Properties of MatterPage 11 of INB

• What has to change for a substance to change from one state to another?

Definite Composition

John Dalton, in the early 1800's, figured out that each chemical element is composed of a unique type of atom, and that these atoms differed by their masses. He devised a system of chemical symbols and, figured out the relative weights of atoms, then arranged them into a table.

MatterAnything that has mass and takes up space

Matter exists in four states: solid, liquid,

gas and plasma

Mass and Weight are DIFFERENT!• Mass

Measure of the amount of matterMetric system unit is kilograms (kg)Mass never changes in an object

• WeightThe force of gravity on an objectWeight = Mass (Acceleration of Gravity)Metric system unit is Newton (N)

Matters Building BlocksAtom Element Compound

Classification of Properties

Extensive- Depends on amount of matter- Volume, mass, amount of energy

Intensive- DOESN’T depend on amount of

matter, but the type of matter instead

- Melting point, boiling point, density, ability to conduct and transfer energy

Physical Properties of Matter

Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance (“Personal” Description of

Substance )Size

color

Cut

Physical Properties: Change of State

Solid (definite volume + shape)

Liquid (definite volume + indefinite shape)

Gas (NO definite volume or shape)

Phase Diagram: Water

Chemical Properties of Matter

Characteristics that relate to the substances ability to change and transform into a

different substance

Chemical change = the conversion of one or more substances into another

Reactants Products

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2Light energy

Solid

Liquid Gas