ofm ns f`t evef keftn`fem nf

k`st `hinod stotekefts mnsiussnfj tle U&Y& pnv`t& 3

Fevertledess$ tle Ufntem Ytotes iùdm cefeht r`k nfstntutn`fodnznfj i``perotn`f wntl

Sussno nf tle Osno+Qoinhi os o keofs ` c`tl strefjtlefnfj U&Y&+Sussno i``perotn`f k`recròmdy ofm efiùrojnfj Sussno t` i`ftrncute k`re t` rejn`fod meved`pkeft ofm seiurnty&

Sussno los tle p`teftnod t` entler omvofie `r lnfmer o rofje ` U&Y& seiurnty jòds nf c`tl

F`rtleost ofm Yùtleost Osno$ r`k efmnfj tle stofm` `f tle B`reof Qefnfsudo t`

`sternfj o k`re eeitnve kudtndoterod seiurnty orilnteiture& ]le Ufntem Ytotes wùdm ods`

dnbe t` ov`nm o Sussnof strotejni oddnofie wntl Ilnfo& M`nfj s` requnres U&Y& `peffess t`

Sussno tobnfj k`re strotejni nfntnotnve nf tle rejn`f&

Jreoter i``perotn`f wntl tle Ufntem Ytotes ns ods` i`fsnsteft wntl K`si`ws ekerjnfj

oppròil t` Osno& ] tle exteft tlot K`si`w ospnres t` o dorjer r`de nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhi$

nt ioff`t nf tle d`fj ruf o`rm t` ce ot ir`ss+purp`ses wntl Zoslnfjt`fufdess nt ns

preporem t` uddy suc`rmnfote nts strotejni nfmepefmefie t` Cengnfj& H`r Sussno t` c`tlpdoy o dorjer r`de nf Osno ofm oilneve jreoter i``perotn`f wntl tle Ufntem Ytotes$ nt kust

cei`ke o k`re sucstoftnod Osnof pdoyer ntsed& ]lot keofs kobnfj o jreoter i`kkntkeft t`

rejn`fod `rjofnzotn`fs ofm meepefnfj cndoterod tnes nf c`tl F`rtleost ofm Yùtleost Osno& Nt

ods` keofs nftejrotnfj Yncerno ofm tle Hor Eost k`re uddy nft` tle c``knfj Osnof rejn`fod

ei`f`ky$ wlnil nf turf requnres o kuil jreoter i`kkntkeft t` nkpr`vnfj tle nfvestkeft

idnkote nf `rmer t` ottroit `renjf nfvestkeft r`k mnverse sùries nf Osno$ os wedd os r`k

tle Ufntem Ytotes&

]le k`st nkp`rtoft reos`f `r jreoter U&Y&+Sussno i``perotn`f ns tle i`ftrncutn`f tle

tw` iùftrnes iof kobe t` ommressnfj s`ke ` tle k`st irntniod ei`f`kni ofm seiurnty

iloddefjes oinfj Osno ofm tle Qoinhi& Odreomy$ Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w love ceefw`rbnfj t`jetler nf tle i`ftext ` tle ,f`w suspefmem. Ynx Qorty ]odbs `f F`rtl B`reof

mefuideornzotn`f& ]ley love i``perotem t` iùfter pnroiy$ terr`rnsk$ ofm `tler trofsfotn`fod

tlreots& Nf Gudy 31?3$ Sussno evef portninpotem `r tle hrst tnke nf tle U&Y&+dem SNKQOI

fovod exerinses$ mesnjfem t` pr`k`te i`ddoc`rotn`f ofm nfter`perocndnty ok`fj tle rejn`fs

fovnes& Ytndd$ i``perotn`f cetweef K`si`w ofm Zoslnfjt`f represefts s`ketlnfj ` of

uftoppem resùrie `r pr`k`tnfj rejn`fod pr`spernty ofm seiurnty&

3 Yee c`tl Lnddory S`mlok Idnft`f$ Okernios Qoinhi Ieftury$ Sekorbs ot tle Eost+Zest Iefter$ U&Y&Meportkeft ` Ytote$ F`vekcer ?1$ 31??$ lttp7www&stote&j`vseiretoryrk31?????:8>>>&ltk2 ofm YustonfnfjU&Y& Jd`cod Deomerslnp7 Qrn`rntnes h`r 3?st+Ieftury Mehefse$ U&Y& Meportkeft ` Meefse$ Gofuory 31?3$ lttp7www&meefse&j`vfewsMeefsePYtrotejniPJunmofie&pm&

]le k`st nkp`rtoft

reos`f h`r jreoter

U&Y&+Sussno i``perotn`f

nf tle rejn`f ns tle

i`ftrncutn`f tle tw`

iùftrnes iof kobe t`

ommressnfj s`ke `h tle

k`st irntniod ei`f`kni

ofm seiurnty iloddefjes

hoinfj Osno ofm tle

Qoinhni&


10/36U&Y& ofm Sussnof strotejy ofm p`dniy nf Osno ofm tle Qoini | www&us+russnohuture&`rj 9

U&Y& ofm Sussnof strotejy ofm p`dniy

nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhni

@vervnew

U&Y& ofm Sussnof nfterests nf tle Osno+Qoinhi rejn`f i`nfinme k`re tlof ns i`kk`fdy

rei`jfnzem& C`tl iùftrnes ore exeiutnfj o pnv`t t`worm Osno oter o d`fj pern`m nf wlnil

tlenr ei`f`kni$ mnpd`kotni$ ofm kndntory ìus los ceef edsewlere$ mrnvef cy o mesnre t`

lorfess Osnos jr`wtl ofm meved`pkeft t` strefjtlef tlenr `wf ei`f`knes ofm t` rekonf ot

tle iefter ` o w`rdm ei`f`ky ropnmdy slntnfj t`worm tle Qoinhi& C`tl iùftrnes rei`jfnze

os wedd tlot Osnos nfseiurnty represefts o iloddefje t` nts pr`spernty$ ofm udtnkotedy t` tlenr

`wf fotn`fod seiurnty& ]ley ods` slore o i`fierf ocùt tle nkpoit ` Ilnfos rnse$ tlùjl

tley woft t` konftonf p`sntnve redotn`fs wntl Cengnfj t` tle exteft p`ssncde&

]le jreoter ìus `f tle Osno+Qoinhi nf c`tl Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w ns dorjedy tle resudt

` tle rejn`fs nfireosnfj nkp`rtofie t` tle w`rdm ei`f`ky& Osnos jr`ss rejn`fod pr`muit

f`w exieems -?> trnddn`f$ ofm k`re tlof lod ` Osnof stotes trome ns i`fmuitem wntlnf

tle rejn`f&9 Evef tlùjl jr`wtl nf kuil ` Osno sd`wem nf 31?3$ tle rejn`fs ei`f`kni

ùtd``b rekonfs i`kporotnvedy p`sntnve ot o tnke wlef kuil ` tle Zest ofm Sussno oie

i`ftnfuem leomwnfms&= Os corrners t` trome ofm nfvestkeft wntlnf Osno odd$ tle Ufntem

Ytotes ofm Sussno rnsb cenfj ot o mnsomvoftoje n tley m` f`t love o soy nf slopnfj tle rudes

j`verfnfj ei`f`kni oitnvnty nf tle Osno+Qoinhi&

Mespnte nts ropnm jr`wtl ofm meved`pkeft `ver tle post jeferotn`f$ Osnos pr`spernty

rekonfs nkperndem cy o rofje ` tromntn`fod ofm f`ftromntn`fod seiurnty iloddefjes&

Ufiertonfty ocùt Ilnfos d`fj+terk nfteftn`fs ns o kog`r i`fierf `r c`tl Zoslnfjt`f

ofm K`si`w ofm los odreomy ojjrovotem tefsn`fs$ ronsnfj tle speiter ` uture i`fnit

surrùfmnfj c`tl tle kudtnsnmem terrnt`rnod mnspute nf tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo ofm tle Ynf`+

Gopofese mnspute nf tle Eost Ilnfo Yeo&5 ]lùjl ir`ss+Ytronts tnes love nkpr`vem nf reieft

yeors$ ]onwofs okcnjuùs stotus$ od`fj wntl tle U&Y& juoroftee ` ]onwofs seiurnty$

9

Evof O& Henjefcouk ofm S`cert O& Koffnfj$ O ]ode ` ]w` Osnos$H`renjf Q`dniy$ @it`cer 9?$ 31?3$ lttp7www&`renjfp`dniy&i`kortnides31?3?191oPtodeP`Ptw`Posnos

= ]le Nfterfotn`fod K`fetory Hufm ,NKH. estnkotes tlot Osno os o wl`de jrew 5&=% nf 31?3$ wntl jr`wtl nf Ilnfo$Nfm`fesno$ ]londofm$ ofm Xnetfok odd surpossnfj 5% ,ofm Nfmno ofm tle Qlndnppnfes gust ced`w.& Yee Nfterfotn`fodK`fetory Hufm$ Z`rdm Ei`f`kni @utd``b$ @it`cer 31?3$ lttp7www&nk&`rjexterfodpucstwe`31?313pmi3&pm&

5 ]le mnsputem p`ssessn`fs nf tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo nfidume tle Yprotdy Nsdofms ,cetweef Ilnfo$ Xnetfok$ ]onwof$Kodoysno$ ofm tle Qlndnppnfes$ wntl Crufen ods` doynfj idonk t` of exidusnve ei`f`kni z`fe nf tle orilnpedoj`.$ tleQoroied Nsdofms ,cetweef Ilnfo$ Xnetfok$ ofm ]onwof.$ ofm Yiorc`rùjl Ylòd ,cetweef Ilnfo$ ]onwof$ ofm tleQlndnppnfes.& Korntnke cùfmornes nf ofm orùfm tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo ore ods` mnsputem& Nf tle Eost Ilnfo Yeo$Ilnfo$ ]onwof$ ofm Gopof mnspute `wferslnp ` tle YefbobuMno`yu Nsdofms&


11/36= Zn jup tl hutu U&Y&russn rtns | Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoini Sejn`f

rekonfs o oslp`nft ofm p`teftnoddy tle sùrie ` o kog`r i`fnit& Keofwlnde$ F`rtl

B`reos fuideor pr`jrok ofm requeft kndntory pr`vìotn`fs ore tlreotefnfj f`t `fdy t`

Yùtl B`reo cut ods` oir`ss kuil ` tle rejn`f& Q`dntniod ufiertonfty nf ]londofm$ konfdofm

Yùtleost Osnos rnilest ofm k`st p`werud stote$ iosts o slom`w `ver tle rejn`fs jromuod

mekìrotnzotn`f ofm tlreotefs t` exoiercote o c`rmer mnspute wntl Iokc`mno tlot los ot

tnkes turfem vn`deft& Ot tle suc+stote deved$ Nsdokni extreknsk rekonfs o pr`cdek nf ports

` Nfm`fesno$ Kodoysno$ tle Qlndnppnfes$ ofm sùtlerf ]londofm& Etlfni nfsurjefines ore ods`p`teftnoddy mestocndnznfj ,portniudordy nf CurkoKyofkor.$ tlùjl tlenr iopointy t` upset

tle cròmer rejn`fod codofie ns i`kporotnvedy dnkntem&8

Osnos ei`f`kni meved`pkeft los nf s`ke woys i`ftrncutem t` tle seiurnty mndekko

oinfj kuil ` tle rejn`f& C``knfj ei`f`knes love c``stem mekofm `r eferjy$ wlnil

los nf turf lnjldnjltem tle vudferocndnty ` korntnke il`bep`nfts suil os tle Ytronts `

Kodoiio$ Yufmo$ ofm D`kc`b& Nf port t` efsure nts `wf reem`k ` fovnjotn`f tlrùjl

tlese il`bep`nfts$ Ilnfo los ropnmdy nfireosem nts fovod p`weruednfj ofxnetnes ok`fj

tle severod Yùtleost Osnof stotes tlot mnspute Cengnfjs terrnt`rnod idonks nf tle Yùtl Ilnfo

Yeo& ]le stobes love jr`wf nf reieft yeors tlofbs t` tle mnsi`very ` few eferjy resùries&

Nfireosnfj mnspornty cetweef tle rejn`fs loves ofm love+f`ts ns keofwlnde uednfjknjrotn`f$ skujjdnfj$ pnroiy$ extreknsk$ ofm `tler ndds& Osnos meefse spefmnfj reieftdy

surpossem Eur`pes `r tle hrst tnke nf k`merf lnst`ry$ ronsnfj tle dnbednl``m os wedd os tle

i`fsequefies ` kndntory oitn`f&:

8 ]le U&Y& j`verfkeft hinoddy reers t` tle iùftry os Curko$ wlnde tle Sussnof j`verfkeft preers Kyofkor&

: Yee ]le Kndntory Codofie 31?3 ,D`fm`f7 Nfterfotn`fod Nfstntute `r Ytrotejni Ytumnes$ 31?3. `r o i`kporns`f `rejn`fod kndntory spefmnfj&

Deht t` rnjlt7 Ytronts `h Kodoiio$ Yufmo ofm Dokc`b& ,Ieftrod Nfteddnjefie Ojefiy$ 311=.


12/36U&Y& ofm Sussnof strotejy ofm p`dniy nf Osno ofm tle Qoini | www&us+russnohuture&`rj 5

K`re`ver$ i`kporem t` Eur`pe$ Osno los o rejn`fod orilnteiture tlot ns ufmermeved`pem

ofm dess iopocde ` kofojnfj kudtnpde je`p`dntniod rnvodrnes& Sejn`fod jrùpnfjs suil os

tle Osno Qoinhi Ei`f`kni I``perotn`f ,OQEI. `ruk$ tle Ossìnotn`f ` Yùtleost Osnof

Fotn`fs ,OYEOF.$ tle OYEOF Sejn`fod H`ruk ,OSH.$ OYEOF"9$ OYEOF"8$ tle

Ilnofj Kon Nfntnotnve$ ofm tle Eost Osno Yukknt ,EOY. exnst$ cut tley love lnst`rnioddy

suerem r`k kekcer stotes i`kpetnfj ojefmos$ ufmernfstntutn`fodnzotn`f$ ofm o doib `

kutuod i``rmnfotn`f& Jnvef tle wnmedy mnereft p`dntniod systeks ` tle vornùs Osno+Qoinhistotes ofm tlenr mnverjnfj seiurnty i`fierfs$ suil `rjofnzotn`fs love ods` ceef f`tocdy dess

suiiessud nf pr`k`tnfj seiurnty i``perotn`f tlof nf efiùrojnfj ei`f`kni nftejrotn`f

ofm trome dnfbs ok`fj kekcers&< Uftnd reieftdy$ Sussno ofm tle Ufntem Ytotes love ceef

`fdy pernpleroddy nfv`dvem nf tlese `rjofnzotn`fs$ cut c`tl wùdm dnbe t` see tlek k`re

eeitnvedy ommress tle rejn`fs kudtnpde iloddefjes&

U&Y& p`dniy nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhni

]le U&Y& pnv`t t` Osno ìuses ot `fie `f slopnfj of `pef$ korbet+mrnvef rejn`fod

ei`f`kni `rmer ofm `f efsurnfj d`fj+terk seiurnty `f tle cosns ` Zoslnfjt`fs exnstnfj

oddnofie redotn`fslnps&> Zlnde tle r`de ` tle Ufntem Ytotes ofm tle U&Y& kndntory wndd rekonf

ieftrod$ of nkp`rtoft i`kp`feft ` Zoslnfjt`fs strotejy `r tle rejn`f ns strefjtlefnfj

tle iopointy ` portfer stotes ofm nfstntutn`fs nf `rmer t` ireote o k`re myfokni rejn`fod

seiurnty efvnr`fkeft& H`rker Yeiretory ` Ytote Lnddory Idnft`f mesirncem tle snx pnddors `

U&Y& efjojekeft nf tle Osno+Qoinhi os7

strefjtlefnfj cndoterod seiurnty oddnofies

meepefnfj redotn`fslnps wntl ekerjnfj p`wers$ nfidumnfj wntl Ilnfo

efjojnfj wntl rejn`fod kudtndoterod nfstntutn`fs

expofmnfj trome ofm nfvestkeft

`rjnfj o cròm+cosem kndntory presefie

omvofinfj mekìroiy ofm lukof rnjlts&?1

]lùjl Sussno ns o p`teftnoddy nkp`rtoft Osno+Qoinhi p`wer$ nt ns f`tocdy ocseft r`k k`st

U&Y& strotejni tlnfbnfj ocùt tle rejn`f&

< ]nk Luxdey$ OYEOFs Knxem Coj$ ]le Mnpd`kot$ lttp7opoi3131&tle+mnpd`kot&i`keotureoseof%E3%>s+knxem+coj&

> Yustonfnfj U&Y& Jd`cod Deomerslnp7 Qrn`rntnes `r 3?st+Ieftury Meefse$ U&Y& Meportkeft Meefse$ Gofuory31?3$ lttp7www&meefse&j`vfewsMeefsePYtrotejniPJunmofie&pm&

?1Idnft`f$ Okernios Qoinhi Ieftury&

]lùjl Sussno ns o

p`teftnoddy nkp`rtoft

Osno+Qoinhni p`wer$ nt

ns f`tocdy ocseft hr`k

k`st U&Y& strotejni

tlnfbnfj ocùt tlerejn`f&



Ot tle iefter ` Zoslnfjt`fs rejn`fod strotejy ns o sernes ` cndoterod seiurnty redotn`fslnps

`rjem `ver tle post snx meiomes& Zoslnfjt`f ns cùfm cy kutuod meefse i`kkntkefts

t` tle Qlndnppnfes$ Gopof$ Oustrodno$ Yùtl B`reo$ ofm ]londofm& Nt ns ods` i`kknttem t`

konftonfnfj ]onwofs meefse iopocndntnes& Nf reieft yeors$ tle U&Y& los ods` meved`pem id`se

seiurnty portferslnps wntl Ynfjop`re$ Nfm`fesno$ Nfmno$ ofm$ nfireosnfjdy$ Xnetfok$ wlnde

resuknfj udd+siode meefse i``perotn`f wntl Few Weodofm& Evef Iokc`mno los reieftdy

cejuf portninpotnfj nf U&Y&+dem fovod exerinses$ ofm Qresnmeft @coko ceioke tle hrstU&Y& deomer t` vnsnt Curko nf F`vekcer 31?3& ]lns luc+ofm+sp`bes k`med iefterem `f

Zoslnfjt`f poroddeds tle i`ddeitnve seiurnty r`de tlot FO]@ pdoys nf Eur`pe$ odcent dess

i`kprelefsnvedy&

U&Y& seiurnty juoroftees pr`k`te stocndnty cy remuinfj tle nfieftnve `r portfer stotes

suil os Gopof ofm Yùtl B`reo t` cundm up tlenr `wf kndntornes ,nfidumnfj fuideor

weop`fs.$ wlnil iùdm preinpntote of orks roie oir`ss tle rejn`f& ] tle exteft tlot tlese

i`kkntkefts dnknt pr`speits `r i`fnit ofm ufiertonfty$ Sussno ods` cefehts2 evef murnfj

tle I`dm Zor$ K`si`w sow tle U&Y&+Gopof ofm U&Y&+Yùtl B`reo oddnofies os stocndnznfj

oit`rs nf Osnos je`p`dntnis&?? ]lese cndoterod redotn`fslnps$ l`wever$ kobe Zoslnfjt`f

ioutnùs ocùt supp`rtnfj few kudtndoterod orrofjekefts tlot knjlt ufmerknfe exnstnfjoddnofies& Jreoter U&Y&+Sussno seiurnty i``perotn`f nf Osno tlere`re requnres i`ftnfuem

Sussnof oii`kk`motn`f t` tlese oddnofies$ ofm wùdm cefeht nf portniudor r`k o

ropprìlekeft cetweef Sussno ofm Zoslnfjt`fs k`st nkp`rtoft rejn`fod oddy$ Gopof&

Nf tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo$ tle Ufntem Ytotes los sùjlt t` kofoje tle i`kpetnfj terrnt`rnod

idonks peoieuddy ofm pr`k`tem o rudes+cosem oppròil t` tle use ` korntnke i`kk`fs&

Seronfnfj r`k tobnfj o p`sntn`f `f tle i`kpetnfj terrnt`rnod idonks$ nt los nfsnstem `f

o peoieud ofm kudtndoterod mnpd`kotni oppròil t` ommressnfj tlese idonksregeitnfj

Ilnfos p`sntn`f tlot tle mnsputes slùdm ce settdem cndoteroddy& Idnft`f p`nftemdy f`tem

tlot tle Ufntem Ytotes lom o fotn`fod nfterest nf reem`k ` fovnjotn`f$ `pef oiiess t`

Osnos korntnke i`kk`fs$ ofm respeit `r nfterfotn`fod dow nf tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo$ nfo Gudy 31?1 speeil ot tle OYEOF Sejn`fod H`ruk$ o i`kkeft tlot pr`muiem of ofjry

resp`fse r`k Cengnfj&?3 Zoslnfjt`f los ods` ohrkem tlot nts kutuod meefse treoty wntl

Gopof oppdnes t` tle mnsputem YefbobuMno`yu Nsdofms nf tle Eost Ilnfo Yeo$ evef tlùjl

nt tobes f` p`sntn`f `f tle questn`f ` s`verenjfty `ver tle nsdofms ofm efiùrojes Cengnfj

ofm ]`by` t` res`dve tlenr mnspute peoieuddy&?9 Ot tle soke tnke$ tle Ufntem Ytotes los

steppem up nts mnpd`kotni ofm kndntory supp`rt `r Gopof os wedd os severod Yùtleost Osnof

stotes ,nfidumnfj Xnetfok$ tle Qlndnppnfes$ Ynfjop`re$ ofm Nfm`fesno. t` reossure tlek os

Ilnfese p`wer i`ftnfues t` jr`w& Nf sukker 31??$ Zoslnfjt`f efm`rsem o pdof cy Ilnfo

??Ufdnbe tle sntuotn`f nf Eur`pe$ tle Y`vnet Ufn`f mnm f`t vnew U&Y& tr``p mepd`ykefts nf Gopof ofm YùtlB`reo os o tlreot t` nts seiurnty$ jnvef tlenr skodd fukcers& Yee Ofmrew I& Builnfs ofm Odexen X& Woj`rsby$ ZlefSeodnsk ofm Dncerodnsk I`nfinme7 Sussnof Xnews ` U&Y& Oddnofies nf Osno$ Ytof`rm Ufnversnty$ OsnoQoinhiSeseoril Iefter Z`rbnfj Qoper$ Gudy ?>>>$ lttp7www&syjm`ks&i`kpmi`nfinme?&pm&

?3Lnddory S`mlok Idnft`f$ Sekorbs ot Qress Ovondocndnty$ U&Y& Meportkeft ` Ytote$ Gudy 39$ 31?1$ lttp7www&stote&j`vseiretoryrk31?11:?=51>5&ltk& @f tle Ilnfese resp`fse$ see Ilefj Juofj gnf ofm Zu Gno`$Y`verenjf Zoters Ore F`t nf _uestn`f$ Ilnfo Mondy$ Oujust 9?$ 31?1&

?9H`r of `vervnew$ see Hn`fo I`tt`f$ Snsnfj ]efsn`f nf tle Eost Ilnfo Yeo7 Zlot Zndd ]lns Keof `r U&Y&Mnpd`koiy0 Okerniof Yeiurnty Qr`geit Hdoslp`nft Cd`j$ Gofuory 3=$ 31?9$ lttp7okerniofseiurntypr`geit&`rjcd`j31?9rnsnfj+tefsn`f+nf+tle+eost+ilnfo+seo&


14/36U&Y& ofm Sussnof strotejy ofm p`dniy nf Osno ofm tle Qoini | www&us+russnohuture&`rj :

ofm OYEOF t` remuie tefsn`fs nf tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo ofm i`ftnfues t` pr`k`te o i`me

` i`fmuit ok`fj odd dntt`rod stotes mesnjfem t` efsure reem`k ` fovnjotn`f ofm peoieud

oiiess t` tle seos resùries&?=

Of`tler ieftrod `cgeitnve ` tle U&Y& pnv`t t` Osno los ceef t` ireote of `pef$

f`fmnsirnknfot`ry rejn`fod ei`f`kni `rmer& Nf port$ tlns oppròil onks t` dnknt tle

re`rneftotn`f ` bey iùftrnes ei`f`kni redotn`fslnps t`worm Ilnfo$ wlnil los ceefpr`k`tnfj nts `wf set ` k`re dnkntem rejn`fod trome ojreekefts tlot exidume tle Ufntem

Ytotes ,nfidumnfj OYEOF"9 ofm OYEOF"8$ os wedd os o Ilnfo+OYEOF ree trome oreo `r

IOH]O.&?5 Nt ods` onks t` mehfe tle rudes ` tle joke nf o woy tlot wndd i`ftnfue t` cefeht

U&Y& i`kpofnes ofm i`fsukers cy beepnfj corrners t` trome d`w ofm efiùrojnfj `tler

rejn`fod iùftrnes ,nfidumnfj$ nf tle d`fj ruf$ Ilnfo.$ t` ekcroie tlns vnsn`f ` p`sntnve+

suk ei`f`kni i``perotn`f `f o trofs+Qoinhi siode& Ojonf$ Sussno ns dorjedy ocseft r`k

Zoslnfjt`fs tlnfbnfj ocùt rejn`fod ei`f`kni nftejrotn`f$ cut$ espeinoddy wntl o k`re

myfokni Sussnof Hor Eost$ nt iùdm ce of nkp`rtoft pnddor ` tle few ei`f`kni `rmer&

Zoslnfjt`f los supp`rtem tle ekerjefie ` o k`re nfidusnve orilnteiture tlot i`vers

seiurnty os wedd os ei`f`kni i``perotn`f& Nf reieft yeors$ tle Ufntem Ytotes los portninpotemnf tle OYEOF Sejn`fod H`ruk ,OSH.$ tle OYEOF Meefse Knfnsters Keetnfj Qdus

,OMKK".$ tle Osnof Ei`f`kni Keetnfj ,OYEK.$ ofm$ snfie 31?1$ tle Eost Osno Yukknt

,EOY.$ wlnil Sussno g`nfem ot tle soke tnke&?8 ]le Ufntem Ytotes udtnkotedy l`pes t` cundm

o stocde rejn`fod orilnteiture iefterem `f tle EOY$ wntl tle `tler c`mnes pr`vnmnfj nfputs

t` ledp mehfe tle ojefmo `r nts offuod sukknts ofm nkpdekeftnfj nts meinsn`fs&?: Hr`k

Zoslnfjt`fs perspeitnve$ tlns nfstntutn`fod ux kobes nt eosner t` jnve Sussno o seot ot tle

tocde$ snfie$ nf i`ftrost t` FO]@ nf Eur`pe$ tle Ufntem Ytotes ns seebnfj f`t t` preserve

kudtndoterod `rjofnzotn`fs nflerntem r`k tle I`dm Zor cut t` irot few nfstntutn`fs iopocde

` ommressnfj twefty+hrst ieftury tlreots$ t` exnst nf porodded wntl nts cndoterod oddnofies&

Evef os nt d`fj fejdeitem edekefts ` rejn`fod i``perotn`f wntlnf Eost Osno suil os OYEOF$tle Ufntem Ytotes wos seebnfj t` doy o ùfmotn`f `r jreoter trofs+Qoinhi i``perotn`f$

nfntnoddy tlrùjl OQEI$ estocdnslem nf ?>$ ofm k`re reieftdy tlrùjl tle ]rofs+Qoinhi

Qortferslnp ,]QQ.$ wlnil tle Ufntem Ytotes& ofm enjlt `tlers ojreem t` estocdnsl ot tle

31?? OQEI sukknt nf L`f`dudu&?< ]le ]QQ represefts tle k`st okcntnùs pr`p`sod `r

trofs+Qoinhi nftejrotn`f yet$ i`ftonfnfj o very mekofmnfj set irnterno `r iùftrnes seebnfj

t` portninpote nf oreos suil os rejudot`ry i`fverjefie$ f`f+torn corrners$ ofm seit`rod

exidusn`fs& Zoslnfjt`f put `rworm tle ]QQ nf port os of odterfotnve t` tle sernes `

?=Burt K& Iokpcedd ,Ossnstoft Yeiretory Ytote `r Eost Osnof ofm Qoinhi Oonrs.$ nftervnew wntl ^`knurnYlnkcuf$ Gudy 3?$ 31??&

?5Emworm Jresser$ Mès U&Y& Qoinhi Q`dniy Feem o ]rome Q`dniy0 Fotn`fod Cureou ` Osnof Seseoril$ Koril 3>$

31?3$ lttp7fcr&`rjreseoriloitnvnty&ospx0nm;33>&

?8Yee Yunslefj Wlo`$ Ylopnfj tle Sejn`fod I`ftext ` Ilnfos Snse7 L`w tle @coko Omknfnstrotn f CrùjltCoib Lemje nf nts Efjojekeft wntl Ilnfo$Gùrfod `h I`ftekp`rory Ilnfo 3? ,:5. ,Gufe 31?3.7 98>+&

?:Lnddory S`mlok Idnft`f$ Nfterveftn`f ot Eost Osno Yukknt$ U&Y& Meportkeft ` Ytote$ Gudy ?3$ 31?3$ lttp7www&stote&j`vseiretoryrk31?31:?>=>$ 31??$ lttp7www&wlntelùse&j`vtle+press+`hie31????1>press+crnehfj+prevnewnfj+presnmefts+trnp+lowonn+oustrodno+ofm+nfm`fesno&

?


15/36< Zn jup tl hutu U&Y&russn rtns | Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoini Sejn`f

skodder ,knfndoterod. trome meods cenfj fej`tnotem nf Osno$ requeftdy ot Ilnfese celest$

wlnil konftonf preereftnod oiiess ofm tlreotef t` pdoie f`f+kekcer stotes suil os tle

U&Y& ot o mnsomvoftoje& Cy mehfnfj tle rudes ` tle joke `f tle cosns ` dncerod prnfinpdes$

Zoslnfjt`f ods` onks t` ireote o rejn`fod rokew`rb tlot tle kog`r Osnof ei`f`knes$

nfidumnfj Ilnfo$ wndd love dnttde il`nie cut t` ekcroie& ] tle exteft tlot tle ]QQ suiieems

nf rotn`fodnznfj tle s`+ioddem spojlettn c`wd ` rejn`fod trome ojreekefts ,k`st ` wlnil

exidume Sussno t``. ofm estocdnsles cefilkorbs `r ei`f`kni re`rk$ nt iùdm nf tle d`fjerterk ods` l`dm nkp`rtoft cefehts `r Sussnos Hor Eost&

]le Ufntem Ytotes wùdm dnbe t` see tle ekerjefie o k`re nftejrotem wec seiurnty

portferslnps nf Osno od`fjsnme nts cndoterod oddnofies& Zoslnfjt`f ns tlere`re seebnfj t`

pr`k`te jreoter seiurnty i``perotn`f ok`fj nts vornùs oddnes ,e&j&$ seebnfj t` okedn`rote

tefsn`fs cetweef Gopof ofm Yùtl B`reo. ofm t` cundm o k`re r`cust kudtndoterod orilnteiture

iefterem f tle EOY& ]lns pusl `r nfstntutn`fodnzotn`f ns k`tnvotem ot fie cy o mesnre t`

kofoje mnsputes cetweef rejn`fod stotes$ t` k`re eeitnvedy i`kcot trofsfotn`fod tlreots

suil os terr`rnsk ofm pnroiy$ ofm t` meter o Ilnfese cnm `r rejn`fod lejek`fy& Sussno slores

ot deost port ` tlns ojefmo& Murnfj tle 31?? EOY sukknt nf Codn ,tle hrst nf wlnil c`tl tle

Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno portninpotem.$ Qresnmeft @coko pressem ottefmees t` mev`te jreoterotteftn`f t` strotejni ofm seiurnty iloddefjes$ speinhioddy korntnke seiurnty$ f`fpr`dnerotn`f$

ofm mnsoster resp`fselukofntornof ossnstofie&?> Sussno$ wlnil ns snkndordy i`fierfem ocùt

tle ocsefie ` o rejn`fod seiurnty rokew`rb ofm los pdoyem o snjfnhioft r`de nf c`tl

f`fpr`dnerotn f ofm mnsoster resp`fse e`rts$ supp`rtem tlns re`rneftotn`f$ os nfmeem nt los

d`fj coibem jreoter nfstntutn`fodnzotn`f kudtndoterod seiurnty i``perotn`f nf Osno&31

Sussnof p`dniy nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhni

K`si`w t`` los cejuf seebnfj o k`re pr`knfeft r`de nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhi `ver tle post

hve yeors& Qutnf f`tem nf Yeptekcer 31?3 tlot Sussno vnews of nfireosnfjdy myfokni Osno

os tle k`st nkp`rtoft oit`r `r tle suiiessud uture ` tle wl`de iùftry&3? O ropnmdy

nfireosnfj perieftoje ` Sussnof trome ns i`fmuitem wntl Osnof stotes$ ofm Ilnfo los ceef

Sussnos dorjest snfjde trome portfer snfie 31?1&33 Nf port `r tlns reos`f ,ofm nf port t` c``st

meved`pkeft ` tle Sussnof Hor Eost.$ K`si`w los ceef pursunfj o sernes ` cndoterod ofm

kudtndoterod trome ojreekefts$ nfidumnfj wntl Xnetfok$ Few Weodofm$ Ynfjop`re$ Nfmno$ ofm

Qobnstof& Sussno ods` l`stem tle 31?3 OQEI sukknt nf Xdomnv`st`b$ wlere Qresnmeft Qutnf

ioddem `r jreoter rejn`fod trofsporefiy ofm dncerodnzotn`f$ nff`votn`f$ ofm ir`ss+c`rmer

nfrostruiture t` ledp nftejrote tle Sussnof Hor Eost nft` tle rejn`fod ei`f`ky&39

?>Hoit Yleet7 Eost Osno Yukknt$ ]le Zlnte Lùse$ F`vekcer ?>$ 31??$ lttp7www&wlntelùse&j`vtle+press+`hie31?????>oit+sleet+eost+osno+sukknt&

31 O& C`r`movbnf$ ]le Osnof Xeit`r ` Sussnos Q`dniy ofm K`merfnzotn`f$Nfterfotn`fod Ohhonrs 7 O Sussnof Gùrfod `hZ`rdm Q`dntnis$ Mnpd`koiy ( Nfterfotn`fod Sedotn`fs 58 ,5. ,31?1.7 39+91&

3?Xdomnknr Qutnf$ Of Osno+Qoinhi Jr`wtl Ojefmo$ ]le Zodd Ytreet Gùrfod$ Yeptekcer 8$ 31?3&

33 Xfeslfnono t`rj`vdno S`ssnnsb`n Hemerotsnn s` strofokn modfej` zorucezlno$ S`ssnnsbnn stotntnilesbnn ezlej`mfnb$31??$ lttp7www&jbs&rucjmrejdc??P?9NssZZZ&exeYtjm835+18&ltk&

39 Xdomnknr Qutnf$ nftervnew wntl Sussno ]`moy$ Yeptekcer 8$ 31?3$ lttp7www&brekdnf&rufews?89>9&

]le Ufntem Ytotes

wùdm dnbe t` see tle

ekerjefie `h o k`re

nftejrotem wec `h

seiurnty por tferslnps

nf Osno od`fjsnme ntscndoterod oddnofies&


16/36U&Y& ofm Sussnof strotejy ofm p`dniy nf Osno ofm tle Qoini | www&us+russnohuture&`rj >

Slet`rniod ùrnsles osnme$ K`si`w iof seek okcnvodeft ocùt Osno& Sussnof trome wntl

OQEI stotes f`w stofms ot ->8 cnddn`f$ dess tlof o quorter ` Sussnos t`tod trome v`duke

ofm of nfsnjfnhioft roitn`f ` OQEIs -?8 trnddn`f t`tod trome turf`ver&3= ]lns korjnfod

i`ftrncutn`f t` tle rejn`fod ei`f`ky ufmerknfes K`si`ws idonks t` o dorjer p`dntniod r`denf Osno ofm eems tle sbeptninsk kofy Osnof hinods express ocùt Sussno os of Osnof p`wer&

Evef wlere Sussno los estocdnslem ntsed nf tle rejn`f$ nt `tef pdoys o sei`fmory r`de& ]

tle rustrotn`f ` tle `tler portninpofts$ K`si`w wos qunte possnve nf tle Ynx Qorty ]odbs$

ofm nts leom ` stote los ondem `r tw` yeors nf o r`w t` ottefm tle Eost Osno Yukknt&

]lùjl tlef+presnmeft Mkntry Kemvemev pr`p`sem o ròmkop `r meved`pnfj redotn`fs

wntl OYEOF nf 31?1$ K`si`w stndd mès f`t love o perkofeft okcossom`r t` OYEOFs

leomquorters nf Goborto&35 F`t `fdy ns Sussnos ei`f`kni presefie nf Osno redotnvedy skodd$ ot

c`tl tle ei`f`kni ofm p`dntniod deveds$ Sussno nsofm ns perienvem nf tle rejn`f os cenfj

id`sedy tnem t` Ilnfo$ wlnil oiiùfts `r orùfm lod ` Sussnof trome turf`ver nf Osno&

3= OQEI t` Snvod EU `f Sussnof ]rome?st Meputy QK$ SNO+F`v`stn$ Oujust 3 9 ? >> = ? >> 5 ? >> 8 ? >> : ? >> < ? >> > 3 11 1 3 11 ? 3 11 3 3 11 9 3 11 = 3 11 5 3 11 8 3 11 : 3 11 < 3 11 > 3 1? 1 3 1? ?

,NKH Motocose `h ]rome

Ytotnstnis.

Sussnof trome turf`ver wntl Osnof portfers

OYEOFIlnfo

Nfmno

Gopof

Yùtl B`reo

knddn`f UYM


17/36?1 Zn jup tl hutu U&Y&russn rtns | Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoini Sejn`f

Iùftrnes nf c`tl F`rtleost ofm Yùtleost Osno tlot vnew Ilnfo os o tlreot ore tlere`re

mùcdy sbeptniod ` jnvnfj Sussno o cnjjer seot ot tle tocde& êt Sussnof deomers i`ftnfue t`

ekplosnze tlot Osno wndd rekonf ce o prn`rnty nf tle yeors t` i`ke&38

Dnbe tle Ufntem Ytotes$ Sussno rekonfs i`fierfem tlot p`dntniod v`dotndnty iùdm nkpernd

Osnos ei`f`kni meved`pkeft& Sussnos 31?9 H`renjf Q dniy I`fiept stotes tlot o O leodnfj

R`zm`r`vdefne[ ` tle kndntory+p`dntniod sntuotn`f nf Osno$ wlere o snjfnhioft p`teftnod `ri`fnit rekonfs$ kndntory orsefods ore expofmnfj$ ofm tle mofjer ` pr`dnerotn`f ` weop`fs

` koss mestruitn`f ns jr`wnfj$ ns ` prnfinpod snjfnhiofie `r Sussno&3: Sussnos i`kk`f

c`rmer wntl F`rtl B`reo$ od`fj wntl tle meved`pkeft ` nts ei`f`kni redotn`fslnp wntl

Yùtl B`reo$ los nfireosem K`si`ws nfterest nf preveftnfj mestocndnzotn`f `f tle B`reof

Qefnfsudo& Ynkndordy$ tle jr`wtl ` Sussnof exp`rts vno tle Eost Ilnfo Yeo jnves K`si`w o

stobe nf konftonfnfj stocndnty ofm reem`k ` tle seos&

Sussnos redotn`fs wntl Ilnfo love nkpr`vem mrokotnioddy snfie tle efm ` tle I`dm

Zor$ deomnfj t` tle hfod mednkntotn`f ` tle Suss`+Ilnfese c`rmer$ extefsnve kndntory

ofm kndntory+teilfniod i`ddoc`rotn`f ,nfidumnfj orks sodes ofm g`nft exerinses.$ ofm

nfstntutn`fodnzem i``perotn`f nf Ieftrod Osno nf tle i`ftext ` tle Ylofjlon I``perotn`f@rjofnzotn`f ,YI@.& Ynfie ?>>5$ Ynf`+Sussnof redotn`fs love ceef `hinoddy iloroiternzem

os o strotejni portferslnp$ wlnil los cei`ke k`re sucstoftnod nf tle dost severod yeors ,see

ced`w.& Espeinoddy ceiouse ` nts mesnre t` tobe omvoftoje ` Osnos ei`f`kni myfoknsk

`r tle meved`pkeft ` nts `wf Hor Eost$ K`si`w str`fjdy ov`rs konftonfnfj stocndnty nf

c`tl F`rtleost ofm Yùtleost Osno& êt nt los f`t tlus or pdoyem o kog`r r`de nf pr`k`tnfj

rejn`fod seiurnty& K`si`w oies o iloddefje nf codofinfj nts portferslnp wntl Ilnfo wntl

nts okcntn`fs t` pdoy o dorjer ofm k`re nfmepefmeft r`de nf Osno k`re jeferoddy& Jreoter

i``perotn`f wntl Zoslnfjt`f nf tle rejn`f wùdm odd`w K`si`w t` keet tlns iloddefje

k`re suiiessuddy&

Sussno i`ftnfues t` `pp`se F`rtl B`reos meved`pkeft ` fuideor weop`fs$ tlùjl ntlos ot tnkes ,os nf 31?1 `dd`wnfj F`rtl B`reos snfbnfj ` tle Yùtl B`reof irunser

Ile`fof. d``bem tle `tler woy ot Qy`fjyofjs kndntory pr`vìotn`fs& Keofwlnde$ Sussno

ns$ oter Ilnfo$ F`rtl B`reos k`st nkp`rtoft nfterfotn`fod portfer& Sussno ns expd`rnfj tle

p`ssncndnty ` i`fstruitnfj o trofs+B`reof rondwoy ofm jos pnpednfe r`k tle Sussnof Hor Eost

t` korbets nf Yùtl B`reo$ ofm ` estocdnslnfj ree trome z`fes nf F`rtl B`reo&

Sussnos redotn`fs wntl Yùtl B`reo love nkpr`vem mrokotnioddy nf reieft yeors& O Sussno+

Yùtl B`reof vnso+ree rejnke `r sl`rt+terk vnsnts ioke nft` eeit ot tle cejnffnfj `

31?9&3< Sussno ns o ropnmdy jr`wnfj mestnfotn`f `r Yùtl B`reof nfvestkeft ofm o kog`r

korbet `r Yùtl B`reof lnjl+teil hrks& Zntl of ei`f`ky leovndy mepefmeft `f nkp`rtem

eferjy$ Yeùd ns ods` seebnfj t` c``st mednvernes ` Sussnof `nd ofm jos& Yùtl B`reofi`kpofnes love nfvestem cnddn`fs ` m`ddors nf eferjy pr`geits nf tle Sussnof Hor Eost$ ofm

38 Yerjey Dovr`v$ Q`dntnbo S`ssnn v Oznotsb`+]nbl``beofsb`k rejn`fe7 b knru$ cez`posf`stn n ust`nilnv`kurozvntnnu$ Ytrotejni Sevnew ,Nfm`fesno.$ Oprnd 5$ 31?3$ lttp7www&knm&rucm`kpfs+rosno&fs9o1?18=113=9358>e:11=?>>i1i935::io11?:=5m:115?o?em/@pefMìukeft&

3: B`ftseptsnno vfeslfen p`dntnbn S`ssnnsb`n Hemerotsnn$ Knfnstry ` H`renjf Oonrs$ Hecruory ?3$ 31?9$ lttp7www&knm&rucm`kpfs+`sfmì&fse33ceo831>:>i935:==35:c?8115?c:/@pefMìukeft&

3< Yùtl B`reo Seomy `r Xnso+Hree ]roved wntl Sussno$ ]le K`si`w ]nkes$ @it`cer 39$ 31?3&

Dnbe tle Ufntem Ytotes$

Sussno rekonfs

i`fierfem tlot p`dntniod

v`dotndnty iùdm nkpernd

Osnos ei`f`kni

meved`pkeft&


18/36U&Y& ofm Sussnof strotejy ofm p`dniy nf Osno ofm tle Qoini | www&us+russnohuture&`rj ??

Yeùd los nfmniotem s`ke nfterest nf Sussnos pr`p`sod `r o trofs+B`reof pnpednfe&3> Os nts

tnes wntl Yùtl B`reo love strefjtlefem$ Sussno los trnem t` pr`k`te i`ftoits cetweef

Qy`fjyofj ofm Yeùd&

@fe ` tle prnfinpod `cstoides t` o k`re vnsncde Sussnof r`de nf F`rtleost Osno ns K`si`ws

mnhiudt redotn`fslnp wntl ] by`& Sussno wùdm cefeht snjfnhioftdy r`k nkpr`vem cndoterod

redotn`fs$ wlnil iùdm deom t` jreoter Gopofese nfvestkeft nf tle Sussnof Hor Eost& Sussnoofm Gopof ods` slore o i`fierf ocùt l`w Ilnfos ekerjefie wndd oeit tlek$ cut tlenr

ocndnty t` i``perote rekonfs lokperem$ oc`ve odd cy tle d`fj+ruffnfj mnspute `ver tle

Yùtlerf BurndesF`rtlerf ]errnt`rnes$ wlnil tle Sem Orky senzem r`k Gopof nf tle hfod

moys ` tle Yei`fm Z`rdm Zor& Sepeotem ottekpts t` ommress tle mnspute snfie tle i`ddopse

` tle Y`vnet Ufn`f love ceef merondem cy m`kestni p`dntnis nf c`tl iùftrnes&

F`twntlstofmnfj tle mnspute$ Sussno ofm Gopof love kofojem t` meved`p o mejree

` ei`f`kni i``perotn`f$ nfidumnfj o dncerodnzem vnso rejnke ofm pr`k`tn`f ` g`nft

veftures nf hedms nfidumnfj eferjy$ ojrniudture$ ofm nfrostruiture$ nf port tlrùjl of

Nfterj`verfkeftod I`kknttee f ]rome ofm Ei`f`kni Nssues estocdnslem nf ?>>8& Evef tlns

ei`f`kni portferslnp los ondem t` keet expeitotn`fs$ l`weverportdy ceiouse ` p`dntniodknstrust stekknfj r`k tle terrnt`rnod mnspute$ cut k`re nkp`rtoft$ ceiouse Gopofese hrks

rekonf wory ` tle p``r nfvestkeft idnkote nf tle Sussnof Hor Eost$ wlere kofy ` tlek

suerem dorje d`sses nf tle ?>>1s&91

Zlnde Sussno ns f`t o mnreit porty t` tle Yùtl ofm Eost Ilnfo Yeo terrnt`rnod mnsputes ,ofm

mès f`t woft t` ce mrowf nft` o quorred wntl Ilnfo `ver tlek.$ nt ns nfterestem nf ov`nmnfj

tlreots t` rejn`fod stocndnty$ jnvef nts rednofie `f seo dofes nf tle Eost Ilnfo Yeo `r nts

exp`rts t` Osno ofm nts expofmnfj tnes tlrùjlùt Yùtleost Osno$ portniudordy wntl Xnetfok&

Nfmeem$ ei`f`kni redotn`fs cetweef K`si`w ofm Lof`n love jr`wf ropnmdy ,cndoterod trome

ns f`w k`re tlof -9&5 cnddn`f.$ ofm c`tl ore seebnfj t` expofm tlenr strotejni portferslnp t`

ommress few iloddefjes&9? @ver Ilnfese pr`tests$ severod Sussnof hrks love snjfem i`ftroitswntl Xnetfok `r `sl`re `nd ofm jos expd`rotn`f nf tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo& Nf 31??$ Sussno

dòfem Xnetfok -< cnddn`f t` poy `r o Sussnof+cundt fuideor p`wer pdoft silemudem t` i`ke

`fdnfe nf 3131& Lof`n los ods` cei`ke o kog`r puriloser ` Sussnof weop`fry$ nfidumnfj

tle snx omvofiem Bnd` idoss suckornfes nt ojreem t` cuy `r -?&< cnddn`f nf 311>& Sussno ns ods`

seebnfj t` expofm orks sodes edsewlere nf Yùtleost Osno$ nfidumnfj t` ]londofm$ Nfm`fesno$

Do`s$ ofm Kodoysno$ os wedd os t` d`fjtnke iust`ker Nfmno&93

3> G`lf B& ^n$ Sussno ofm Yùtl B`reo7 Kuil Om` Ocùt Y`ketlnfj$Nfterfotn`fod Q`dniy Mnjest$ @it`cer 38$ 31??$lttp7www&nfterfotn`fodp`dniymnjest&`rj31???138russno+ofm+sùtl+b`reo+kuil+om`+ocùt+s`ketlnfj&

91 Yee Yl`niln Nt`l$ Sussno D``bs Eost7 Eferjy Korbets ofm Je`p`dntnis nf F`rtleost Osno$ IYNY Sep`rt$ Gudy31??$ ==+5=& I`ftrory t` Sussnof expeitotn`fs$ Gopofese i`kpofnes mnm f`t nfvest nf i`fstruitn`f tle EostYncerno+Qoinhi @ieof ,EYQ@. nd pnpednfe t` Sussnos Qoinhi iòst oir`ss r`k Gopof$ ofm Gopofese nfvestkeftrekonfs i`fhfem t` knf`rnty stobes nf tle Yoblodnf+? ofm Yoblodnf+3 pr`geits&

9?Xu ]ru`fj Blofl ofm Goi`c Jr`fl`dt+Qemersef$ Xnetfok K`ves `f @nd Sehfery ofm Fuideor Qdoft$ ]le ZoddYtreet Gùrfod$ F`vekcer :$ 31?3&

93 Nvof Kotsorsby$ Sussno Yl`ws Zeop`fs Yysteks nf ]londofm$ Sussno ( Nfmno Sep`rt$ Koril ?=$ 31?3$ lttp7nfmrus&nfortnides31?319?=russnoPsl`wsPweop`fPsysteksPnfPtlondofmP?5?=1&ltkd2 Sussnof+Do`tnof QortferslnpMeved`ps EeitnvedyKemvemev$ X nie h Sussno$ F`vekcer 5$ 31?3$ lttp7efjdnsl&ruvr&ru31?3P??P15Sussnof+Do`tnof+cndoterod+portferslnp+meved ps+eeitnvedy+Kemvemev

@fe `h tle prnfinpod

`cstoides t` o k`re

vnsncde Sussnof r`de

nf F`rtleost Osno ns

K`si`ws mnhhniudt

redotn`fslnp wntl ]`by`&



]lùjl Cengnfj `cgeits t` tlese sodes$ Sussnof `hinods orjue tlot rekonfnfj possnve

os OYEOF kekcers meefse spefmnfj c``ks wùdm `fdy efsure tlot Sussnof orks

kofuoiturers d`se ùt t` tlenr U&Y& i`kpetnt`rs nf tle w`rdms ostest jr`wnfj orks

korbet&99 ]lrùjl o sernes ` lnjl+pr`hde vnsnts ofm stotekefts$ K`si`w los kome ideor nt

wndd f`t jnve nf t` Ilnfese pressure t` remuie nts presefie nf Yùtleost Osno& ]lese orks

i`ftroits ofm curje`fnfj i`kkerinod redotn`fslnps jnve Sussno ot deost of nfmnreit stobe nf

`pp`snfj Ilnfese e`rts t` ossert i`ftr`d `ver tle Yùtl ofm Eost Ilnfo seos&9=

Sussnos nfireosnfj mepefmefie `f stocndnty ofm premnitocndnty oir`ss Osno ufmerpnfs nts

jr`wnfj otteftn`f t` rejn`fod orilnteiture& et nts ocndnty t` i`ftrncute eeitnvedy t` tlns

orilnteiture ns dnkntem cy questn`fs ocùt nts i`kkntkeft t` Osno ofm cy tle okcnvodefie

` kofy rejn`fod p`wers ocùt tle pr`speit ` of eflofiem Sussnof r`de& Mespnte Sussnos

nfidusn`f nf tle EOY nf 31?1$ tle ocsefie ` Sussnof presnmefts r`k tle post tw` sukknts

los em sbeptninsk oir`ss tle rejn`f ocùt K`si`ws i`kkntkeft$ f`twntlstofmnfj

supp`rtnve stotekefts r`k Sussnof `hinods ofm mnpd`kots&95

Zlnde tle Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno c`tl supp`rt tle ekerjefie ` tle EOY os o `ruk

`r ommressnfj rejn`fod seiurnty nssues$ tley m` f`t see eye+t`+eye `f tle foture ` tl`seiloddefjes& Sussno$ nf tofmek wntl Ilnfo$ pr`p`sem o set ` prnfinpdes `r Eost Osnof

seiurnty i``perotn`f `dd`wnfj o keetnfj cetweef Kemvemev ofm tlef+Ilnfese presnmeft

Lu Gnfto` nf Yeptekcer 31?1 tlot ekplosnzes nfterfotn`fod dow$ f`f+cdì oppròiles$

equodnty$ `peffess ofm nfidusnvefess os tle cosns `r rejn`fod seiurnty i``perotn`f&98 ]le

Ufntem Ytotes sees tlns pdot`rk os o tlreot t` nts oddnofie redotn`fslnps ofm los d`ccnem

ojonfst nt wntlnf tle EOY&

K`re i`fstruitnvedy$ K`si`w supp`rtem strefjtlefnfj dnfbs cetweef OQEI ofm tle EOY os

o i`re tosb ` nts OQEI presnmefiy nf 31?3&9: Zntl tlns step$ Sussno eeitnvedy oibf`wdemjem

tle ieftrodnty ` tle EOY t` Osnos ekerjnfj kudtndoterod orilnteiture ofm ekcroiem tle

trofs+Qoinhi vnsn`f ` rejn`fod i``perotn`f ods` supp`rtem cy tle Ufntem Ytotes& Espeinoddywntl o Sussnof i`kkntkeft t` i`fstruitnve efjojekeft$ tle EOY iùdm cei`ke tle cose

`r tle wnmer kudtn`rkot fetw`rb `r i``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoinhi rejn`f tlot Sussnof

`hinods love pr`k`tem$ ofm tlot i`nfinmes t` s`ke mejree wntl Zoslnfjt`fs vnsn`f ` of

EOY+ieftrni rejn`fod orilnteiture&9115e8ei53c933==35:oci119o55e8/@pefMìukeft& Ods` see tle mnsiussn`f ` tle EOY nf Sussnos31?9 H`renjf Q`dniy I`fiept& Sussnof Knfnstry ` H`renjf Oonrs$ I`fiept ` tle H`renjf Q`dniy ` tle Sussnof

Hemerotn`f ,Efjdnsl trofsdotn`f.$ Hecruory ?3$ 31?9$ lttp7www&knm&rucm`kpcrpP=&fse:115cicc9:89ei?8>i1i935::io11?:=5m:115?o?em/@pefMìukeft&


20/36U&Y& ofm Sussnof strotejy ofm p dniy nf Osno ofm tle Qoini | www&us+russnohuture&`rj ?9

Sussno nfntnoddy expressem dnttde nfterest nf tle ]QQ$ cut wntl k`re nftefse otteftn`f t` tle

Osno+Qoinhi rejn`f nf tle hrst k`ftls ` Sussnos OQEI presnmefiy$ Sussnof `hinods cejof

kobnfj k`re p`sntnve stotekefts$ wlnde ods` eil`nfj Zoslnfjt`fs iodd `r o dncerodnzotn`f `

trome os port ` nts ojefmo `r OQEI&9> Ynfie wroppnfj up nts Z]@ oiiessn`f nf knm+31?3$

Sussno los nftefsnhem fej`tnotn`fs `r cndoterod ree trome z`fes wntl s`ke stotes tlot ore

,`r wndd ce. bey ]QQ omlerefts$ nfidumnfj Few Weodofm ofm Xnetfok& Zntl o str`fj stote

presefie nf nts ei`f`ky ofm o wedter ` trome restrnitn`fs$ Sussno ntsed rekonfs o d`fj woyr`k quodnynfj `r tle ]QQ2 k`re`ver$ Ilnfese i`fierf tlot tle ]QQ represefts o tlreot t`

nts okcntn`fs `r o Cengnfj+iefterem rejn`fod ei`f`kni `rmer iùpdem wntl tle Ynf`+Sussnof

strotejni portferslnp ore dnbedy t` dnknt Sussnos nfterest nf pursunfj kekcerslnp nf tle

sl`rt+t`+kemnuk terk& Fevertledess$ tle ]QQs dncerodnznfj irnterno èr o useud ròmkop

`r Sussnof ei`f`kni re`rk tlot iùdm ledp K`si`w c``st nfvestkeft nf tle Sussnof Hor

Eost ofm kobe pr`jress t`worm nts eveftuod jòd ` kekcerslnp nf tle @rjofnzotn`f `r

Ei`f`kni I``perotn`f ofm Meved`pkeft ,@EIM.&

Os Sussno seebs t` expofm nts portninpotn`f nf rejn`fod `ro tlrùjlùt Osno$ nt ns ods` strnvnfj

t` pdoie seiurnty `f tle ojefmo ` exnstnfj nfstntutn`fs ofm t` cundm o k`re eeitnve rejn`fod

seiurnty orilnteiture& ]lùjl tlns pusl `r seiurntnzotn`f ns f`t i``rmnfotem wntl tleUfntem Ytotes$ nt m`vetonds wntl Zoslnfjt`fs e`rts& Zlnde Zoslnfjt`f w`rbs t` ekcem

nts luc ofm sp`bes oddnofie systek nf o dorjer rokew`rb$ Sussno i`ftnfues t` ekplosnze

nts preerefie `r of `pef$ f`fcdì fetw`rb&=1 Kuil ` tle mnerefie ns tle resudt `

Sussnos k`re p`sntnve seiurnty redotn`fslnp wntl Ilnfo$ wl`se jr`wnfj p`wer efsures tle

i`lesn`f ` Zoslnfjt`fs fetw`rb ` oddnofies ofm portferslnps& Sussno$ tlùjl$ rei`jfnzes

tle nkp`rtofie ` ekcemmnfj Ilnfo nf ofy rejn`fod seiurnty rokew`rb$ ofm i`fsequeftdy

p`rtroys o k`re eeitnve Osnof seiurnty orilnteiture prnkorndy os o keilofnsk `r kofojnfj

tefsn`fs ofm ommressnfj trofsfotn`fod tlreots suil os terr`rnsk$ `rjofnzem irnke$ ofm

pnroiy ,os wedd os `r mnsoster resp`fse.$ rotler tlof os o t``d `r i`pnfj wntl Ilnfos rnse&=?

]le Ufntem Ytotes wùdm cefeht r`k om`ptnfj$ ot deost nf port$ tlns wnmer perspeitnve

`f rejn`fod seiurnty$ wlnil iùdm pr`vnme o ùfmotn`f `r ortler+reoilnfj U&Y&+Sussnoi``perotn`f&

9> Dovr`v f`tem nf lns ortnide f rejn`fod ei`f`kni i``perotn`f tlot Sussno id`sedy `dd`ws tle prìess ]QQmeved`pkeft& Yee ods` S`ssnno cumet stocndnznrunuslilnk obt`r`k v O]S$ nftervnew wntl Yerjey Dovr`v$Nzvestnyo$ Gofuory 3:$ 31?3&

=1 Yerjen Nvof`v$ Cundmnfj Ytrotejni I`fhmefie7 Ov`nmnfj Z`rst Iose Yieforn` Rsni[$ Ommress t` ?1tl Ylofjrn+Do Mnod`jue$ Ynfjop`re$ Gufe 5$ 31??$ lttp7www&nnss&`rji`ferefiestle+slofjrn+do+mnod`jueslofjrn+do+mnod`jue+31??speeilessnxtl+pdefory+sessn`fserjen+nvof`v&

=?Yerjey Dovr`v$ S`ssnno n O]EY7 b f`vyk j`rnz`ftok oznotsb`+tnbl``beofsb`n nftejrotsnn$ Kezlmufor`mfono zlnzf,O]EY S`ssnno 31?3 Ypetsnodfyn vypusb.7 ss& >+31&

]le Ufntem Ytotes

wùdm cefehnt hr`k

om`ptnfj$ ot deost

nf port$ tlns wnmer

perspeitnve `f

rejn`fod seiurnty$

wlnil iùdm pr`vnme o

hùfmotn`f h`r hor tler+

reoilnfj U&Y&+Sussno

i``perotn`f&


21/36?= Zn jup tl hutu U&Y&russn rtns | Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoini Sejn`f

]le Sussnof Hor Eost& ,Qoud Hntzjerodm$ 31?1.


22/36Ei`f`kni meved`pkeft h tle Sussnof Hor Eost7 Nfterfod pr`geits ofm p`ssncndntnes h`r U&Y& nfvestkefts | www&us+russnohuture&`rj ?5

Ei`f`kni meved`pkeft `h tle Sussnof Hor

Eost7 Nfterfod pr`geits ofm p`ssncndntnes h`r

U&Y& nfvestkefts

@ver tle post ew yeors$ K`si`w los kome meved`pkeft ` tle sporsedy p`pudotem Sussnof

Hor Eost o t`p prn`rnty& Snil nf foturod resùries cut pdojuem cy p``r nfrostruiture$ o

slrnfbnfj p`pudotn`f$ ofm roynfj ei`f`kni tnes t` tle rest ` Sussno$ tle Hor Eost ns ot `fie

o iloddefje ofm of `pp`rtufnty& Sussnof i`kkeftot`rs ,ofm s`ke `hinods. eor tlot tle

jromuod re`rneftotn`f ` tle Hor Eosts ei`f`ky t`worm Osno$ ofm portniudordy Ilnfo$ wndd

deom `ver tnke t` tle d`ss ` Sussnof s`verenjfty `ver tle rejn`f&

Meved`pnfj tle ei`f`ky ` tle Sussnof Hor Eost ns ot tle soke tnke osnfe quo f`f `r

Sussnos oiieptofie cy nts eosterf fenjlc`rs os o uddy Osnof p`wer& Sùjldy 98 perieft

` Sussnos terrnt`ry$ tle Hor Eost iurreftdy i`ftrncutes orùfm 9&< perieft ` Sussnos

t`tod JMQ&=3 Murnfj tle Y`vnet ero$ tle rejn`f servem konfdy os o seiurnty cuer cetweef

Ilnfo ofm tle UYYSs leortdofm ortler west& Zntl tle Y`vnet i`ddopse$ nfi`ke r`k

meefse spefmnfj wos mrokotnioddy sdoslem$ deomnfj t` tle d`ss ` k`re tlof >1 perieft `

tle Sussnof Hor Eosts leovy nfmustry ofm orùfm o quorter ` nts p`pudotn`f&=9 êt uftnd

reieftdy$ K`si`w rekonfem i`fteft t` det tle rejn`f stojfote os nt ìusem `f nkpr`vnfj

dnvnfj stofmorms `r tle kog`rnty ` nts intnzefs dnvnfj nf Eur`peof Sussno& Cy tle cejnffnfj

` tle twefty+hrst ieftury$ i`fierf ocùt Ilnfos nfireosnfj ei`f`kni pefetrotn`f dem

K`si`w t` mev`te jreoter resùries ofm otteftn`f t` Yncerno ofm tle Hor Eost2 Qutnf f`temnf 3118 tlot tle Hor Eosts ufmermeved`pkeft i`fstntutem o tlreot t` Sussnos fotn`fod

seiurnty$ ofm nf sucsequeft yeors$ k`re metondem silekes `r c``stnfj tle rejn`fs ei`f`ky

were meved`pem&== Os Ynf`+Sussnof redotn`fs love nkpr`vem nf reieft yeors$ K`si`w los

i`ke t` vnew tle p`teftnod `r Ilnfese nfvestkeft nf tle Hor Eost ofm Yncerno os k`re of

`pp`rtufnty tlof o tlreot&Nfmeem$ K`si`ws meved`pkeft strotejy `r tle rejn`f expdnintdy

ìuses `f c``stnfj trome ofm nfvestkeft tnes wntl tle myfokni ei`f`knes ` Eost ,ofm

=3

Hnjure `r 31?? iodiudotem r`k moto i`kpndem cy Sussnof Ytote Ytotnstnis I`kknttee& Sefs Dee jnves o hjure `5&8%& Yee Dee$ ]le Hor Eost Cetweef Sussno$ Ilnfo$ ofm OkernioOfodysns$ H`renjf Q`dniy Seseoril Nfstntute$

Gudy 9?$ 31?3$ lttp7www&eurosnorevnew&i`k9?1:31?3+tle+or+eost+cetweef+russno+ilnfo+ofm+okernio+ofodysns&Yuil fukcers ore s`kewlot knsdeomnfj$ l`wever$ ceiouse tley m` f`t nfidume tle vodue row koternodspr`muiem nf tle Hor Eost cy i`kpofnes dnbe Jozpr`k r S`sfet leomquorterem nf tler ports ` Sussno&

=9 Dee$ ]le Hor Eost&

== Ns`dotn`f Sussnof Hor Eost ]lreot t` Fotn`f Yeiurnty7 Qutnf$ SNO+F`v`stn$ Meiekcer 31$ 3118& Ods` seeYtrotejnno s`tsnodf`+eb`f`knilesb j` rozvntnno Modfej` X st`bo n Conbodsb`j` rejn`fo fo pern`m m` 3135 j`mo$lttp7www&knfrejn`f&ruoitnvntnesterrnt`rnodPpdoffnfjstrotejyemerodPmeved`pkeft9=82 Ytrotejnno s`tsnodf`+eb`f`knilesb`j` rozvntnno Yncnrn fo pern`m m` 3131 j`mo$ lttp7www&knfrejn`f&ruoitnvntnesterrnt`rnodPpdoffnfjstrotejyemerodPmeved`pkeftsncnrPmev&



Yùtl. Osno$ oc`ve odd Ilnfo& ]le 311< ir`ss+c`rmer i``perotn`f ojreekeft$ `r nfstofie$

estocdnslem dnfbs cetweef Sussnof knfes ofm Ilnfese prìess`rs$ ofm K`si`w ns turfnfj t`

Ilnfese nfvestkeft t` cundm up tle ojrniudturod seit`r&=5

et w`rrnes tlot Yncerno ofm tle Hor Eost wndd mrnt urtler nft` Ilnfos `rcnt love f`t ocotem&

H`r K`si`w t` meved`p tle Hor Eosts ei`f`ky wlnde ommressnfj i`fierfs ocùt Ilnfos

ùtsnzem r`de$ nt feems t` m` k`re t` mnversny c`tl trome ofm nfvestkeft potterfs nf tlerejn`f wlnde ommressnfj sernùs sl`rti`knfjs nf tle nfvestkeft idnkote& Ilnfos vost

mekofm `r row koternods ofm ocufmoft iopntod wndd i`ftnfue t` kobe nt tle rejn`fs deomnfj

sùrie ` nfvestkeft `r tle `reseeocde uture& êt tle foturod resùries ,espeinoddy eferjy$

tnkcer$ woter$ knferods$ ofm ojrniudturod dofm. ` tle Sussnof Hor Eost iùdm cefeht kofy `

Osnos `tler deomnfj ei`f`knes t``&

et K`si`ws knskofojekeft ` tle rejn`f i`ftrncutes t` o iloddefjnfj nfvestkeft

idnkote tlot dnknts tle oppetnte ` kofy hrks ofm j`verfkefts `r m`nfj cusnfess tlere&

H`r nfstofie$ tle `fj`nfj i`ftr`versy `ver tle ireotn`f ` o few Knfnstry `r Hor Eosterf

Meved`pkeft lnjldnjlts Sussnos dnkntem wnddnfjfess t` i`fsnmer jreoter out`f`ky ,hsiod

`r p`dntniod. `r tle oreo$ wlnde kofy re`rk pr`p`sods put `rworm nf omvofie ` tle OQEIsukknt nf Xdomnv`st`b were qunetdy sledvem oterworm& Nfsteom$ tle Brekdnf offùfiem nf

Koril 31?9 pdofs t` spefm -9&< trnddn`f rucdes `f nfrostruiture ofm t` iut toxes os o keofs

` eftninfj few nfvestkeft$ o pdof tlot tle Hnfofie Knfnstry ofm kofy ùtsnme experts

rejorm os wosteud ofm nfeeitnve&=8 I`knfj up wntl o iremncde pdof `r dncerodnznfj tle

nfvestkeft idnkote ofm remuinfj i`rruptn`f ns osnfe quo f`f `r K`si`w t` ottroit jreoter

`renjf ,nfidumnfj U&Y&. nfvestkeft t` tle rejn`f$ ofm nf turf `r pr`vnmnfj sucstofie t` nts

idonks t` ce o kog`r Osnof pdoyer& Zlnde K`si`w wùdm wedi`ke o wnmer rofje ` `renjf

nfvestkeft nf tle Sussnof Hor Eost$ nt i`ftnfues t` vnew nfvestkeft prnkorndy tlrùjl tle

defs ` je`p`dntnis$ f`t poynfj suhineft otteftn`f t` ei`f`kni ufmokeftods&

=5 Xdomnknr Syzlb`v et od&$ I`ftnfeft Yncerno7 Hr`k o I`d`fy t` o Jd`cod Qdoyer$Sussno nf Jd`cod Ohhonrs$Meiekcer 3:$ 31?3$ lttp7efj&jd`codoonrs&ruprnftfukceri`ftnfeft+sncerno+?5


24/36]le Ilnfo hoit`r nf U&Y&+Sussno redotn`fs | www&us+russnohuture&`rj ?:

]le Ilnfo hoit`r nf U&Y&+Sussno redotn`fs

Ilnfos ieftrodnty t` U&Y& ofm Sussnof nfv`dvekeft nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhi represefts of

`cstoide t` or+reoilnfj cndoterod i``perotn`f& Cy ofy oiiùftnfj$ Ilnfo kotters or k`re t`

tle Ufntem Ytotes tlof mès Sussno& Ot deost nf Osno$ Sussno ods` rednes kuil k`re `f Ilnfo

tlof nt mès `f tle Ufntem Ytotes& @ iùrse$ c`tl tle U&Y& ofm Sussno cefeht r`k of

ei`f`knioddy vncroft Ilnfo$ espeinoddy `fe tlot ns lnjldy nftejrotem nft` rejn`fod ei`f`kni

ofm seiurnty struitures ofm ns ot peoie wntl nts fenjlc`rs& Fevertledess$ tley slore i`fierf

ocùt tle nkpoit ` Ilnfos rnse `f rejn`fod stocndnty&

]le Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno oie o i`fufmruk nf codofinfj tlenr cndoterod redotn`fslnp

nf Osno wntl tlenr respeitnve tnes t` Cengnfj&]le Ufntem Ytotes i`fr`fts tle tekptotn`f t`

see Sussno os o iùfterwenjlt t` Ilnfo$ ofm t` pursue o portferslnp wntl K`si`w os port` o strotejy `r i`ftonfnfj Ilnfese rejn`fod nfuefie&=: ]lùjl nfireosnfjdy owore `

tle dnkntotn`fs ` nts portferslnp wntl Cengnfj$ K`si`w ns wory ` tle i`ftonfkeft d`jni

nkpdnint nf suil o U&Y& strotejy$ ofm ofy ottekpt t` `rie nt t` il``se cetweef Zoslnfjt`f

ofm Cengnfj ns tlere`re m``kem t` ond& Nf Sussno$ tle iurreft rlet`rniod oftn+Okerniofnsk

nfeitnfj kuil ` tle p`dntniod estocdnslkeft$ od`fjsnme meep+seotem `pp`sntn`f t` tle nmeo

` U&Y& jd`cod lejek`fy$ ireotes o porodded tekptotn`f t` g`nf wntl Ilnfo t` dnknt U&Y&

nfuefie nf tle Osno+Qoinhi rejn`f ,os K`si`w ofm Cengnfj love requeftdy m`fe nf tle

UF Yeiurnty Iùfind.& Odtlùjl Sussno feems j``m redotn`fs wntl nts dorjest fenjlc`r$

i``perotnfj wntl Cengnfj t` korjnfodnze tle Ufntem Ytotes p`ses kog`r rnsbs2 jnvef Ilnfos

vostdy dorjer ei`f`ky ofm p`pudotn`f$ od`fj wntl nts jr`wnfj kndntory knjlt$ Sussno wndd

nfevntocdy ce tle gufn`r portfer$ evef n kofy Sussnof `hinods ore sofjunfe ocùt suil oi`ddoc`rotn`f ofm Cengnfj jès t` jreot defjtls t` otter Sussnof sefsncndntnes& ]le Ufntem

Ytotes ofm Sussno ioff`t struiture tlenr i``perotn`f nf Osnoojonfst Ilnfo2 rotler$ tley feem

t` meved`p o kudtnoietem redotn`fslnp tlot prn`rntnzes i``perotn`f wlnde odd`wnfj c`tl t`

pursue tlenr `wf ojefmos wntl Cengnfj&

H`r tle Ufntem Ytotes$ Ilnfo ns nkp`rtoft f`t `fdy os tle konf mrnver ` Osnos pr`spernty

cut ods` os `fe ` Zoslnfjt`fs k`st nkp`rtoft ei`f`kni portfers ofm o i`ftrncut`r t`

res`dvnfj jd`cod iloddefjes& ]le tw` iùftrnes ei`f`knes ore meepdy nfteri`ffeitem$

efsurnfj o lnjl mejree ` nftermepefmefie ofm kobnfj tle U&Y&+Ilnfo redotn`fslnp

ufmokeftoddy mnereft r`k redotn`fs cetweef Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w murnfj tle I`dm

Zor& Ilnfo ns tle Ufntem Ytotes sei`fm dorjest trome portfer ,oter Iofomo.$ wntl tromev`dukes nf exiess ` -551 cnddn`f per yeor$ ofm ns tle dorjest snfjde sùrie ` U&Y& nkp`rts&=


25/36?< Zn jup tl hutu U&Y&russn rtns | Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoini Sejn`f

Ilnfo ns ods` tle dorjest l`dmer ` U&Y& `renjf mect$ wntl c`fm l`dmnfjs t`todnfj -?&38

trnddn`f nf eordy 31?92 U&Y& `hinods evef efiùrojem Ilnfo t` nfireose nts l`dmnfjs `

]reosury c`fms murnfj tle 311 hfofinod irnsns nf `rmer t` supp`rt tle U&Y& ei`f`ky&=>

Sopprìlekeft wntl Ilnfo los ods` ceef `fe ` tle k`st snjfnhioft suiiesses ` Sussnos

p`st+Y`vnet `renjf p`dniy&51 ]le redotn`fslnp$ f`w iloroiternzem os o i`kprelefsnve

strotejni portferslnp$ los lom nkp`rtoft cefehts `r c`tl snmes&5?

Ot tle soke tnke$K`si`ws ropprìlekeft wntl Cengnfj los d`fj ceef mrnvef cy supp`rt `r o k`re

kudtnp`dor w`rdm `rmer& Kofy Okerniofs ,ofm `tlers. vnew tlns os o medncerote ottekpt t`

i`fstronf U&Y& nfuefie& ]le suiiess ` U&Y&+Sussno i``perotn`f nf Osno wndd tlere`re

mepefm t` o snjfnhioft mejree `f Sussnos ocndnty t` estocdnsl strotejni nfmepefmefie cy

mnversnynfj nts redotn`fslnps oir`ss F`rtleost ofm Yùtleost Osno$ cei`knfj o udd+emjem

stobel`dmer nf Osnof ei`f`kni ofm seiurnty oonrs&

]le Suss`+Ilnfese c`rmer wos mekoriotem cy 311=$ ofm snfie tlef$ K`si`w ofm Cengnfj

love steppem up tlenr i``perotn`f nf o vornety ` spleres& Ilnfo ceioke tle prnfinpod

iust`ker `r Sussnos meefse nfmustry nf tle knm+?>>1s$ ofm tlùjl sodes pdukketem nf

tle knmmde ` tle 3111s os Ilnfos `wf meefse nfmustry k`merfnzem$ tley love rei`veremreieftdy&53 K`si`w ofm Cengnfj ods` i`fmuit g`nft kndntory exerinses$ nfidumnfj c`tl tle

YI@s offuod Qeoie Knssn`f exerinses ofm ìiosn`fod fovod kofeuvers ,nfidumnfj tl`se

ledm nf tle edd`w Yeo nf Oprnd 31?3 ofm tle Yeo ` Gopof nf Gudy 31?9.& ]le YI@ los ledpem

K`si`w ofm Cengnfj kofoje tlenr redotn`fs nf Ieftrod Osno& K`si`w ods` i`ftnfues t` tùt

tle tw` iùftrnes purp`rtem slorem i`fiept ` w`rdm `rmer$ cosem `f kudtnp`dornty$ stote

s`verenjfty$ ofm f`fnftererefie nf `tler stotes nfterfod oonrsprnfinpdes \n Gnfpnfj t``b

ponfs t` ekplosnze nf lns pucdni rekorbs murnfj lns Koril 31?9 stote vnsnt t` K`si`w&59

Ilnfo ns ods` o iruinod ei`f`kni portfer `r Sussno7 nts dorjest snfjde tromnfj portfer$ wntl

trome turf`ver ` - U&Y& Meportkeft ` ]reosury$ Kog`r H`renjf L`dmers ` ]reosury Yeiurntnes$ Koril 31?9$ lttp7www&treosury&j`vresùrie+ieftermoto+ilort+ieftertniMìukeftskl&txt&

51 Yerjey Borojof`v$ @dej Corocof`v$ ofm ]nkèy C`rmoilev$ ]`worm tle Jreot @ieof `r tle Few Jd`codnzotn`f` Sussno$ Xodmon Mnsiussn`f Iduc Sep`rt$ Gudy 31?3$ lttp7vnm+?&rnof&runjvodmon]`wormPjreotPìeofPefj&pm&

5?Qe`pdes Sepucdni Ilnfo Knfnstry ` H`renjf Oonrs$ Mon Cnfjju`7 Omlernfj t` tle Meved`pkeft Ilnfo+Sussno I`kprelefsnve Ytrotejni Qortferslnp ` I``rmnfotn`f$ Oujust 3?$ 31?3$ lttp7www&kpri&j`v&ifefj

zxxxt>83


26/36]le Ilnfo hoit`r nf U&Y&+Sussno redotn`fs | www&us+russnohuture&`rj ?>

iùftry$ ofm k`re tlof trnpde wlot Sussnof nfvest`rs m`&55 Ilnfese nfvestkefts nf

ojrniudture$ `restry$ ofm tle ilekniod ofm petr`deuk nfmustrnes nf tle rejn`f ore odd

jr`wnfj& Nf 311>$ tle presnmefts ` Sussno ofm Ilnfo snjfem tle g`nft Qr`jrok `

I``perotn`f cetweef tle Hor Eost ofm Eosterf Yncernof rejn`fs ` Sussno ofm tle F`rtl+

Eost ` tle Qe`pdes Sepucdni ` Ilnfo$ wlnil i kknts tlek t` eose ir`ss+c`rmer trome

ofm pr`k`te nfvestkeft nf trofsp`rtotn`f nfrostruiture nf tle r`ftner rejn`f&58

C`tl tle Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno fevertledess w`rry ocùt tle nkpoit ` Ilnfos jr`wnfj

ei`f`kni$ p`dntniod$ ofm kndntory p`wer `f tlenr nfterests$ nfidumnfj nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhi&5:

H`r tle Ufntem Ytotes$ wlnil twnie weft t` wor nf tle tweftnetl ieftury t` preveft

Jerkofy r`k estocdnslnfj o lejek`fni p`sntn`f nf Eur`pe ofm ùjlt o d`fj twndnjlt

strujjde wntl tle Y`vnet Ufn`f t` preveft o snkndor ùti`ke nf c`tl Eur`pe ofm Osno$ tle

pr`speit ` o revnsn`fnst Ilnfo seebnfj lejek`fy nf tle Osno+Qoinhi rejn`f ns o sùrie `

fnjltkores&5< U&Y& `hinods ods` rekonf ufiertonf wletler Ilnfo iof ce uddy nftejrotem

nft` tle dncerod nfterfotn`fod `rmer estocdnslem ot tle efm ` tle Yei`fm Z`rdm Zor&5> Zntlnf

tle rejn`f$ U&Y& `hinods w`rry tlot o k`re p`werud Ilnfo wndd re`rneft tromntn`foddy

pr`+Okerniof stotes ei`f`kni ofm p`dntniod i`kkntkefts t`worm Cengnfj$ ofm$ ot w`rst$

exidume U&Y& nfuefie r`k tle eftnre Zesterf Qoinhi& ]lese eors ore renf`riem cy tleropnm meved`pkeft ` Ilnfos kndntory$ portniudordy nts ìus `f osykketrni iopocndntnes tlot

U&Y& strotejnsts cedneve ore mesnjfem t` meter U&Y& nfterveftn`f nf p`teftnod i`fnits nf tle

Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo `r tle ]onwof Ytront&81

]le jr`wtl ` Ilnfese p`wer ns ods` o sùrie ` i`fierf nf K`si`w&8? Zlnde eors `

kossnve Ilnfese nkknjrotn`f ofm nrremeftnsk nf tle Sussnof Hor Eost love s` or pr`vef

ufùfmem$ Ilnfos ropnmdy jr`wnfj ei`f`kni ofm kndntory knjlt$ iùpdem wntl ei`f`kni

stojfotn`f ofm dorje+siode ùtknjrotn`f r`k Yncerno ofm tle Hor Eost$ deove Sussnof

ofodysts eorud ` eveftuod Hnfdofmnzotn`f$ `r tle ocofm`fkeft ` Sussnos iopointy `r

out`f`kùs p`wer pr`geitn`f nf Osno$ os tle i`fsequefie ` tle jr`wnfj nkcodofie

55 Joce I`ddnfs$ Ilnfo D``ks `ver Sussnof Hor Eost$ ]le Mnpd`kot$ Gufe 33$ 31??$ lttp7tlemnpd`kot&i`k31??1833ilnfo+d``ks+`ver+russno+or+eost& Soiled K`rorgee$ Ilnfo Mrnves Meved`pkeft ` Sussnos Hor

Eost$Sussno Cey`fm tle Leomdnfes$ Koril 3>$ 31??&

58 ]ext ovondocde ot lttp7www&knfrejn`f&ruupdòmexpPs`vetfews?1153?+pr`jrokk&mì&

5: U&Y& Meportkeft ` Meefse$ U&Y& Fuideor Q`sture Sevnew Sep`rt$ Oprnd 31?1$ lttp7www&meefse&j`vfprmìs31?1%31Fuideor%31Q`sture%31Sevnew%31Sep`rt&pm& K`re jeferoddy$ see Ilordes Jdoser$ Zndd IlnfosSnse Deom t` Zor0H`renjf Ohhonrs >1 ,3. ,KorilOprnd 31??.&

5< Lefry O& Bnssnfjer$ ]le Huture U&Y&+Ilnfese Sedotn`fs$H`renjf Ohhonrs >? ,3. ,KorilOprnd 31?3.7 ==+55&

5> J& G`lf Nbefcerry$ ]le Snse ` Ilnfo ofm tle Huture ` tle Zest7 Iof tle Dncerod Yystek Yurvnve0 H`renjfOhhonrs$



cetweef Ilnfo ofm tle Sussnof Eost&83 ] dnknt tle `w ` Ilnfese i`fsuker j``ms nft`

tle rejn`f$ tle Sussnof iust`ks servnie los ìiosn`foddy nkp`sem restrnitn`fs `f ir`ss+

c`rmer trome$ wlnde K`si`w los sùjlt t` sd`w tle meved`pkeft ` speinod ei`f`kni z`fes

od`fj tle c`rmer&89 Oter hteef yeors ` fej`tnotn`fs$ Sussno ofm Ilnfo love yet t` ojree `f

i`fmntn`fs `r tle sode ` Sussnof jos nf Ilnfese korbets$ mespnte ropnmdy jr`wnfj Ilnfese

mekofm$ Sussnos mesnre t` lemje ojonfst mepefmefie `f sodes t` Eur`pe$ ofm nts feem `r

revefues t` c``st meved`pkeft nf Yncerno ofm tle Hor Eost& ]lùjl tle meomdìb iefterskonfdy `f prnie$ Sussnof i`fierf ocùt cenfj dìbem nft` tle Ilnfese korbet ,ofm d`snfj

tle ocndnty t` entler seeb ùt few iust`kers nf Osno `r re+rùte jos t` Eur`pe. tlrùjl tle

i`fstruitn`f ` expefsnve few pnpednfes rekonfs o stnibnfj p`nft&8=

]le jr`wtl ofm k`merfnzotn`f ` Ilnfos kndntory ,kuil ` nt oii`kpdnslem wntl Sussnof

weop`fs ofm teilf`d`jy. urtler exoiercotes tlese eors& Qrnvotedy$ kofy Sussnof `hinods

ofm kndntory pers`ffed oibf`wdemje tlot K`si`ws e`rts t` c``st nts Qoinhi Hdeet ore

cosem `f odork ot tle jr`wnfj mnspornty cetweef Sussnof ofm Ilnfese iopocndntnes nf tle

rejn`f&85 Mespnte tle i`fs`dnmotn`f ` tle YI@$ Ilnfo ns ods` nfireosnfjdy of ei`f`kni ofm

p`dntniod rnvod ` Sussno nf Ieftrod Osno& ]le v`duke ` Ilnfese trome wntl ùr ` Ieftrod

Osnos hve stotes f`w exieems tle v`duke ` Sussnof trome$ ofm Sussnos pursunt ` p`st+Y`vnet nftejrotn`f tlrùjl tle Iust`ks Ufn`f ofm tle uture Eurosnof Ufn`f ns nf port

mesnjfem t` dnknt Ieftrod Osnos re`rneftotn`f t`worm tle k`re vncroft Ilnfese ei`f`ky&88

83 Yee Yerjen Borojof`v$ @dm Ynf`+Sussnof Yuspnin`fs Dnfjer Mespnte \n Xnsnt$ Yùtl Ilnfo K`rfnfj Q`st$ Koril?>$ 31?9&

89 Yee Snilorm Sùsseou$ ]le Sussno+Ilnfo Sedotn`fslnp ofm tle Sussnof Hor Eost$ ]le Mnpd`kotni Iùrner$Hecruory 31$ 31?9&

8=

]le ojreekeft reoilem nf Koril 31?9 `r K`si`w t` sedd exidusnvedy Eost Yncernof jos t` Ilnfo ,rotler tlofZest Yncernof$ wlnil iùdm ce rerùtem t` Eur`pe cosem `f ilofjnfj korbet i`fmntn`fs. represefts o snjfnhiofti`fiessn`f f Sussnos port$ tlùjl tle tw` snmes love stndd f`t ojreem f o prninfj keilofnsk& Yee Sussno$ IlnfoHnfm I`kpr`knse `f Jos Meod Oter ?5+êor Ytofm`$ Seuters$ Koril 35$ 31?9&

85 Ynk`f Yoromzlyof$ ]le S`de Ilnfo nf Sussnos Kndntory ]lnfbnfj$ Lorvorm Ufnversnty Ceder Iefter `rYinefie ofm Nfterfotn`fod Oonrs$ Koy =$ 31?1$ lttp7cederiefter&bsj&lorvorm&emupucdniotn`f31?3>r`deP`PilnfoPnfPrussnosPkndntoryPtlnfbnfj&ltkd& Ods` see S`ssnno rozvnvoet XKH fo Modfek X`st`be$ ilt`cy smerzlotebspofsnnu Bntono$ Nf`]X ,Yofben Ylnkcuf.$ @it`cer ?$ 31?3$ lttp7nf`tv&rt&i`k31?3+?1+1?S`ssnyo+rozvnvoet+

XKH+fo+Modfek&

88 Hnjures r`k Nfterfotn`fod K`fetory Hufm$ Mnreitn`f ]rome Ytotnstnis$ lttp7edncrory+moto&nk&`rjHnfmMotoSep`rts&ospx0m;9918?(e;?:1>3?&


28/36Sei`kkefmotn`fs | www&us+russnohuture&`rj 3?

Sei`kkefmotn`fs

Kobe Osno o hìod p`nft nf U&Y&+Sussno nfteroitn`fs

K`si`w ofm Zoslnfjt`f slùdm kobe mnsiussn`fs ` Osnof seiurnty o ieftrod i`kp`feft

` tlenr cndoterod seiurnty i`ftoits nf c`tl invndnof ofm kndntory iloffeds& ]lns wùdm jnve

eoil snme jreoter nfsnjlt nft` tle i`fierfs ofm prn`rntnes ` tle `tler$ wlnde ommressnfj tle

ufmokeftod pr`cdek ` tle Ufntem Ytotes f`t tobnfj Sussno sernùsdy os o pdoyer nf Osno&

Nfidumnfj mnsiussn`f ` Osno nf estocdnslem iloffeds wùdm ods` beep tle sucgeit ùt ` tle

sp`tdnjlt$ dnkntnfj tle p`teftnod `r `cgeitn`fs r`k Ilnfo `r `tler rejn`fod stotes entler

reduitoft t` love Sussno ot tle tocde `r p`teftnoddy wory ` U&Y&+Sussno i`ddoc`rotn`f&

Qnv`t t`worm Osno$ f`t Ilnfo

Sejn`fod seiurnty wùdm ods` cefeht r`k c`tl Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w cenfj `pef ocùt

tle ieftrodnty ` Ilnfo t` tlenr respeitnve Osnof strotejnes$ evef wlnde strnvnfj t` remuie

nt& Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w slùdm èr ossurofies tlot fentler sees tle `tlers tnes wntl

Cengnfj os nfi`kpotncde wntl U&Y&+Sussno i``perotn`f$ wlnde oibf`wdemjnfj tlot$ wlef nf

i`fnit$ c`tl wndd jeferoddy prn`rntnze redotn`fs wntl Cengnfj `ver meepefnfj U&Y&+Sussno

redotn`fs& Nf tlns i`ftext$ Zoslnfjt`f slùdm ossure K`si`w tlot nt mès f`t see tle Suss`+

Ilnfese i`kprelefsnve strotejni portferslnp os o tlreot$ wlnde K`si`w ùjlt t` ossure

Zoslnfjt`f tlot tlns portferslnp onks ot s`ketlnfj `tler tlof iùfternfj U&Y& nfuefieentler nf Osno `r ot tle jd`cod deved&

]le Ufntem Ytotes snkudtofeùsdy feems t` efsure tlot nts pnv`t t` Osno mès f`t cei`ke

o me hoit` strotejy `r i`ftonfnfj Ilnfo& Oitnvedy regeitnfj o i`ftonfkeft oppròil wùdm

remuie tle pressure `f Sussno t` il``se cetweef Zoslnfjt`f ofm Cengnfj$ odd`wnfj

K`si`w t` pdoy o k`re nfmepefmeft r`de nf Osno& Zoslnfjt`f slùdm pusl lormer t`

strefjtlef kudtndoterod i``perotn`f nf `rkots wlere Ilnfo los of `pp`rtufnty t` ce o udd

portninpoft ,espeinoddy of EOY wntl str`fj dnfbs t` tle OMKK" ofm OSH.& Ynkndordy$ tle

Ufntem Ytotes slùdm urje oddnem ofm portfer stotes nf c`tl F`rtleost ofm Yùtleost Osno t`

ce k`re inriukspeit nf pressnfj tlenr terrnt`rnod idonks ojonfst Cengnfj&

K`si`w keofwlnde feems t` rei`jfnze tle dnknts ` nts i`kprelefsnve strotejni

portferslnp wntl Cengnfj$ wlnil rnsbs perpetuotnfj nts stotus os of Osnof ùtsnmer ofm

renf`rinfj `tler Osnof stotes sbeptninsk tlot Sussno iof i`ftrncute nf o keofnfjud woy t`

rejn`fod seiurnty& K`si`w tlere`re feems t` prn`rntnze strefjtlefnfj nts i`kkerinod ofm

p`dntniod redotn`fslnps wntl `tler Osnof stotes ,f`t `fdy tl`se$ suil os Xnetfok$ tlot love

tefse redotn`fs wntl Cengnfj. ofm ossertnfj nts strotejni nfmepefmefie nf Osno nf `rmer t`



okedn`rote tle i`fierfs ` kofy Osnof p`wers$ os wedd os tle Ufntem Ytotes$ tlot Sussno ns o

pr`xy `r Ilnfo& ]lese steps wùdm nf turf sk``tl Sussnos potl nft` rejn`fod kudtndoterod

`ro&

B`reo7 Meepef i``perotn`f `f f`fpr`dnherotn`f$ seiurnty$ ofm ei`f`kni

meved`pkeft

Sussno ofm tle Ufntem Ytotes c`tl seeb t` dnknt ufiertonfty `f tle B`reof Qefnfsudo$ ofm

udtnkotedy oilneve mefuideornzotn`f& Nf tle sl`rt terk$ tlns nfidumes preveftnfj F`rtl B`reo

r`k iorrynfj ùt ofy urtler fuideor `r knssnde tests `r doufilnfj kndntory pr`vìotn`fs

ojonfst Yùtl B`reo& Nf tle d`fjer terk$ tlns wùdm keof dnkntnfj F`rtl B`reos fuideor

pr`jrok ufmer strnit Nfterfotn`fod Ot`kni Eferjy Ojefiy ,NOEO. `cservotn`f&

Jnvef tle meomdìb nf tle Ynx Qorty ]odbs$ tle Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno slùdm efiùroje

kudtndoterod mnsiussn`fs ` tle poroketers ` o uture meod ok`fj tle hve f`f+F`rtl

B`reof portnes t` tle todbs ,Yùtl B`reo$ Gopof$ ofm Ilnfo nf ommntn`f t` tle Ufntem Ytotes

ofm Sussno.& Zoslnfjt`f ofm tle `tler portnes slùdm ce `pef t` i`fsnmernfj K`si`wspr`p`sod t` cundm trofs+B`reof pnpednfe ofm rondwoy nfrostruiture nf exilofje `r vernhocde

pr`jress `f ioppnfj F`rtl B`reos fuideor pr`jrok$ wlnde kobnfj ideor tlot o suil

pr`jress ns o f`f+fej`tnocde i`fmntn`f `r k`vnfj `rworm&

Sussno wùdm love t` efsure tlot ufmnfj ns ovondocde `r tlese pr`geits$ ofm i`kknt t`

suppdynfj dnquehem foturod jos ,DFJ. t` Yùtl B`reo nf tle eveft tlot refewem tefsn`fs

`f tle pefnfsudo deom tle F`rtl B`reofs t` cdìb pnpednfe mednvernes& Sussno iùdm ods` èr

F`rtl B`reo nfvestkeft nf orknfj$ kofuoiturnfj$ ofm `tler seit`rs$ os wedd os o k`re

trofsporeft vnso p`dniy `r F`rtl B`reof knjroft w`rbers nf tle Sussnof Hor Eost$ os iorr`ts

`r mefuideornzotn`f&

I``perote t` cundm o k`re ehheitnve rejn`fod orilnteiture

Jnvef tlenr slorem ekplosns `f rejn`fod orilnteiture$ Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w slùdm

i`ddoc`rote t` meved`p o k`re okcntnùs ojefmo `r tle EOY$ nfidumnfj pr`k`tn`f ` c`tl

ei`f`kni nftejrotn`f ofm seiurnty i``perotn`f& Nf portniudor$ U&Y&+Sussno i``perotn`f

slùdm ìus `f tlreots i`kk`f t` tle eftnre Osno+Qoinhi rejn`f$ nfidumnfj tl`se ùtdnfem

cy Qresnmeft @coko ot Codnod`fj wntl terr`rnsk$ mruj pr`muitn`f ofm trohibnfj$ ofm

idnkote ilofje& Cundmnfj `f tle i``perotn`f meved`pem nf tle iùrse ` l`stnfj coib+t`+

coib OQEI sukknts nf 31??+?3$ tle U&Y& ofm Sussno slùdm i`fsudt cndoteroddy wntl tlenr

respeitnve rejn`fod portfers t` crnfj tlenr nfput t` tle prìess ` pdoffnfj `r uture EOYkeetnfjs&

Os Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w ore fewi`kers t` tle EOY$ kofy `tler kekcers i`ftnfue

t` see tlek os ùtsnmers& Iùfternfj tlns perieptn`f wndd requnre c`tl iùftrnes t` kobe

of ufokcnjuùs i`kkntkeft t` meved`pnfj tle EOY os tle iefterpneie ` ekerjnfj

kudtndoterod i``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoinhi$ ofm t` tlenr `wf portninpotn`f nf nt& H`r Sussno$

tlot keofs i`kknttnfj t` lovnfj presnmeftnod+deved represeftotn`f ot uture EOY keetnfjs$

Jnvef tlenr slorem

ekplosns `f c`dsternfj

rejn`fod orilnteiture$

Zoslnfjt`f ofm K`si`w

slùdm i`ddoc`rotet` meved`p o k`re

okcntnùs ojefmo h`r

tle Eost Osno Yukknt$

nfidumnfj pr`k`tn`f

`h c`tl ei`f`kni

nftejrotn`f ofm seiurnty

i``perotn`f&


30/36Sei`kkefmotn`fs | www&us+russnohuture&`rj 39

wlnil nf turf ns dnbedy t` requnre tobnfj o k`re pucdni p`sntn`f `f i`fteftnùs nssues

suil os tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo terrnt`rnod mnsputes& Ynkndordy$ Sussno slùdm hfoddy opp`nft

o udd+tnke okcossom`r t` OYEOF& ]le Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno slùdm ods` expd`re

urtler i``perotn`f nf oreos suil os oftnpnroiy e`rts ofm lukofntornof ossnstofiemnsoster

redne& ]lns e`rt wùdm m`vetond wntl nssues Sussno ns seebnfj t` prn`rntnze wntlnf tle

EOY$ ofm wùdm ods` pr`vnme o pdot`rk `r expd`rnfj `pp`rtufntnes `r i``perotn`f wntl

Ilnfo$ ledpnfj oddevnote i`fierfs nf c`tl Cengnfj ofm K`si`w tlot Zoslnfjt`fs pursunt` o str`fjer rejn`fod orilnteiture ns mrnvef cy ofnkus t`worm Ilnfo& Nt wùdm ods` odd`w

K`si`w t` mek`fstrote nts ocndnty t` pr`vnme pucdni j``ms t` `tler p`teftnod Osnof portfers&

Expofm rejn`fod trome/]QQ

Sussno slùdm i`ftnfue nts pusl t` meved`p ei`f`kni redotn`fs wntl Yùtleost Osno$

nfidumnfj usnfj nts pefmnfj ree+trome ojreekeft wntl Xnetfok os o pdot`rk `r fej`tnotnfj

o cròmer Sussno+OYEOF trome meod& ]le Ufntem Ytotes$ keofwlnde$ feems t` urtler

meved`p nts fosieft ]rofs+Qoinhi Qortferslnp t` dnfb nt k`re eeitnvedy t` exnstnfj rejn`fod

`ro$ nfidumnfj tle EOY$ wlnde i`ftnfunfj t` ekplosnze tlot ]QQ kekcerslnp ns ovondocde

t` odd wl` keet tle portferslnps irnterno `r `peffess&8: ]lese irnterno$ keofwlnde$ slùdm

ce edoc`rotem nf o woy tlot efiùrojes tle wnmest p`ssncde jrùpnfj ` stotes ,nfidumnfj

Ilnfoofm udtnkotedy Sussno. t` ospnre t` eveftuod nfidusn`f& H`r tle Ufntem Ytotes$ lovnfj

of nfmepefmeft ofm uddy i`kknttem Sussno nf tle EOY$ ofm p`ssncdy tle ]QQ nf tle d`fjer

terk$ wùdm jnve let t` tle `rjofnzotn`f$ ofm odnjf wntl Zoslnfjt`fs d`fjer+terk jòd

` ireotnfj o r`cust rejn`fod seiurnty orilnteiture tlot iof okedn`rote tle i`fsequefies `

Ilnfos rnse `f rejn`fod stocndnty&

Qr`k`te Suss`+Gopofese rei`findnotn`f

C`tl tle Ufntem Ytotes ofm Sussno wùdm cefeht r`k of efmurnfj ropprìlekeftcetweef K`si`w ofm ] by`$ wlnil requnres kobnfj pr`jress `f tle Yùtlerf Burndes

F`rtlerf ]errnt`rnes mnspute& ]le nfntnotnve `r c`dsternfj Suss`+Gopofese tnes wndd love t`

i`ke r`k K`si`w$ cut Zoslnfjt`f iof ledp cy efiùrojnfj exncndnty `f tle port ` nts

Gopofese oddy&

K`si`w slùdm stort cy rotiletnfj m`wf tefsn`fs `ver tle mnsputem nsdofms ofm cenfj k`re

pròitnve nf seebnfj o perkofeft res`dutn`f& Sussnof `hinods slùdm reronf r`k urtler

vnsnts t` tle nsdofms ,tlef+Qresnmeft Kemvemev ceioke tle hrst Sussnof deomer t` vnsnt tle

Burndes nf 31?1$ `dd`wem cy H`renjf Knfnster Dovr`v ofm `tlers.& K`si`w slùdm ods` coib

owoy r`k nts reieft e`rts t` kndntornze tle nsdofms$ nfidumnfj tle k`merfnzotn`f ` ortnddery

p`sntn`fs `f tle mnsputem nsdofm ` Bufoslnrn ofm tle p`ssncde mepd`ykeft ` fewKnstrod

ledni`pter iorrners ,i`+cundt wntl Hrofie. t` tle Burndes& Sussno iùdm ods` nkpr`ve tle `mms

` ojreekeft os wedd os tle `verodd seftnkeft cetweef tle tw` iùftrnes cy ekplosnznfj

nts `peffess t` i`kpr`knse& Nt iùdm renterote tle wnddnfjfess Qutnf sl`wem murnfj lns

hrst terk t` i`fsnmer returfnfj tw` ` tle ùr nsdofms t` Gopof$ of èr K`si`w hrst

8: ]lese ore speinhem nf tle ]QQ ojreekeft$ ovondocde ot lttp7www&kot&j`vt&fzm`wfdòmstrome+ojreekefttrofspoinhikonf+ojreekeft&pm&


31/363= Zn jup tl hutu U&Y&russn rtns | Qr`speits h`r U&Y&+Sussno I``perotn`f nf tle Osno+Qoini Sejn`f

kome nf ?>58 ,udtnkotedy siuttdem cy U&Y& `cgeitn`fs.& ]le U&Y& r`de nf pr`k`tnfj suil o

ropprìlekeft wndd ce sei`fmory$ cut Zoslnfjt`f slùdm ekplosnze t` c`tl K`si`w ofm

] by` tle cefehts ` res`dvnfj tle terrnt`rnod mnspute&

Yupp`rt res`dutn`f `h korntnke terrnt`rnod mnsputes nf tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo

Jnvef Ilnfese sefsntnvntnes ofm Sussnof reduitofie t` pnib feemdess quorreds wntl Cengnfj$

K`si`w ns ufdnbedy t` tobe o str`fj stofm `f tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo terrnt`rnod mnsputes$

mespnte nts meepefnfj tnes tlrùjlùt Yùtleost Osno& Fevertledess$ Sussno wùdm cefeht

r`k kofy ` Zoslnfjt`fs pr`p`sods `r konftonfnfj reem`k ` fovnjotn`f$ ofm slùdm

ce `pef t` ot deost possnvedy supp`rtnfj tlek& Ot tle soke tnke$ tle Ufntem Ytotes slùdm

wedi`ke o k`re vnsncde Sussnof r`de nf Yùtleost Osno$ nfidumnfj tle meved`pkeft `

str`fjer tnes cetweef Sussno ofm bey rejn`fod stotes suil os Xnetfok ofm Nfm`fesno$ os wedd

os wntl Nfmno&

Os o f`fdntt`rod stote$ Sussno los f` feem t` tobe o p`sntn`f `f tle U&Y&+sp`fs`rem i`me

` i`fmuit `r tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo per se$ cut slùdm nf jeferod terks ekplosnze tle

nkp`rtofie ` nfterfotn`fod dow os o cosns `r res`dvnfj terrnt`rnod mnsputes$ nfidumnfj

korntnke mnsputes& ]lns p`sntn`f wùdm ce i`fsnsteft wntl tle Sussnof H`renjf Q`dniy

I`fiepts nfvìotn`f ` nfterfotn`fod dow os tle cosns ` jd`cod `rmer$ ofm wùdm set o ledpud

preiemeft `r res`dvnfj terrnt`rnod idonks nf tle kedtnfj Oritni&8< Sussno slùdm ods` meidore

ufequnvìoddy nts supp`rt `r reem`k ` fovnjotn`f os o prnfinpde ,wlnil$ nf tle Eost Ilnfo

Yeo$ oeits Sussno mnreitdy.$ evef n tlns ns m`fe nf tle i`ftext mnsiussn`fs f Oritni trofsnt&

Nt slùdm ods` i`ftnfue meved`pnfj nts trome ofm seiurnty tnes oir`ss Yùtleost Osno&

Nf ommntn`f t` ioddnfj `f tle dntt`rod stotes t` res`dve tlenr mnsputes peoieuddy$ kudtndoteroddy$

ofm `f tle cosns ` o fej`tnotem i`me ` i`fmuit$ tle U&Y& slùdm m` k`re t` mnsiùroje

pr`vìotnve steps cy Xnetfok ofm tle Qlndnppnfes$ wlnil rnsb exoiercotnfj tefsn`fs wntlIlnfo ofm ronse tle p`ssncndnty ` kndntory idosles tlot nkpernd c`tl U&Y& ofm Sussnof

nfterests ,Sussno iùdm qunetdy kobe tlns p`nft wntl Lof`n os wedd.& ]le U&Y& slùdm ods`$

os s``f os p`ssncde$ k`ve t` rotny tle UF I`fveftn`f `f tle Dow ` tle Yeo$ wlnil wùdm

strefjtlef nts `wf iremncndnty nf ioddnfj `f tle Yùtl Ilnfo Yeo mnsputofts t` cose tlenr

idonks f oiieptem nfterfotn`fod dow&

8< B`ftseptsnno vfeslfen p`dntnbn S`ssnnsb`n Hemerotsnn&


32/36I`fidusn`fs | www&us+russnohuture&`rj 35

I`fidusn`fs

U&Y&+Sussno i``perotn`f nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhi requnres c`tl snmes t` kobe s`ketlnfj ` o

i`fieptuod deop& H`r tle Ufntem Ytotes$ nt keofs tobnfj K`si`w sernùsdy os of Osnof p`wer& H`r

Sussno$ nt keofs oiieptnfj tle dnkntotn`fs ` nts strotejni portferslnp wntl Ilnfo ofm pursunfj

o k`re codofiem oppròil nf tle rejn`fnfidumnfj kobnfj ropprìlekeft wntl Gopof o

prn`rnty& Nt ods` keofs cenfj sernùs ocùt meved`pnfj Yncerno ofm tle Hor Eost$ wlnil wndd ce

tle k`st nkp`rtoft oit`r nf tle suiiess `r ondure ` Sussnos pusl `r jreoter nfuefie nf Osno&

]le Ufntem Ytotes los fever seef Sussno os o kog`r p`wer nf Osno ofm tle Qoinhi$ o vnew

tlot Sussnos `wf okcnvodefie los `fdy renf`riem& Fevertledess$ tle Ufntem Ytotes los

reos`f t` wedi`ke ofm evef pr`k`te o k`re pr`knfeft Sussnof presefie nf tle rejn`f

cut `fdy n Zoslnfjt`f ns i`fvnfiem tlot Sussnos Osno pnv`t ns c`tl sucstoftnve ofm f`tmrnvef cy o mesnre t` iùftercodofie U&Y&Zesterf nfuefie& Nf tle i`knfj yeors$ tle

`verrnmnfj onk ` U&Y& p`dniy nf Osno wndd ce mesnjfnfj rudes ofm slopnfj kudtndoterod

nfstntutn`fs t` c`dster nts portfers ofm efsure tlot Ilnfos ekerjefie mès f`t ufmerknfe

rejn`fod stocndnty& O str`fj$ i`fhmeft$ ofm nfmepefmeft Sussno iof pdoy of nkp`rtoft r`de nf

omvofinfj tl`se onks& I``perotn`f nf Osno iof ods` efiùroje tle meved`pkeft ` U&Y&+

Sussno trust k`re cròmdy$ snfie tle I`dm Zor dejoines tlot nflncnt i``perotn`f nf Eur`pe

ofm tle `rker Y`vnet Ufn`f ore dess pr`fùfiem nf Osno&

O k`re i``perotnve redotn`fslnp wntl Zoslnfjt`f nf Osno iùdm ods` ledp pr`k`te Sussnos

okcntn`f t` ce tobef sernùsdy os of Osnof p`wer$ espeinoddy cy tle fukerùs U&Y& oddnes

ofm portfers nf tle rejn`f& U&Y& supp

prospects for u.s.-russia cooperation in the asia-pacific region

Documents