properties of natural gas - wma.org€¦ · properties of natural gas and propane physical...
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Properties of Natural Gas Properties of Natural Gas and Propaneand Propane
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WHICH OPERATORS SHOULD BE AWARE
October 17, 2012
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What is Natural Gas?
Natural Gas is a combination of:
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane
Carbon Dioxide
Other Minor Constituents
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Various Natural GasVarious Natural Gas CompositionsCompositions
Methane Ethane Propane Butane Other
Michigan 75.80 17.5 0 0 6.7
Pennsylvania 96.80 2.5 .2 0 .5
Texas 79.00 6.31 2.2 .07 12.42
PG&E 95.10 2.69 0.22 0.025 0.726
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Basic Properties of Natural GasBasic Properties of Natural Gas
Flammable Flammable
Lighter than Air Lighter than Air
ColorlessColorless
NonNon--ToxicToxic
OdorlessOdorless
TastelessTasteless
Ignition Temperature Ignition Temperature Range 1000 Range 1000 --1200 1200 °°F F
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Gas ignited in a confined location can be
EXPLOSIVE!!
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Specific GravitySpecific Gravity
Air is a standard at 1
Number less than 1 is lighter than air, Natural gas 0.65<1
Number greater than 1 is heavier than air, Propane 1.65>1
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FLAMMABLEFLAMMABLE
LIMITSLIMITS
LELLEL= Lower Explosive Limit
UELUEL= Upper Explosive Limit
FLAMMABLE RANGEFLAMMABLE RANGE
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Flammability of Natural GasFlammability of Natural Gas
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Basic Properties of Propane GasBasic Properties of Propane Gas
Flammable
Heavier than Air
Colorless
Non-Toxic
Odorless
Tasteless
Ignition Temperature range: 957-1090°F
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Flammability of PropaneFlammability of Propane
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EFFECTS OF GAS ON EFFECTS OF GAS ON PLANT LIFEPLANT LIFE
Gas does not poison the soil, but it can …
Dry the soil out (drought effects)
Reduce the oxygen content of the soil
Change the pH (acidity) of the soil
Change the color of the soil
Reduce the soil’s ability to support plant growth
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POTENTIAL SOURCES POTENTIAL SOURCES OF GAS LEAK IGNITION?OF GAS LEAK IGNITION?
Any Open Flame
Any Spark
Electrical Switches
Electrical Motors
Automobiles
Static Electricity
Telephone
Doorbell
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Properties of Natural Gas and Propane of Natural Gas and Propane
What is the main point of all this?……
Be aware of gas properties and flammability ranges when in operations and when providing emergency response, especially where gas is in a confined place.
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Properties of Natural Gas and Propane
Questions?