properties of ocean water ch. 20.1 part 2. temperature of ocean water like salinity ocean...
TRANSCRIPT
Properties of Ocean Water
Ch. 20.1 Part 2
Temperature of Ocean Water
Like salinity ocean temperature varies depending on depth and location
Surface Water
The ocean absorbs infrared wavelengths of the that heat the surface of the oceanThe surface water mixes with the water below it, keeping the temperature relatively the same to a depth of 100m to 300mThe total amount of solar energy that reaches the surface is much greater at the equator= warmer tropical water
The polar regions are colder and covered with “pack ice”
Pack Ice- floating layer of sea ice usually no more than 5 m thick.
Insulates water below it and keeps it from freezing
Thermoclines
Zone of rapid temperature drop
Basically, the sun cannot directly heat the ocean water below the surface layer --causing a sharp decrease in water temperature
Thermoclines exist because warm water near the surface is less dense
The warm water sits on top and does not mix with the cooler water below
Deep Water Temperatures
Deep zones below 400m is usually near 2CThe colder the water = more dense water holding more dissolved gases
Density of Ocean Water
Density- the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance (g/cm3) Density of pure water = 1 g/cm3
Factors Affecting Density
1. Salinity The large amount of dissolved
solids make ocean water denser than pure water
Density range= 1.026 g/cm3 to 1.028 g/cm3
2. Temperature Ocean water becomes denser as
it becomes colder Temperature affects density more
than salinity
Therefore colder regions are the most dense
Color of Ocean Water
Color of ocean water is determined by the way it absorbs or reflects sunlight Most colors are absorbed= only
blue is reflected
Why is Color Important?
Phytoplankton –small marine plants that provide food for many ocean species Only absorb red and blue—
reflect green Scientist study color to find
phytoplankton