Promoting Renewable Energy

in FOUR Targeted Sub-districts in Mae Hong Son

13 December 2012

โครงการด้านการพฒันาความเป็นอยู่ของประชาชนบนพืน้ท่ีสงูในจงัหวดัแม่ฮ่องสอน UN Joint Programme on Integrated Highland Livelihood Development in Mae Hong Son (UNJP)

Scope of Work

Project Duration: December 2010 – December 2012

Phase I: Need & Gap Analysis

• Data Collection, Participatory Field Survey, Stakeholder Consultation

Phase II: Work Plan Design

Phase III: Project Implementation

Problems and needs on the ground

• Low level of income, the majority of people is agriculturalists.

• Education is a concern. Lack of knowledge on energy-related issues.

• Physical geography is limited. Lots of forest cover, lack of agricultural land

Poverty/lack of knowledge

• Limited Supply: 45% of households (without access to on-grid electricity) have no solar home systems. They rely on centralized PV systems, many of which are out of use. 55% use solar home systems for the maximum of 3-4 hours/day. 1 school does not have electricity use and 6 schools have inadequate access to electricity.

• Unfair Price: The unit cost of electricity for those households with SHS (Average 5.22 – 8.70 THB/kWh) is much higher than those with access to grid (Free of charge for the first 60 units, the next unit costs 1.36 THB/kWh)

Limited access to electricity

source

• Smell and disease from animal waste. Open ranching. Contamination to water sources nearby

• Smoke and haze from burning practices cause health problems

• Waste management – burning or dumping waste in the forest.

• Inefficient use of firewood

• Forest clearance for agricultural use. Water sources are degraded or destroyed.

Forest encroachment/ Unlimited access to

resources

Health problems

Challenges for RE options in MHS

• Member of the general public lacks awareness, knowledge and understanding on the benefits of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency.

• Abundance of and easy access to firewood.

• Local government officials will have to pay more attention to how to get access to RE options. The budget allocated to RE is quite small.

Lack of awareness,

knowledge and understanding

• Capability on RE is limited.

• Limited personnel (locally and provincially) with expertise on RE-related issues.

• Lack of knowledge on technology and operation and maintenance.

Technical

• High investment cost for RE options.

• Limited budget. Local villagers cannot afford. Central budget allocation does not really reflect the needs on the ground. Local budget for RE is small.

Financial

• Existing policies focus more on increasing incomes and increasing access to basic services.

• Policies on RE is not on an agenda.

• Certain procedures are required before RE permission.

Policies/

Procedures

Project Activities

to promote sustainable natural resources and environment in the areas of renewable energy

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Project Activities

Capacity Building

General Public

Community Leaders & Local Gov.

Technicians

Demonstrated Activities

Pico Hydro x 2

(Mok Cham Pae, Mae Suad)

Solar PV System x 3

(Tham Lod, Mae Suad, Mae Yuam)

Revitalized Solar PV BCS x 3

(Mok Cham Pae, Mae Suad x 2)

Biogas from animal dung x 12

(Tham Lod x 8, Mae Suad x 1, Mae Yuam x 3)

Biomass Gasifier Cooking Stoves x 12

(3 stoves for each targeted sub-distric) Solar PV: Solar Photovoltaic PV BCS: Photovoltaic Battery Charging Station

Current Status of Capacity Building Program

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1. General Public

Objective: Awareness Building

Target Group: 500 villagers

Content: Assessment of individual energy expenditure, conservation of energy and environment

Duration: 1 day (~16 sessions)

Status

- 12 Sessions were held for 516 villagers in 4 Sub-districts.

- Villagers get more awareness on their energy expenditures and most are interested in high eff. Stoves, biogas from pig manure, solar dryer

2. Community Leaders & Local Gov.

Objective: Capacity Building

Target Group: 60 people

Content: Energy Planning, RE Technologies

Duration: 3 days

Status

- 1 Sessions was held for 35 representatives in 2 sub-districts

- One more sessions for another 2 sub-districts will be held this July.

- RE Technologies are recognized. Primary energy plan has been conducted.

3. Technician

Objective: Knowledge transfer to local technician

Target Group: 30 people

Content: SHS repair

Duration: 5 days

Status

- Complete course structure

- Preparation of course material

Demonstrated Activities in Targeted Areas

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Mae Suad, Sob Moei

1. Kong Oom, Sub-village of M.3 Mae Lo :

Pico hydro power

2. M.4 Mae Lui Luang: Pico hydro power

3. M.6 Mae Had: Biogas from animal dung

for cooking purpose in schoo

4. M. 2, 4, 5, 9 : Revitalization of PV BCS

Tham Lod, Pang Mapha

1. M.1 Tham Lod: Energy Efficient

Cooking Practices by using rice husk (35)

2. Ae Ko, Sub village of M.2 San Khum

Lue: Biogas from animal dung for

cooking purpose in household level (15)

3. M.4 Pha Mon: 2.18 - kWp Solar PV

systems for school

Mok Cham Pae, Muang Mae Hong Son

1. Pang Ung, Sub village of M.5 Huai Ma

Kua Som

• Pico Hydro Power Plant

• Revitalization of PV BCS

2. M.3 Huai Khan: Charcoal from rice husk

Mae Yuam, Mae Sariang

1. M.7 Tha Ta Fang & M.10 Mae Kong

Kha : Energy Efficient Cooking Practices

(55)

2. M.10 Mae Kong Kha: 2.18 - kWp Solar

PV systems for school

Justification on Modified Project Activities

1. Mok Cham Pae: Change from “M.3 Huai Khan: Charcoal from rice husk” “M.7

Huai Pong-On: Biomass Gasifier Cooking Stoves” LOWER investment cost & EASIER O&M (Charcoal Pressing Machine costs THB200,000 ; Biomass

Gasifier Cooking Stove costs THB3,800) MORE opportunities for replication & MORE beneficiaries within the same amount of budget MORE chance to be sustainable – individually-owned

2. Mae Yuam: Change from “M.10 Mae Kong Kha: 2.18 - kWp Solar PV systems for school” “Sob Mae Po, Sub-village of M.7 Tha Ta Fang: PV Battery Charging

Station (PV BCS)” : It has been informed at the day of installation that another gov. agency would

provide bigger system; therefore, the Municipality asked to install PV BCS in the off-grid sub-village of M.7 Tha Ta Fang.

3. Mae Suad: Change from “M.4 Mae Lui Luang: Pico hydro power” “M. 11 Mae

Pae Yai : 2.18 - kWp Solar PV systems for school”: This has been revised by the TAO.

4. Mae Suad: Reduce the number of villages for revitalization of PV BCS from “M.2,4,5,9” to “M.5,9”: M.2 has been implemented by DEDE, and the system in M.9 has been splited to the individual.

5. Mae Yuam: ADD “M.3 Thung Pam: Biogas from animal dung for cooking purpose in household level” & Mae Suad: ADD “M.1 Mae Suad: Biomass Gasifier Cooking Stoves” : These were requested by the leaders of the villages after they attended the capacity building course for local gov. and community leaders.

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Demonstrated Activities in Targeted Areas (revised)

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Mae Suad, Sob Moei

1. M.1 Mae Suad: Biomass Gasifier Cooking

Stoves

2. Kong Oom, Sub-village of M.3 Mae Lo :

Pico hydro power

3. M.6 Mae Had: Biogas from animal dung

for cooking purpose in school

4. M. 5, 9 : Revitalization of PV BCS

5. M. 11 Mae Pae Yai : 2.18 - kWp Solar PV

systems for school

Tham Lod, Pang Mapha

1. M.1 Tham Lod: Biomass Gasifier

Cooking Stoves

2. Ae Ko, Sub village of M.2 San Khum

Lue: Biogas from animal dung for

cooking purpose in household level

3. M.4 Pha Mon: 2.18 - kWp Solar PV

systems for school

Mok Cham Pae, Muang Mae Hong Son

1. Pang Ung, Sub village of M.5 Huai Ma

Kua Som

• Pico Hydro Power Plant

• Revitalization of PV BCS

2. M.7 Huai Pong-On: Biomass Gasifier

Cooking Stoves

Mae Yuam, Mae Sariang

1. M.3 Thung Pam: Biogas from animal

dung for cooking purpose in household

level

2. Sob Mae Po, Sub-village of M.7 Tha Ta

Fang: PV Battery Charging Station (PV

BCS)

3. M.10 Mae Kong Kha: Biomass Gasifier

Cooking Stoves

Progress of Project Implementation

Capacity Building Program

TWO of Three programs were

complete, i.e. one for general public

and another for local gov. & community

leaders

The course for local technicians is

under the preparation of course

material. It is planned to arrange the

training during Jan – Feb 2013,

depending upon the availability of the

targeted attendances.

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Demonstrated Activities

THIRTEEN of fourteen activities are

implemented.

Beneficiaries include 252 households, 5

schools, and 2 local gov. offices.

ONE remaining activity, pico hydro in

Mae Suad, is under the procurement of

equipment. The installation will take 7 –

10 days, and it is planned to implement

within January 2013.

It is planned to promote more

replication of biomass gasifiers

cooking stoves and biogas systems

by setting up the micro-financing

system in the community for equipment

leasing.

Progress by Activities

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Demonstrated Activities Progress

Mok Cham Pae Sub-district

- M.5 Pico Hydro Start supplying electricity to the users in Aug 2012

- M.5 Revitalized PV BCS Start operation in Aug 2012

- M.7 Biomass Gasifier Stoves THREE pilot households started their use in Aug 2012.

Tham Lod Sub-district

- M.1 Biomass Gasifier Stoves THREE pilot households started their use in Aug 2012.

- M.2 Biogas System A pilot system installed since March 2012, 7 replication in Dec 2012

- M.4 PV System Start supplying electricity to the school in Dec 2011

Mae Suad Sub-district

- M.1 Biomass Gasifier Stoves THREE pilot households started their use in Sep 2012.

- M.3 Pico Hydri อยูร่ะหวา่งการจัดซือ้อปุกรณ์ คาดวา่จะตดิตัง้ในปลายเดอืน ธ.ค. 55

- M.11 PV System Start supplying electricity to the school in April 2012

- M.6 Biogas System Supply biogas since May 2012

- M.5&9 Revitalized PV BCS Start operation in Jun 2012

Mae Yuam Sub-district

- M.3 Biogas System Supply biogas since Oct 2012

- M.7 PV BCS Supply electricity since Oct 2012

- M.10 Biomass Gasifier Stoves THREE pilot households started their use in Sep 2012.

Beneficiaries by Activities

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โครงการตวัอยา่ง Planned Actual

Mok Cham Pae Sub-district

- M.5 Pico Hydro 32 households & 2 gov. offices 32 households & 2 gov. offices

- M.5 Revitalized PV BCS 32 households 32 households

- M.7 Biomass Gasifier Stoves 60 households 3 households*

Tham Lod Sub-district

- M.1 Biomass Gasifier Stoves 30 households 3 households*

- M.2 Biogas System 15 households 6 households & 2 schools*

- M.4 PV System 1 school (40 Students) 1 school (40 Students)

Mae Suad Sub-district

- M.1 Biomass Gasifier Stoves - 3 households*

- M.3 Pico Hydri 60 households & 1 โรงเรยีน -

- M.11 PV System 154 households 1 school (90 Students)

- M.6 Biogas System 12 households 1 school (138 Students)

- M.5&9 Revitalized PV BCS 426 households 192 households

Mae Yuam Sub-district

- M.3 Biogas System - 3 households*

- M.7 PV BCS 1 school (85 Students) 7 households

- M.10 Biomass Gasifier Stoves 50 households 3 households*

* Under promoting for replication

Exit Strategy

• Financial & Management :

Centralized Systems (2 x Pico hydro & 1 PV BCS):

• The users have set up the committee to set rules, charge fee, & operators.

• Ownership will be transferred to local gov. to ensure long-

term maintenance.

Individual Systems: Self-financing for O&M cost

• Technical :

O&M training has been provided for the users once installation is complete.

EforE together with Thai Oil Plc., co-sponsor of demonstrated activities will continue following up the projects.

Local DEDE offices will help once advance technical solution is needed for pico hydro systems.

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มลูนธิพิลงังานเพือ่ส ิง่แวดลอ้ม

99/305 ถนนเทศบาลสงเคราะห ์

แขวงลาดยาว เขตจตจัุกร กรงุเทพฯ 10900

โทร 0 2953 9881 - 4 โทรสาร 0 2953 9885

www.efe.or.th

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