promoting a wastewater management revolution in asia-pacific summary for group discussion dr. anand...
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![Page 1: Promoting a Wastewater Management Revolution in Asia-Pacific Summary for Group Discussion Dr. Anand Chiplunkar Principal Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051315/56649d9c5503460f94a8557b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Promoting a Wastewater Management Revolution
in Asia-Pacific
Summary for Group Discussion
Dr. Anand ChiplunkarPrincipal Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist
Asian Development Bank
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Wastewater management revolution
Knowledge drive: compilation of successful and sustainable environmental sanitation case studies – institutions and sustainable frameworks
Technology drive: specific technology datasheets for different treated output standards required for various end-uses
Financing and incentives drive: business briefs and pre-feasibility studies with financing mechanisms to fast-track wastewater investment projects, and encourage extraction of resources from wastewater
Awareness and advocacy drive: knowledge products, capacity development workshops , networking with stakeholders in round tables for taking up identified business opportunities
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Knowledge Drive
• Compile sustainable models/case studies• Choices in the sanitation ladder
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Technology Drive
DEWATS: Viet Nam
Constructed Wetlands: China
• Many technology choices
Conventional: Sihanoukville
Toilets Sulabh pour-flush toilets with twin pits; attached to biogas digesters in unsewered areas (India)Eco-san toilets – produce safe fertilizer: Philippines; PRC
Decentralized wastewater treatment technologies (DEWATS)
for urban poor communities: Indonesiapublic markets: Philippinesperi-urban areas: Viet Nam
Constructed wetlands
Ningbo and Nanjing (China) Bayawan City (Philippines)
Conventional
Da Nang (Viet Nam) Sihanoukville (Cambodia)
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Financing Drive…1
Develop Business briefs and Pre-feasibility studies
Models of Affordable and innovative financing
Gram Vikas (India): Socialized community fund raising for toilets and bathing facilities
Kerala (India), Sri Lanka and Viet Nam: Revolving funds for toilets and biogas plants
Philippines: Environmental User Fee; microfinancing
Public – Private Partnerships
Philippines and India: private concessionaires responsible for investments, operation and management
Other mechanisms
Nepal: Output-based aid
Shanghai (PRC) and Fiji: Clean development mechanism
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Financing Drive…2Project Development Fund (PDF)• Can be recovered with returns in
successful projects
Viability Gap Fund (VGF)• Enhancing viability to make it
financially attractive• Usually upfront grant
Operational/Transition Support Fund• Support cash flow based on
business plan and reforms• Grants or Debt to project in O&M
Other measures• Credit Enhancement• Risk Guarantee Mechanisms
In ADB:
Loan – single or multi-tranche facility
Grant
Non-sovereign public sector facility
Local currency loan
Debt management products
Private Sector – equity investments, loans, guarantees, and B loan (complementary financing scheme)
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Incentive Drive: Revenue Potential…1
Different uses:
Source of water for irrigation: VietNam, China
Source of water for industrial use: India
Biosolids/Organic fertilizers: Philippines
Feeds for aquaculture: Bangladesh, India
Source of energy
Biogas for electricity, lighting and cooking: India, China, Cambodia, Indonesia, Nepal
Potential for carbon credits
CDM: Kinoya Wastewater
Treatment Project in Fiji Biogas:
Cambodia
Fertilizer:Philippines
PROMOTE REUSE OF TREATED
WASTE
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Incentive Drive: Revenue Potential…2
Bali, Indonesia: Reuse of treated wastewater from the “Eco-Lagoon,” which is also a tourist attraction
India: Reuse of treated wastewater for industrial use, in Surat, Gujarat State through PPP is augmenting water supply, set to earn US$6 million per year
Xiamen, PR China: The Shiweitou Sewage Treatment Plant supplies 24,000 cu.m/day of treated wastewater for watering plants in more than 500 ha., earning RMB 2 million per year
Bangladesh: duckweed-based wastewater treatment pond - net profit of almost US$ 2000/ha/y from operation and using duckweed as feeds in aquaculture farms.
Treated wastewater:China
Eco-lagoon, Nusa Dua
POTENTIAL REVENUES
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Awareness and Advocacy Drive…1Hygiene and environmental education in schools
India: Total Sanitation Campaign
Philippines: Fit-for-School Program
Triggering demand: community-led total sanitation
Bangladesh, Cambodia
Stakeholder participation:SANIMAS in Indonesia
Social marketing of sanitationIndia
Stimulate demand and willingness to pay
INCREASE AWARENESS AND
INVOLVE THE STAKEHOLDERS
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Partnership with the private sectorNeed bankable projects and cost recovery mechanism
Business briefs and pre-feasibility studies with willing partners
Conduct Round TablesGovt/municipal administration, private sector, consumers, financiers etc.
Address affordability issues: lower interest rates, longer repayment period
This is a key component of the Asia Sanitation Revolution • Go beyond
advocacy• Develop
sustainable business opportunities
• Have stakeholder buy-in
Awareness and Advocacy Drive…2
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Wastewater management revolution
Knowledge drive: compilation of successful and sustainable environmental sanitation case studies – institutions and sustainable frameworks
Technology drive: specific technology datasheets for different treated output standards required for various end-uses
Financing and incentives drive: business briefs and pre-feasibility studies with financing mechanisms to fast-track wastewater investment projects, and encourage extraction of resources from wastewater
Awareness and advocacy drive: knowledge products, capacity development workshops , networking with stakeholders in round tables for taking up identified business opportunities