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    PROPIEDAD

    INTELECTUAL

    EINDUSTRIAL

    GLOSARIO

    INGLS-ESPAOL

    I.E.S.L.V. Juan Ramn Fernndez

    Introduccin a la Interpretacin

    Prof: Victoria Massa

    lumno: Lucas !mez Pont

    "o: #$$%

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    PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL E INDUSTRIAL

    GLOSARIO DE TRMINOS1

    A1. abandonment: A mark is considered abandoned when its use in commerce has been

    discontinued with intent not to resume such use, depending on the country or jurisdiction.abandono

    presumpton o! a.: Statutory presumption that a party that has not used its mark for

    two years has abandoned its rights on the mark.

    presun"#n de abandono

    $. a"%ues"en"e& Failure to take action against infringing parties, which can lead to loss of

    trademark rights.a%ues"en"a'"onsentmento'"on!ormdad

    (. a!!)aton& Placement of a mark on the goods identified by the mark, on packaging for

    the goods, or on signs, displays, invoices or other objects.

    "o*o"a"#n

    +. A!r"an Re,ona* Industra* Propert- Or,anaton /ARIPO0& established to pool the

    resources of its member countries in industrial property matters together in order to avoidduplication of financial and human resources.http:!!www.aripo.wipo.net!"

    Or,ana"#n Re,ona* A!r"ana de *a

    Propedad Industra*

    . A*ternat2e Dspute Reso*uton /ADR0& form of mediation and arbitration to resolve

    disputes outside traditional litigation channels.

    #$t is worth mentioning that there e%ists no difference in meaning between the terms &trademark' and &trademark'. (he former is the common spelling in the )S, whereas the latter represents the spelling in the )*.

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    Reso*u"#n a*ternat2a de "ontro2ersas'

    *t,os

    3. ambus4 mar5etn,&Advertising strategy in which a company associates its mark with

    an event without being an official sponsor.

    mar5etn, par6sto

    7. amendment&3evision or change to an application or registration.

    enmenda

    e)amner8s a.: 4ommunication from an 5%amining Attorney to an applicant

    advising that the application has been amended by the trademark office. $n most cases this

    procedure must be authoried by the applicant.

    enmenda de* e)amnador

    9. Amer"an Inte**e"tua* Propert- La: Asso"aton /AIPLA0& national bar association

    constituted primarily by lawyers in private and corporate practice, in government service,

    and in the academic community. http:!!www.aipla.org!"

    Aso"a"#n Amer"ana de* Dere"4o de *a

    Propedad Inte*e"tua*

    ;. Ant"-bers%uattn, Consumer Prote"ton A"t /ACPA0: a #666 amendment to the

    +anham Act providing a cause of action against cybers7uatters, i.e., those who register

    others8 trademarks as domain names with bad faith and intent to profit.

    Le- de Prote""#n de* Consumdor /Cberu"os

    +$. de"ept2e&+ikely to deceive the public as to the origin and!or nature of the goods or

    services.

    en,aoso

    +(. de"*arator- >ud,ment& Eetermination by a court of the legal rights and

    responsibilities of the parties.

    senten"a de"*arat2a

    ++. des"rpton o! ,oods and ser2"es&A listing, in an application or registration, of the

    goods or services pertaining to the mark.

    des"rp"#n de benes - ser2"os

    +. des"rpt2e&Serving primarily to describe the 7ualities, features, ingredients, purpose

    or characteristics of a product or service. ot inherently distinctive and ineligible for

    trademark protection unless they are shown to have ac7uired distinctiveness or secondary

    meaning.

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    des"rpt2o

    mere*- d.&Serving primarily to describe the 7ualities, features, ingredients, purpose

    or characteristics of a product or service.

    meramente des"rpt2o

    +3. des,n e*ement&A figurative element of a mark that is not a word. Erawings or designs

    can be marks provided they are inherently distinctive or have ac7uired distinctiveness.

    e*emento !,urat2o

    +7. d*uton&(he lessening of the capacity of a famous mark to identify and distinguish

    goods or services, regardless of the presence or absence of competition between the owner

    of the famous mark and other parties, or of likelihood of confusion. (ypically occurs as the

    result of blurring or tarnishment of the famous mark.d*u"#n

    *5e*4ood o! d.& probab*dad'res,o de d*u"#n

    +9. ds"*amer&A statement in an application that a certain word or portion of a mark is not

    protected e.g., because it is merely descriptive".

    renun"a

    +;. dstn"t2e&@arks that present a uni7ue commercial impression. See also Inherently

    Distinctive, Acquired Distinctiveness.

    dstnt2a

    a"%ured Bness& A mark that is not inherently distinctive for e%ample, those that

    are merely descriptive, surnames or geographic indicators" may nevertheless become

    capable of serving as a trademark by becoming associated in the mind of the relevant

    public with a particular source of goods and services as a result of e%tensive advertising

    and widespread use in commerce. See econdary !eaning.dstn"#n ad%urda

    n4erent*- d.&@arks that communicate to the consumer, when encountered for the

    first time, that they are identifying the source of goods and!or services rather than merely

    describing the goods and!or services themselves. $nherently distinctive word marks can be

    further classified as suggestive, fanciful or arbitrary. Bord marks that consist of generic or

    merely descriptive terms are not inherently distinctive.

    n4erentemente dstnt2a

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    =. doman name&Any alphanumeric designation that is registered with or assigned by

    any domain name registrar as part of an electronic address on the $nternet )3+". (ypically

    consists of a top/level domain or &suffi%' e.g., &.com,' &.org,' etc." and a second/level

    domain chosen by the owner of the website. For e%ample, in oogle8s )3+,

    http:!!www.google.com, the domain name is &google.com.'

    nombre de domno

    1. due d*,en"e&(he level of prudence, activity, or care properly to be e%pected from a

    reasonable and prudent person under particular circumstances, not measured by an absolute

    standard but determined under the facts of the situation. Bhen adopting a new mark, the

    purpose of carrying out a due diligence e%ercise is to avoid infringing the rights of others.

    d*,en"a debda

    5

    $. en!or"ement&(he efforts undertaken by a trademark owner to protect its rights in itstrademarks.

    e>e"u"#n'ap*"a"#n

    (. estoppe*&57uitable legal doctrine whereby a party is prevented by his own past

    conduct from claiming a right or entitlement to the detriment of some other party that was

    entitled to rely on that conduct and did so.

    Pre"*us#n'mpedmento'estoppe*

    +. European Communtes Trade Mar5 Asso"aton /ECTA0& formed in #6

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    . e) parte&=y or for one party. An e% parte proceeding is one brought for the benefit of

    one party only, without notice to or challenge by an adverse party. 4ompare to Inter

    Partes.

    a nstan"a - en re*a"#n "on una n"a

    parte

    3. e)amnaton&Analysis carried out by a trademark office to determine the registrability

    of a mark.

    e)amen

    7. e)amnn, attorne-& Attorney at the )SP(D responsible for conducting the

    e%amination of a trademark application. Also known as a (rademark 5%amining Attorney.

    abo,ado e)amnador

    F

    9. !a*se ad2ertsn,& (he advertising or promotion of products or services through the use

    of false, inaccurate, misleading or otherwise deceptive statements or practicesC a form of

    unfair competition.

    pub*"dad en,aosa

    ;. !*e /to0&(o deposit a trademark application at a trademark office.

    presentar

    3=. !*n, bass& Dne of several statutory grounds permitting registration of a mark. For

    e%ample, in the ).S., the four filing bases are: #" use of the mark in commerceC 0" bona

    fide intent to use the mark in commerceC ;" a claim of priority based on an earlier filed

    foreign applicationC and " registration of the mark in the applicant8s country of origin.

    !undamento de *a presenta"#n

    31. !*n, date&(he date on which an application is officially received at a trademark

    office.!e"4a de presenta"#n

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    3$. !ran"4se&A license from the owner of a mark the &franchisor'" permitting another to

    sell a product or service under that mark, usually in accordance with methods and practices

    established by the franchisor.

    !ran%u"a

    3(. !raud: A knowingly false representation of material fact, or intentional omission of

    material fact. $n many jurisdictions, fraud in procuring or maintaining a trademark

    registration is grounds for cancellation of the registration and can also be used as a defense

    to a claim of infringement.

    !raude

    3+. ree Trade Area o! t4e Amer"as /TAA0& initiated in the #66 Summit of the

    Americas, it attempts to integrate the economies of the Bestern 9emisphere into a single

    free trade arrangement. http:!!www.ftaa/alca.org!"

    rea de Lbre Comer"o de *as Am@r"as

    /ALCA0

    3. !un"tona*t-&Eoctrine providing that legal protection cannot be given to a product

    configuration or packaging trade dress that is primarily utilitarian if doing so would unduly

    restrict the ability of others to compete in the marketplace.

    !un"ona*dad

    aest4et" !.&3efers to product or packaging features that are not purely utilitarian,

    but are aesthetically pleasing and are an important ingredient in the commercial success of

    a product, may be considered de "urefunctional and therefore not eligible for trade dress or

    trademark protection.

    !un"ona*dad est@t"a

    de facto!.&(he design of a product or package is de factofunctional functional in

    fact" if it serves a utilitarian purpose e.g., a bottle of any design holds fluid". A design that

    is de factofunctional may nevertheless be eligible for trade dress or trademark protection.

    !un"ona*dad de facto

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    33. ,ener" term&A word or phrase that is the common term associated with or known as a

    particular category of goods or services to which it relates, thereby ceasing to function asan indicator of origin. A term can either be generic from the outset, or can become generic

    usually through improper use over a long period of time.

    nombre't@rmno ,en@r"o

    37. ,ener"de&Process by which a mark loses its distinctiveness, and hence its ability to

    function and be legally protected as a trademark. )sually occurs when a mark is used

    improperly, and over a long period of time, as the common name for a type or category of

    goods or services, rather than as an identifier for the goods or services of a particular party.

    ,ener"do

    39. ,eo,rap4"a* nd"aton& $ndications which identify a good as originating in the

    territory of a @ember, or a region or locality in that territory, where a given 7uality,

    reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical

    origin.

    nd"a"#n ,eo,r6!"a

    Prote"ted G. I. /PGI0

    Ind"a"#n Geo,r6!"a Prote,da

    3;. ,oods&Products identified by a trademark. 4ompare to ervices.

    benes

    7=. ,ood:**&An intangible asset of a company that provides added value to a company8s

    worth such as a recogniable brand". Protection of goodwill is one of the main purposes of

    trademark law.!ondo de "omer"o'**a2e de ne,o"o'

    renombre "omer"a*

    971. Fa,ue A,reement& 4oncerning the $nternational Eeposit of $ndustrial Eesigns #602"

    www.wipo.org!treaties!registration!hague!inde%.html

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    #;

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    A"uerdo de La Fa-a

    $7$. dentt-&(he commercial &persona' of an individual, which may be protectable under

    the right of publicity.

    dentdad

    7(. n"ontestab*t-&=enefit that may be granted to a ).S. federal trademark registration,

    after a certain time and under certain conditions, protecting it from challenge on grounds

    that the mark is confusingly similar to another mark, is functional or lacks secondary

    meaning.

    n"ontestab*dad

    7+. ndustra* propert-&+aw protecting creations of the mind in the field of industry or

    commerce. Subset of &intellectual property'C comprises trademarks, patents, industrial

    designs and geographic denominations, e%cluding purely artistic works.propedad ndustra*

    7. n!rn,ement&$nterference with or violation of trademark rights through unauthoried

    use of a mark.

    2o*a"#n

    73. n>un"ton& A court order preventing or mandating certain conduct, either on a

    temporary basis pending a full determination of the merits of a lawsuit, or on a permanentbasis following such a determination.

    Orden'de"reto >ud"a*'mandamento

    77. nte**e"tua* propert-&$ntangible property rights which are the result of intellectual

    effort. (he main intellectual property rights are patents, trademarks, and copyright.

    propedad nte*e"tua*

    79. Inter

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    intellectual property laws and to coordinate and harmonie such laws in the Americas.

    www.asipi.org "

    Aso"a"#n Interamer"ana de *a Propedad

    Industra*

    7;. nternatona* "*ass!"aton&An internationally agreed system by which &goods' are

    grouped into ; classes, generally sorted by the material from which the goods are made

    and!or the use to which the goods are put, and &services' are grouped into ## classes,

    generally sorted by the type of service provided. (he purpose of the system is to enable

    trademarks to be searched and compared for possible conflicts.

    "*as!"a"#n nterna"ona*

    9=. Internatona* Trademar5 Asso"aton /INTA0& founded in #

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    9+. >ont& the case when an invention or trademark has multiple inventors who can claimtrademark rights or apply for +etters Patent, assign their mark or invention to a third party,

    among other possible factors.

    en "on>unto

    >. a"ton& Aa"#n "on>unta o "o*e"t2a

    >. appea*& ape*a"#n "on>unta

    *

    9. 5no"5

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    99. Lan4am A"t&4ommon name for the ).S. (rademark Act of #6>. (he federal statute

    governing the registration and maintenance of marks in the )nited States, and providing a

    cause of action for infringement, unfair competition, dilution, and cybers7uatting.

    Le- de Mar"as de *os Estados Undos

    /nombre ,enera* por e* %ue se *a "ono"e0

    9;. *audator-&Attributing 7uality or e%cellence to goods and services e.g., &best' or

    &original'". A laudatory term is considered merely descriptive.

    *audatoro

    ;=. *etter o! "onsent&See Consent &etter.

    ;1. *etter o! protest&See Cease-and-Desist &etter.

    ;$. *"ense: (he means by which the proprietor of a mark the &licensor'" gives permissionto another party the &licensee'" to carry out an action, such as to use its trademark under

    specified conditions, that would otherwise constitute infringement.

    *"en"a'permso'"on"es#n

    ;(. *"ensee& refer to license

    *"en"ataro'permsonaro'"on"esonaro

    ;+. Lsbon A,reement& for the Protection of Appellations of Drigin and their $nternational

    3egistration #62

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    @;9. Madrd A,reement&enacted in #

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    person, in accordance with standards defined by the owner. Also used to indicate that the

    work or labor on the goods or services was performed by members of a union or other

    organiation.

    mar"a de "ert!"a"#n

    "oned m.& A term that is made up and has no built/in meaning, invented for the

    sole purpose of serving as a mark e.g., *DEA* for camerasC 5GGD for petroleum".

    4oined marks receive the highest level of trademark protection. See'anciful !ark.

    mar"a a"uada

    "o**e"t2e m.& A trademark or service mark used by members of a cooperative, an

    association or another collective group or organiation, to indicate their association with

    that group.

    mar"a "o*e"t2a

    "omposte m.& A mark made up of two or more distinct components, such as a

    word and a design element.

    mar"a "ompuesta

    !am*- o! m.& A number of marks possessing a common feature, such as a common

    prefi% e.g., &@c'", owned by the same party. A mark owner may be able to establish that

    another party8s mark that incorporates the common feature violates its rights, not in anyone particular mark, but in the entire family of marks.

    !am*a de mar"as

    !amous m.& @ark that enjoys a certain degree of reputation or recognition. Special

    protection is given to famous marks. Also, under ).S. law, a mark that is entitled to

    protection against dilution. See (ell-Kno)n !ark.

    mar"a !amosa' de /a*to0 renombre

    !an"!u* m.& seeCoined !ark m. de !antas?a

    !,urat2e m. & mark consisting of a design, logo and drawings".

    mar"a !,urat2a

    m)ed m.& mark that combines both figurative and word elements, or which is

    composed of word elements in stylied form.

    mar"a m)ta

    nontradtona* m.& @arks that consist of shapes, music, color, smells or other

    things that do not fit into the traditional trademark framework. Also known as ovelty

    @arks.

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    mar"a no trad"ona*

    p4antom m.& enerally, an unused mark that appears, by virtue of one or more

    application or registration records, to be the property of a particular party. 4an arise when

    an applicant files multiple applications for multiple marks to disguise its real intent, or

    when an applicant or owner abandons or discontinues use of a mark without abandoning or

    cancelling the associated applications or registrations.

    mar"a !antasma

    seres o! m.& See'amily of !arks.

    ser2"e m.& any word, name, symbol, or device, or any combination thereof, used to

    identify the services of one party and distinguish them from the services of other parties,

    and to indicate the source of the services.

    mar"a de ser2"os

    sound m.& Sounds including musical compositions" are protectable as marks

    provided they are capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one party from those

    of other parties.

    mar"a sonora

    st-*ed m.& Presentation of a mark composed of letters or numbers in a particular

    form or style, e.g., font style, sie, or color. 4ompare to tandard Characters.mar"a "on ,ra!?a /de !orma0 est*ada

    su,,est2e m.& Bord or term calling to mind some attribute or benefit from the

    goods or services, but not directly describing them e.g., B9$3+PDD+ for washing

    machines".

    mar"a su,est2a

    :e**

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    apropa"#n ndebda

    1=(. mut*aton& $ncomplete representation of a mark on the drawing page of an

    application, as compared to the specimen.

    mut*a"#n

    1=+. Narob Treat-& on the Protection of the Dlympic Symbol #6

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    a2so de ape*a"#n

    1=9. not"e o! pub*"aton&otice sent to an applicant, advising that an application has

    been approved by the trademark office and will be published for opposition in the

    appropriate journal e.g., the Official *a+ette in the )nited States, the rade !arks

    ournal in the )nited *ingdom".

    a2so de pub*"a"#n

    D1=;. A!r"an Inte**e"tua* Propert- Or,anaton /OAPI0& international organiation

    dedicated to promoting the use and protection of works of the human spirit Hintellectual

    property. /http:!!www.oapi.wipo.net!"

    Or,ana"#n A!r"ana de *a Propedad

    Inte*e"tua*

    11=. O!!"e !or Farmonaton !or t4e Interna* Mar5et /OFIM0&(he official title of the

    trademark office operated by the 5uropean )nion, which administers the 4ommunity

    (rade @ark. +ocated in Alicante, Spain.

    O!"na de Armona"#n de* Mer"ado

    Interor

    111. O!!"a* Gaette&(he short name of he Official *a+ette of the United tates Patent

    and rademark Office, a weekly publication containing information about all pending

    marks, changes to e%isting marks, and renewals.o*et?n o!"a*

    11$. opposton&4hallenge or objection to the granting of a trademark registration at the

    trademark office level. Dppositions are most commonly filed when a third party believes

    that a mark #" poses a likelihood of confusion with an e%isting markC or is 0" merely

    descriptiveC ;" genericC or " deceptive.

    opos"#n

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    P11(. Pars Con2enton&(he Paris 4onvention for the Protection of $ndustrial Property,

    concluded in #un"ton& 4ourt order preventing or mandating certain conduct.

    (ypically, in trademark, an order barring use of a mark after a finding of liability in an

    infringement action. 4ompare toPreliminary In"unctionC em#orary .estraining Order.

    suspens#n de!nt2a

    119. persona* name&ame of an individual, which may be a first name, a family name or

    a complete name. )sually cannot be registered as a trademark without demonstration of

    secondary meaningC rules vary from country to country. See urname.

    nombre persona*' rea*

    11;. petton to re22e&3e7uest filed by an applicant or registrant, seeking to revive or

    reactivate an application or registration deemed by a trademark office to be abandoned or

    cancelled.

    pet"#n de rea"t2a"#n

    1$=. pra"-&@anufacture and!or sale of inauthentic products under spurious marks, both

    made to resemble the original. See Counterfeiting.

    prater?a

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    1$1.Polaroid Factors: roup of eight factors typically analyed by courts to determine

    whether a likelihood of confusion e%ists between two marks named after the famous case,

    Polaroid Cor#/ v/ Polarad $lectronics Cor#/, 0

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    re2nd"a"#n de prordad

    p. do"ument&A previously filed application that provides a priority date for a later

    application.

    do"umento de prordad

    1$7. prose"uton& (he process of moving an application towards registration in a

    trademark office.

    tramta"#n

    1$9. pub*" doman&Status of any creation of the mind names, signs, designs, objects,

    procedures, information, artistic works, etc." that cannot be protected under intellectual

    property law, or for which intellectual property protection has e%pired.

    domno pb*"o

    I1$;. %ua*t- assuran"e&Dbligation to ensure that goods and services sold under one8s

    mark conform to consistent standards of 7uality. Jital in a trademark license because

    unfettered use of a mark by a licensee can cause loss of trademark rights.

    ase,uramento de "a*dad

    1(=. %uas

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    1($. re"ord /to0&(o register with a trademark office any documents e.g., assignments"

    relating to the ownership or scope of rights of a mark.

    re,strar

    1((. re,straton&(he granting of formal recognition of rights in a mark by a trademark

    office.

    re,stro

    "ert!"ate o! r.& Eocument issued by a trademark office confirming that

    registration has been granted for a mark, containing such information as the registration

    number, the mark itself, the goods and!or services identified by the mark and their

    classification, the name and address of registrant and the term of the registration.

    "ert!"ado de re,stro

    de!ens2e r.& Special category of trademark registrations that, although generally

    not used, aims to protect the primary trademark.

    re,stro de!ens2o

    nternatona* r. /IR0&(rademark registration obtained from the Borld $ntellectual

    Property Drganiation B$PD" pursuant to the @adrid Agreement and!or the @adrid

    Protocol.

    re,stro nterna"ona*

    1(+. rene:a*&5%tension of trademark registration for an additional period of time.

    reno2a"#n

    1(. re%uest !or e)tenson o! tme&3e7uest made by an applicant, or one who seeks to

    oppose the registration of another8s mark, for additional time to meet an upcoming filing

    deadline at a trademark office. $n ).S. practice, applicants have si% months after the

    issuance of a otice of Allowance to file a Statement of )se, but may file up to five

    successive e%tension re7uests, each re7uesting an additional si% months to do so. Parties

    wishing to oppose a ).S. application have thirty days from publication of the mark to file aotice of Dpposition, but may file e%tension re7uests to secure up to an additional #21

    days to do so. See tatement of Use, O##osition.

    peddo de e)tens#n de p*ao

    1(3. re%uest !or re"onsderaton&A re7uest made by an applicant that the person or

    authority at a trademark office responsible for review and approval of the application,

    reconsider and change a decision or action taken against the application. $n ).S. practice,

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    usually filed after a (rademark 5%amining Attorney issues a Final 3efusal and before the

    applicant files a otice of Appeal, in an effort to overcome the refusal and avoid an appeal.

    peddo de re"onsdera"#n

    1(7. r,4t o! pub*"t- : Eoctrine under which an individual can prevent others from

    e%ploiting the commercial value of his or her identity without permission.

    dere"4o a* 2a*or "omer"a* de *a dentdad

    1(9. ro-a*t-&Payment made by a licensee in return for permission to use another8s mark.

    re,a*?a

    S1(;.SMS-mbo*

    Symbol indicating that a word, design, etc., is being used as a service mark,

    notwithstanding that it has not been registered.

    s?mbo*o SM

    1+=. sear"4& 3eview of e%isting trademarks owned by others registered or not" to

    determine whether adoption and use of a mark might pose a risk of infringement liability,

    and whether the mark may be registrable. 4an be either preliminary &screening' or

    &knockout' search" or comprehensive &full'".

    bs%ueda

    a2a*ab*t- s.&3eview of e%isting marks owned by others registered or not" to

    determine whether adoption and use of a trademark might pose a risk of infringementliability, and whether the mark may be registrable. 4an be either preliminary &screening'

    or &knockout' search" or comprehensive &full'".

    bs%ueda de ante"edentes

    "ompre4ens2e s.& (horough review of e%isting marks owned by others registered

    or not" to determine whether adoption and use of a mark might pose a risk of infringement

    liability, and whether the mark may be registrable.

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    bs%ueda e)4aust2a

    pre*mnar- s.& $nitial availability!clearance search, aimed at spotting readily/

    identifiable conflicts at the outset so as to avoid the need for a comprehensive &full'"

    search. Dften used to narrow a list of potential marks under consideration.

    bs%ueda pre*mnar

    1+1. Se"ond Le2e* Doman Name /SLD0&(he portion of any $nternet domain name that

    immediately precedes the (op +evel Eomain ame (+E". For e%ample, in oogle8s )3+

    http:!!www.google.com, the &.com' is the (op +evel Eomain, while the &oogle' portion

    is the Second +evel Eomain ame uni7ue to oogle within the &.com' (+E.

    nombre de domno de se,undo n2e*

    1+$. se"ondar- meann,: A word, design, etc., that is not inherently distinctive fore%ample, those that are merely descriptive, surnames or geographic indicators" may

    nevertheless become capable of serving as a mark as a result of widespread use and

    e%tensive advertising, such that it becomes associated in the mind of the relevant public

    with a particular source of goods and services. @ay be also found as &Ac7uired

    Eistinctiveness.'

    s,n!"ado se"undaro

    1+(. sera* number& (racking number assigned by a trademark office to each new

    application, used to identify it during prosecution. enerally, a separate registration

    number is assigned once the registration issues.

    nmero "orre*at2o

    1++. ser2"es&$n trademark law, activities physical or intellectual" performed for others on

    a commercial basis.

    ser2"os

    1+. s*o,an& Slogans are protectable as marks, provided that they are capable of

    distinguishing the goods or services of one party from those of other parties.

    es*#,an

    1+3. sour"e dent!"aton&(he basic function of a mark: denoting the uni7ue source of

    the particular goods or services to which the mark pertains.

    dent!"a"#n de *a !uente

    1+7.spe"men&An actual article or photograph of such article" showing a mark as used on

    or in connection with the goods or services claimed in an application or registration.

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    espe"men' muestra

    1+9. standard "4ara"ters& Presentation of a mark comprised of letters or numbers without

    regard to the particular form or style in which it may appear. An application for such a

    mark must state that &(he mark is presented in standard characters without claim to any

    particular font style, sie, or color.' 4ompare to tyli+ed !ark.

    "ara"teres est6ndar

    1+;. Supp*ementa* Re,ster&A secondary registry of marks maintained by the )SP(D,

    often for marks not considered sufficiently distinctive to be listed on Principal 3egister.

    (hough marks on the Supplemental 3egister do not receive all the benefits of registration

    available to marks on the Principal 3egister, registration on the Supplemental 3egister

    does allow the owner to use the K symbol ne%t to its mark, and also provides notice to

    potential users that the mark is in use.

    Re,stro Sup*ementaro

    1=. surname&+ast name of an individual. )sually cannot be registered as a mark without

    demonstration of secondary meaningC rules vary from country to country. See Personal

    0ame.

    ape**do

    11. surrender&3e7uest by the owner to remove a mark from the register. 4ompare to

    A1andonment.

    renun"a

    (

    1$. J S-mbo*&Symbol indicating that a word, design, etc., is being used as a trademark,

    notwithstanding that it has not been registered.

    s?mbo*o J

    1(. tarns4ment Beakening the distinctiveness of a famous mark, usually through

    inappropriate or unflattering associationsC one form of dilution.

    bastardeo'p@rdda de !uera

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    1+. TEAS&Acronym for &(rademark 5lectronic Application System,' the name of the

    )SP(D8s online electronic filing system for federal trademark applications and forms

    relating to prosecution of applications and maintenance of registrations.

    www.uspto.gov!teas!"

    Sstema E*e"tr#n"o para So*"tar Mar"as

    Re,stradas

    1. Temporar- Restrann, Order /TRO0&4ourt order preventing or mandating certain

    conduct pending further determination of the merits of a lawsuit. )sually issued on an

    emergency basis and for a short period of time. (ypically, in trademark, an order barring

    use of a trademark at the outset of an infringement action. 4ompare to Preliminary

    In"unction, Permanent In"unction.orden de restr""#n tempora*

    13. term&Period of time during which intellectual property rights remain in force.

    p*ao

    17. Top

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    a,ente de mar"as

    t. e)amnn, attorne-See e%amining attorney.

    Trade Mar5s Kourna*&Dnce the )nited *ingdom8s (rade @arks 3egistry has

    accepted a mark, it will publish the mark in its weekly (rade @arks ournal. (he ournal

    contains full details of all trademark applications accepted that week, registrations,

    renewals, assignments, licensees, etc.

    o*et?n O!"a*

    T. O!!"e& (he government agency responsible for e%amining trademark

    applications and granting registrations within a particular country or other jurisdiction.

    O!"na de Mar"as

    Trade Mar5s Re,str-& Eivision of the )nited *ingdom Patent Dffice that

    administers trademarks.

    Re,stro de Mar"as

    13=. Trademar5 La: Treat- /TLT0& #66> treaty that harmonied re7uirements and

    simplified administrative procedures for international trademark registrations.

    Tratado sobre e* Dere"4o de Mar"as

    131. Trade Mar5s A"t 1;;+&(he Act of Parliament that provides the authority under

    which trademarks in the ).*. are registered and enforced.

    Le- de Mar"as de 1;;+

    13$. trade name&(he name used by a company in its business activities. Also known as

    &commercial name.' A company8s trade name may also be its corporate name, and it may

    or may not also be used as a mark.

    nombre "omer"a*

    13(. trade se"ret&Any knowledge, device, formula, compilation of information, or the

    like, that is used in business, is not known to others and gives a competitive advantage to

    the owner.se"reto "omer"a*

    13+. Trade

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    )13. un!ar "ompetton& 4ommon law cause of action encompassing trademark

    infringement as well as other unfair business practices such as false advertising andpassing/off.

    "ompeten"a des*ea*

    133. Un!orm Resour"e Lo"ator /URL0&An electronic address on the internet, usually

    consisting of the access protocol http", the domain name, and optionally the path to a

    particular file or resource residing on that server.

    Lo"a*ador Un!orme de Re"ursos

    137. Unted States Patent and Trademar5 O!!"e /USPTO0& (he agency of the ).S.government responsible for overseeing the granting, registration and maintenance of

    patents and trademarks.

    O!"na de patentes - Mar"as de *os Estados

    Undos

    139. use&(he marketing or sale of goods or services under a trademark.

    uso

    "on"urrent u. a,reement&See co-e%istence agreement.de"*araton o! u.& Attestation that a registered mark is still in use in commerce for

    the identified goods or services, accompanied by a specimen of such use. Failure to timely

    file a Eeclaration of )se results in cancellation of the registration.

    de"*ara"#n de uso

    !ar u.& ood faith use of another8s mark to describe one8s own goods or services.

    Affirmative defense to a claim of trademark infringement.

    uso >usto

    Intent to U. /ITU0 App*"aton seeA##lication

    pror u.& )se of a mark that occurs before a confusingly similar use of the same

    mark. (he first person to use a mark has prior rights and may e%clude all subse7uent users

    of the mark in the relevant territory.

    uso pre2o

    proo! o! u.& Proof that a mark has been used in commerce in connection with the

    identified goods and!or services H usually, a specimen of the mark as used in commerce

    and a signed declaration from the applicant attesting to the date of first use. @ay be filed in

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    conjunction with an application based on use in commerce, or as part of a Statement of )se

    or Amendment to Allege )se0in conjunction with an $ntent/to/)se $()" Application.

    prueba de uso

    Statement o! U. /SOU0&Attestation that the mark that is the subject of an intent/to/

    use $()" application has been used in commerce, filed after the )SP(D has issued a

    otice of Allowance.

    de"*ara"#n de uso

    u. n "ommer"e&(he bona fide use of a mark in the ordinary course of trade, and

    not made merely to reserve a right in a mark. A trademark is deemed to be in use in

    commerce when it is placed in any manner on goods, or on their containers or packaging,

    or on tags or labels affi%ed to them, or on documents associated with the goods or theirsaleC and when the goods are transported or sold in commerce. A service mark is deemed to

    be in use in commerce when it is used or displayed in the sale or advertising of services,

    and the services are rendered in commerce.

    uso en e* "omer"o

    J13;. enna A,reement 5stablishing an $nternational 4lassification of the Figurative

    5lements of @arks #6?;" www.wipo.int!clea!docs!en!wo!wo1;#en.htm0

    A"uerdo de ena

    B17=. 4te Paper& A written analysis or assessment of a particular topic or issue, often

    asserting a set of conclusions reached after study, one or more recommendations based on

    0 Amendment to Allege )se AA)": attestation that the mark that is the subject of an intent/to/use $()"

    application has been used in interstate commerce, filed before the )SP(D has issued a otice of Publication.(his term is not included within the body of the glossary because there appears to be no fi%ed Spanishtranslation, the closest being &enmienda para alegar el uso'."

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    ;;

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    the analysis, or a position those offering the paper wish to take on the issue. Dften used for

    government or organiational reports.

    Lbro *an"o

    171. or*d Customs Or,anaton /CO0& an independent intergovernmental body

    whose mission is to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of 4ustoms administrations.

    #26 @ember overnments http:!!www.wcoomd.org!"

    Or,ana"#n Munda* de Aduanas

    17$. or*d Inte**e"tua* Propert- Or,anaton /IPO0& responsible for the promotion

    of the protection of intellectual property throughout the world through cooperation among

    States, and for the administration of various multilateral treaties dealing with the legal and

    administrative aspects of intellectual property.http:!!www.wipo.int!"

    Or,ana"#n Munda* de *a Propedad

    Inte*e"tua*

    17(. or*d Trade Or,anaton /TO0& global international organiation dealing with

    the rules of trade between nations. (he goal is to help producers of goods and services,

    e%porters, and importers conduct their business. http:!!www.wto.org!"

    Or,ana"#n Munda* de* Comer"o

    /OMC0

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    ;

    http://www.wcoomd.org/http://www.wipo.int/http://www.wto.org/http://www.wcoomd.org/http://www.wipo.int/http://www.wto.org/
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    ANNE&

    LIST O USEUL ACRONMS

    /NOT ALL FAE EEN MENTIONED IN TFE PREIOUS PAGES0

    AA: American =ar Association Asociaci-n Americana de 4olegios de Abogados"

    ACPA: Anticybers7uatting 4onsumer Protection Act +ey de Protecci-n del 4onsumidor

    4iber/ocupaci-n""

    ADR: Alternative Eispute 3esolution 3esoluci-n alternativa de controversias! litigios"

    AIPPI: Association $nternationale pour la Protection de la PropriLtL $ndustrielle

    Asociaci-n $nternacional para la Protecci-n de la Propiedad $ndustrial"

    AIPLA: American $ntellectual Property +aw Association Asociaci-n Americana del

    Eerecho de la Propiedad $ntelectual"

    AOs: Appellations of Drigin denominaci-n de orMgen"

    APEC: Asia/Pacific 5conomic 4ooperation 4operaci-n 5con-mica Asia/PacMfico

    45AP""

    ARIPO: Africa 3egional $ndustrial Property Drganiation Drganiaci-n 3egional

    Africana de la Propiedad $ndustrial"

    ASCAP: American Society of 4omposers, Authors and Publishers Sociedad Americana

    de 4ompositores, Autores y 5ditores"

    ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian ations Asociaci-n de PaMses del Sudeste

    AsiNtico"

    ""TLD: 4ountry code top/level domain Eominio de ivel Superior de c-digo de paMs"

    CTM: 4ommunity (rade @ark @arca 4omunitaria"

    DNS: Eomain ame System Sistema de ombres de Eominio"

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    ;2

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    EC: 5uropean 4ommission 4omisi-n 5uropea"

    ECK: 5uropean 4ourt of ustice 4orte!(ribunal 5uropea!o de usticia"

    ECTA: 5uropean 4ommunities (rade @ark Association Asociaci-n de @arcas de las4omunidades 5uropeas"

    EU: 5uropean )nion )ni-n 5uropea"

    TAA: Free (rade Area of the Americas Orea de +ibre 4omercio de las AmLricas"

    GI: eographical $ndication indicaci-n geogrNfica"

    ,TLD: generic (op/+evel Eomain Eominio de nivel superior genLrico"

    GATT: eneral Agreement on (ariffs and (rade Acuerdo eneral sobre Aranceles

    Aduaneros y 4omercio"

    IANA: $nternet Assigned umbers Authority preceded $4A" Autoridad para la

    Asignaci-n de meros de $nternet! Autoridad Administradora de Eominios"

    ICANN: $nternet 4orporation for Assigned ames and umbers 4orporaci-n de $nternet

    para la Asignaci-n de ombres y meros"

    ID: $nter/American Eevelopment =ank =anco $nteramericano de Eesarrollo"

    IIPA: $nternational $ntellectual Property Alliance Aliana $nternacional de la Propiedad

    $ndustrial"

    INTA: $nternational (rademark Association Asociaci-n $nternacional de @arcas

    3egistradas"

    IP: $ntellectual Property ! $ndustrial Property ! $nternet Protocol propiedad intelectual!

    propiedad industrial! protocolo de internet"

    IPRs: $ntellectual Property 3ights Eerechos de propiedad intellectual"

    IR: $nternational 3egistration 3egistro $nternacional"

    ITU: $ntent to )se intenci-n de uso"

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    MERCOSUR: @ercado 4omn del Sur 4ommon @arket of the South"

    MARUES: ot an acronym, name by which the Association of 5uropean (rademark

    Dwners is known. Asociaci-n de Propietarios de @arcas 5uropeas"

    MEP: @ember of the 5uropean Parliament @iembro del Parlamento 5uropeo"

    NGO: on/overnmental Drganiations Drganiaci-n no uvernamental"

    OAPI: Drganisation Africaine de la PropriLtL $ntellectuelle African $ntellectual Property

    Drganiation" Drganiaci-n Africana de la Propiedad $ntelectual"

    OG: Dfficial aette =oletMn Dficial"

    OFIM: Dffice for the 9armoniation in the $nternal @arket Dficina Ee Armoniaci-n

    Eel @ercado $nterior H DA@$"

    OAC: Dffice of Foreign Assets 4ontrol Dficina de 4ontrol de Activos 5%tranjeros"

    PTO: Patent and (rademark Dffice Dficina de Patentes y @arcas"

    SIECA: SecretarMa Ee $ntegraci-n 5con-mica 4entroamericana Secretariat of 4entral

    American 5conomic $ntegration"

    SOU: Statement of )se declaraci-n de uso"

    TEAS: (rademark 5lectronic Application System Sistema 5lectr-nico para Solicitar

    @arcas 3egistradas"

    TLD: (op/+evel Eomain ame ombre de Eominio de ivel Superior"

    TLT: (rademark +aw (reaty (ratado sobre el Eerecho de @arcas"

    TRIPS: (rade/3elated Aspects of $ntellectual Property 3ights Aspectos de los Eerechos

    de Propiedad $ntelectual y el 4omercio AEP$4"

    USPTO: )nited States Patent and (rademark Dffice Dficina de patentes y @arcas de los

    5stados )nidos"

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    IPO: Borld $ntellectual Property Dffice Drganiaci-n @undial de la Propiedad

    $ntelectual"

    TO: Borld (rade Drganiation Drganiaci-n @undial del 4omercio"

    PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL E INDUSTRIAL

    CONTRALISTADO

    a nstan"a - en re*a"#n "on una n"a

    parte

    . ex parte

    abandono 1. abandonment

    abo,ado e)amnador 7. e)amnn, attorne-

    a""#n "on>unta o "o*e"t2a 9+. >ont a"tona""#n de usurpa"#n 11+. passn, o!!

    A"uerdo de "oe)sten"a $9. "o

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    apropa"#n ndebda 1=$. msappropraton

    a%ues"en"a'"onsentmento'"on!ormdad $. a"%ues"en"e

    arbtra>e 1+. arbtraton

    rea de Lbre Comer"o de *as Am@r"as

    /ALCA0

    3+. ree Trade Area o! t4e Amer"as

    /TAA0

    Aso"a"#n Amer"ana de* dere"4o de *a

    Propedad Inte*e"tua*

    9. Amer"an Inte**e"tua* Propert- La:

    Asso"aton /AIPLA0

    Aso"a"#n de Mar"as de *as

    Comundades Europeas

    +. European Communtes Trade Mar5

    Asso"aton /ECTA0Aso"a"#n de Pa?ses de* Sudeste As6t"o 1;. Asso"aton o! Sout4east Asan Natons

    /ASEAN0Aso"a"#n Interamer"ana de *a

    Propedad Industra*

    79. Inter

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    "ert!"ado de re,stro 1((. "ert!"ate o! re,straton"es#n 17. ass,nment

    "esonaro 13. ass,nee"bero"upa"#n' o"upa"#n *e,a* de un

    domno

    +=. "-bers%uattn,

    "*ase $7. "*ass

    "*as!"a"#n nterna"ona* 7;. nternatona* "*ass!"aton

    "o*o"a"#n (. a!!)aton

    "ompeten"a des*ea* 13. un!ar "ompetton"on"ente e nten"ona*mente 93. 5no:n,*- and :**n,*-"on!us#n ($. "on!uson

    "on!us#n "on"reta ($.a"tua* "on!uson."on!us#n n2ertda ($.re2erse "on!usonCon2en"#n de Par?s 11(. Pars "on2entonCopera"#n E"on#m"a Asa

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    dseo "omer"a* $;. "ommer"e des,n

    dstn"#n ad%urda +;. a"%ured dstn"t2eness

    dstnt2a +;. dstn"t2e

    do"umento de prordad 1$3. prort- do"umentDomno de N2e* Superor de C#d,o de

    Pa?s

    (9. Countr- Code Top Le2e* Doman

    /CCTLD0

    domno pb*"o 1$9. pub*" domane>e"u"#n'ap*"a"#n $. en!or"ement

    e*emento !,urat2o +3. des,n e*ement

    en "on>unto 9+. >onten,aoso +$. de"ept2e

    enmenda 7. amendment

    enmenda de* e)amnador 7.e)amner8s attorne-

    entre *as partes 9$. inter partes

    es*#,an 1+. s*o,anespe"men' muestra 1+7.spe"mene)amen 3. e)amnaton

    !a*s!"a"#n (7. "ounter!etn,

    !a*s!"ado (3. "ounter!et

    !am*a de mar"as 1=1. !am*- o! mar5s!am*a de mar"as 1=1. seres o! mar5s!e"4a de presenta"#n 31. !*n, date

    !ondo de "omer"o'**a2e de ne,o"o'

    renombre "omer"a*

    7=. ,ood:**

    !ran%u"a 3$. !ran"4se

    !raude 3(. !raud

    !un"ona*dad 3. !un"tona*t-

    !un"ona*dad de !a"to 3.de !a"to !un"tona*t-!un"ona*dad est@t"a 3.aest4et" !un"tona*t-!undamento de *a presenta"#n 3=. !*n, bass

    ,ener"do 37. ,ener"de

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    #

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    dentdad 7$. dentt-

    dent!"a"#n de *a !uente 1+3. sour"e dent!"atonmta"#n 9. 5no"5un"tonn2a*de 9(. n2a*dt-

    *audatoro 9;. *audator-Le- de Mar"as de 1;;+ 131. Trade Mar5s A"t 1;;+Le- de Mar"as de *os Estados Undos 99. Lan4am A"t

    Le- de Prote""#n de* Consumdor /"ber