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. ate" )!u"$. ate" 0ee;.. ate" +!nt). ---&. Ae/e" !ccu".

G5. )ea&,ea" a%%l#ance # ue& !" :. anc)!"a,e.7. t"act#!n.. $!t) anc)!"a,e an& t"act#!n. ---

D. ne#t)e" anc)!"a,e !" t"act#!nDental Dec;

G6. N)e Qe#$e"t\ cla#8cat#!n "e%"eente& +!tl' #n &eect !"e#&ual "#&,e c!"n!,#,#/all' 9#e$e"t ?? at cla ]enne&'cla#8cat#!n :

a. ?$. ??c. ??? ---

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K1. N! elect )a&e ! %!"cela#n:a. Sne l#,)t.7. 7e!"e %"e%a"at#!n.c. et t!!t). ---&. Q)a&e ,u#&e +ut $e 0et.

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K3. ?n"ect "eta#ne" #n MD +!tl' nee&e&:. cla ? ---7. cla ??. cla ???D. cla ?C@e& #n cla ?E??E?C
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K4. )en %"#+a"' +!la" a"e %"e%a"e& !" ta#nle teel c"!0n)!ul& t)e &e%t) !" "e&uct#!n ! t)e %"!J#+al u"ace $e #+#la" t!t)e &e%t) ! t)e $uccal an& l#n,ual u"ace:

a. XeE "e&uct#!n ! all 0all # #+#la" !" $et "etent#!n$. A!E %"!J#+al "e&uct#!n # ,"eate" t! all!0 t)e c"!0n t! %a t)e

c!ntact a"ea ---c. A!E t)e $uccal u"ace )a t)e ,"eatet "e&uct#!n t! "e+!/e t)ece"/#cal $ul,e&. XeE all un&e"cut a"e un#!"+l' "e+!/e& ! t)at t)e teel c"!0n can$e eate&e. A!E $ecaue ! late"al c!nt"#ct#!nE t)e l#n,ual u"ace nee& ,"eatet"e&uct#!n

K5. a"#e &etect#!n +et)!& &e%en& !n t!!t) u!"ecence:a. u!"ecent &etect!"$. D#!,n!&ent ---

K6. a"#e &etect#!n &'e c!+%!e& +a#n !:a. 5Z ac#& uc)#n$. 5Z $a#c uc)#n. %"!%'lene ,l'c!l. ---

KG. at#ent 0#ll +a;e en&! u",e"'E t)e D". ,#/e )e" $l!c; an& t#ll t)et!!t) 0a n!t anet)et#Ve& E 0)':

. anet)e#a %"ea& ! a" #n ne"/e7. anet)e#a %"ea& 0#t) #na++at!"' u#& ---. #na++at!"' u#& +a;e c#"culat#!n c'cle

KK. )en #nIect#n, 0#t)!ut /a!c!nt"#ct!"E t)e +aJ#+u+ ae &!e! 2Z l#,n!ca#ne !lut#!n !" G], a&ult #:

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KO. )at_ t)e +!t accu"ate act!" t)at &ec#&e !" c!n8"+ t)e!utc!+e eae %"eent #n )#,) %!%ulat#!n c!unt"' :

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un&e" tu&'.*'%!t)et#cal TJa+%le ! !n!unn, act!":a tu&' ! c!Yee &"#n;#n, an& lun, cance". ? c!Yee &"#n;e" 0e"e al!+!"e l#;el' t! $e c#,a"ette +!;e"E an& t)e tu&' +eau"e& c!Yee&"#n;#n, $ut n!t +!;#n,E t)e "eult +a' ee+ t! )!0 t)at c!Yee&"#n;#n, #nc"eae t)e "#; ! lun, cance"E 0)#c) +a' n!t $e t"ue.*!0e/e"E # a c!n!unn, act!" 9#n t)# eJa+%leE +!;#n, #"ec!,n#Ve&E a&Iut+ent can $e +a&e #n t)e tu&' &e#,n !" &ataanal'# ! t)at t)e act!" &!e n!t c!n!un& t)e tu&' "eult.

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a. Qcal#n,E "!!t %lann#n,E $!ne ,"at 0#t) ,u#&e& t#ue "e,ene"at#!nRNM. ---

11. Dec"eae t)e %!l'+e"#Vat#!n )"#n;a,e ! c!+%!#te $' :a. ?nc"e+ental %lace+ent 0#t) #nc"eae t#+e ! cu"#n,.

$. ?nc"e+ental %lace+ent 0#t) )#,) #nten#t' l#,)t cu"e. ---

12. )#c) ! t)ee # ue& !" ,#n,#/al c!nt!u"#n,9,#n,#/ect!+':

a. ].2$. ].4c. 7a"& a";e". --- 9u",#cal $la&e n!. 11 H 12

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a. (#n!" u$luJat#!n &!e n!t cut t)e $l!!& u%%l'. ---

$. (!"e )e+!,l!$#n c!ntent #n c)#l&"en.c. Le nut"#t#!nal &e8c#enc#e.

14. >"actu"e ! t!!t) #n +aJ#lla:1. 45Z2. 25Z3. G5Z ---Dental "actu"e a"e c!++!nl' !$e"/e& 0#t) !t)e" !"al #nIu"#e.%%"!J#+atel' K2Z ! t"au+at#Ve& teet) a"e +aJ#lla"' teet).>"actu"e t! t)e +aJ#lla"' teet) a"e t"#$ute& a+!n, t)e cent"al#nc#!" 964ZE late"al #nc#!" 915ZE can#ne 93Z.

15. 7la&e ! DL #nt"u+ent )!ul& $e:. %e"%encula" t! l!n, acce7. %a"allel t! l!n, acce. %e"%encula" t! )an; ---

16. at#ent )a c!+%lete &entu"e an& )a %a#n an& e"'t)e+a9 8u"e& at t)e an,le ! +!ut) :

. an,ula" c)e#l#t# ---7. &entu"e !"e +!ut)

1G.)en &ent#t lea/e t)e canal !%en 0#t)!ut &"e#n, t)# 0#ll

lea& t!:. &ec"eae t)e %a#n7. c!nta+#nat#!n ! MN 'te+ ---. )eal#n, ! %e"#a%#cal t#ue

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. e+#luna" ---7. %a"ae+#luna". u$+a",#nalD. ulcula"

1O. >e+ale %at#ent #n 5W )a ac#al 0ell#n,"elate& t! $a&l'

ca"#!u l!0e" +!la"E nee& MN an& )a alle",' t! %en#c#ll#n. )at t!&!:a. R#/e e"'t)"!+'c#n t)en MN ---$. Qta"t MN t)en ,#/e e"'t)"!+'c#nc. 3 H 4 0a a$!ut a+!J#c#ll#n ! u"el' 0"!n,.

11. )at # t)e na+e ! t)e "et"act!" 0)#c) "et"act t)e a% an&t)e c)ee; t!,et)e" 0)en &!#n, u",e"':

1. a"a$eu "et"act!" ---2. l!n,nec; "et"act!"

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112. at#ent 0#t) ,#n,#/ect!+' u",e"'. te" u",e"'E Jen!,"at0a %lace& 0#t) $#!"e!"$a$le utu"e %lace&. )#c) &"e#n, #%lace& !/e" #t^

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$. Aec"!t#cc. C#tal&. C#tal $ut n!t n!"+al---

122. L! ! tate #n t)e ante"#!" t!n,ue # "elate& t!a. >ac#al ne"/e 9C?? ----$. *'%!,l!al ne"/ec. Rl!!%)a"'n,eal&. Ca,uDue t! c)!"&a t'+%an# ne"/e$"anc) ! >ac#al nE t)at ,#/e tate t! nt.2P3 ! t)e t!n,ue acc!+%an' 0#t) l#n,ual n. $"anc) ! (an$le A.

123. D#a,n!# !" #nc#%#ent %"!J#+al ca"#e #n %"#+a"' teet) #$':

a. Nact#le$. C#ual eJa+#nat#!n --c. Ma!,"a%)? 8$e"!%t#c !%t#!n %"eent #t $ette" t)an $#te0#n, "a!,"a%)

124. alatal ,#n,#/au%%l#e& $':SM)at #nne"/ate t)e ante"#!" %alatal a"ea:a. R"ate" %alat#ne

$. Aa!%alat#ne ---c. #n"a!"$#tal&. u%e"#!" ante"#!" al/e!la"

125. Ae"/e !" ante"#!" ,#n,#/a! +aJ#lla"' teet):a. Aa!%alat#ne$. R"eate" %alat#nec. !te"#!" u%e"#!" al/e!la" ne"/e

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135. )a"acte"#t#c ! %e"+anent +aJ#lla"' cent"al #nc#!":a. #&e" +e#!tall' t)an $ucc!l#n,uall'---

$. #n,ulu+ #n +#&&le t)#"&c. (e#al #&e # +!"e "!un&e& t)an tal]G)Gja%.> +I?DI+L0!$`&ND,j(

)eele"W Dental nat!+' )'#!l!,' H Scclu#!n OT& 21E a,e OOa. N)e +aJ#lla"' cent"al #nc#!" # t)e 0#&et+e#!tall' ! an' ! t)eante"#!" teet)$. N)e +e#al !utl#ne ! t)e c"!0n # !nl' l#,)tl' c!n/eJ0#t) t)e c"et! cu"/atu"e. N)e c"!0n # l!!; 0e&,e>]$F'0S"u!L47,H/e&=D`6T0/=!ne%a,eHF=)a"acte"#t#cZ2!Z2%e"+anentZ2+aJ#lla"'Z2cent"alZ2#nc#!"H=ale

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. !" et)et#c.7. t! #nc"eae "etent#!n.. t! "eac) !un& t!!t) t"uctu"eD. all ! t)e a$!/e. ---

144. #n &ee% ca"#!u le#!nE a %#n %!#nt %ul% eJ%!u"e !ccu" 0#t)eJce#/e al#/a"' !0 $ut&ent#t ue a "u$$e" &a+#n t)#c!nt#!n t)e t"eat+ent 0#ll $e:

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15. TJte"nal "e!"%t#!n ! %ul% !un&:SM)at c!nt#!n ! %ul% #n cae ! eJte"nal "e!"%t#!n:SMTJte"nal "e!"%t#!n eYect !n %ul%:

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16. N)e cell "!+ 0)#c) ! t)e !ll!0#n, t#ue )!ul& "eac)t)e )eal#n, a"ea 8"t !" t)e ne0 attac)+ent t! !ccu":

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$een +a&eE t)e %"!ce # n!t "e/e"#$le

1G6. R? ce+ent ue& un&e" la",e c!+%!#te "et!"at#!n !":. c!+%"e#/e t"en,t)7. %"e/ent +#c"! lea;a,e ---

c. #nc"eae "e#nD. #nc"eae elat#c#t' ! "et!"at#!n

1GG. %t. ca+e t! '!u" cl#n#c 0#t) %a#n #n )# +!ut) $ut )e can n!tl!cal#Ve 0)#c) t)e Ia0E 0)#c) tet # ueul:

a. N)e"+al tet$. e"cu#!n tet. anet)et#c tet ---&. a/#t' tet

1GK. S/e" eJten&e& R )!ul& "e+!/e u#n,:. ult"a!n#c /#$"at#n,.$. D#!l/#n, a,ent.c. M!ta"' !" "!un& $u"&. Qu",e"'

1GO. !t t#ue %"!t"u#!n #n:a< cla ?$< la ??c< la ???&< la ?? +!& ? ---

1K.N)e $acte"#a t)at aYect ca"ac /al/e

. t"e%t!c!ccu /#" #&an7. ta%)'l!c!ccu au"eu. ta%)'l!c!ccu e%#&e"+#D. Qt"e%"t!c!ccu an,u#n#?nect#/e en&!ca"t# # t)e #na++at#!n ! )ea"t /al/e an&c)a+$e"

1K1. 7acte"#a #n #nect#/e en&!ca"t#:SM?nect#/e Tn&!ca"t# $acte"#a:

. t"e%t!c!ccu C#"&enW------7. t"e%t!c!ccu. Qal#/a"#

Qt'%)al!c!cc!u au"eu# t)e +!t c!++!nt"e%t!c!ccu /#"#&an# %"eent 5


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1K3. (#n#+u+ &u"at#!n !" ant#$#!t#c #n &a':9nt#$#!t#c c!u"e. 3 ---$. 5c. G

&. 1)tt%:PP000.nc$#.nl+.n#).,!/P%u$+e&P1OO31K1K

1K4. 0)#c) ! t)ee lut#n, +ate"#al # +#J#n, l!0 ,#/e $et0!";#n, c!n#tenc' H +!t #""#tat#!n t! /#tal %ul% :

1. ST2. #nc %)!%)ate ---3. R?4. Me#n

1K5. nt#$#!t#c !" e+%#"#c t"eat+ent #n en& ta,e "enal

&e8c#enc' #:. >la,'l7. D!J'c'cl#ne ---. l#n&a+'c#nD. en#c#ll#n

1K6. ?n !"&e" t! t"eat A@R all cauat#/e +#c"!!",an#+ +ut$e el#+#nate&. A@R # let unt"eate& 0#ll lea& t! A@.

1. 7!t) c!""ect ---2. >#"t c!""ect ec!n& ale3. >#"t ale ec!n& c!""ect4. 7!t) ale

1KG. X!u" t"eat+ent 0a cal#n, !" ac#al )!ul& $e an,le:a. 4


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2. Tlect"#c tet.3. Qt#+ulat#!n t)e &ent#ne.4. net)e#a tet5. a/#t' tete cant ta"t ca/#t' #n all E t)e"+al tet +!"e a%%"!%"#ate

1O. at#ent 0#t) %a#n !n t)e u%%e" "#,)t a"eaE an& t)e %at#entcan n!t tell t)e t!!t) caue t)e %a#nE 0)at # t)e leat "el#a$le 0a't! &! tet %ul%:

1. !l& tet.2. *!t tet.3. Tlect"#c tet. ---4. Qt#+ulat#!n t)e &ent#ne.

1O1. la C c!+%!#te"e#n "et!"at#!n can $e %!l#)e& :. 24 )!u" ate" a%%l#cat#!n7. ?++eatel' ate" a%%l#cat#!n ---

. 3 t! 4 &a'D. 3 t! 4 0ee;T. A!t at all(TL: S(SQ?NTQ A 7T SL?Q*TD Q(T DX

1O2. $#late"al #nect#!n #n u$+ental E u$+an$ula" an&u$l#n,ual t"#an,le 0#t) Bcult' #n $"eat)#n, an& 0all!0#n, #

1. )"!n#c %e"#a%#cal a$ce2. Lu&0#, an,#na-----

1O3. N)e &ent#ne $!n& t"en,t) ! 5t) ,ene"at#!n a&)e#/e:1. 5

2. 13. 154. 3 ---?n 5t) ,ene"at#!n:Dent#n $!n& t"en,t): 35 (aTna+el $!n& Qt"en,t) 25 (a

1O4. Neet) 0#t) MN an& '!u 0ant t! ue %!tE 0)#c) %!t # t)eleat caue t! t!!t) "actu"e :

a. Mea&'#$e" %!t. ---&. "ea$"#cate& %!t.

1O5. N)e +!t #&eal 8l+ t)#c;ne ce+ent:a. #nc %)!%)ate ---

$. #nc %!l'ca"$!J#latec. R?


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&. Me#n ce+ent.

1O6. (e#!$uccal "!!t ! +aJ#lla"' 8"t +!la" (SQN S((SALX)a/e:

. Sne canal 0#t) !ne !"e+an ---7. Sne !" t0! canal 0#t) !ne !"e+an. N0! canal 0#t) !ne !"e+anD. N0! canal 0#t) t0! !"e+enDental Dec; a"t ?? 211


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2. *!0 0!ul& '!u a,n!e a %e"#a%#cal a$ce:. a#n !n %e"cu#!n ---7. a#n 0)en eat#n, )!t !!&. a#n 0)en eat#n, c!l& !!&D. N)e t)#c;ne ! %e"#!&!ntal l#,a+ent !n U


38/161

2K. >ac#al ne"/e u%%l' 0)#c) +ucle:1. (aete"2. Ne+%!"al#3. 7ucc#nat!" ---

2O. >"actu"e c!nta#n#n, TbDbce+entu+:. c"!0n "!!t "actu"e ----7. c!+%l#cate& c"!0n "actu"e &M70KG. "!!t "actu"e

21. N)e nee&le )!l&e" ue& #n utu"#n, ! l!0e" t)#"& +!la":. u"/e& )e+!tat. ---7. ll# !"ce%.. &!n !"ce%.D. Me,ula" t0eeVe".

211. ?n cae ! "actu"e ! t)e "a+u ! t)e +an$leE t! e/aluate# "actu"e a/!"a$le !" una/!"a$le:1. an!"a+#c "a!,"a%)2. 3 &e,"ee !$l#Fue "a!,"a%) ---3. % "a!,"a%)4. u$+ent!/e"t#J "a!,"a%)

212. S"t)!,nat)#c u",e"'E '!u %lan t! ue 2 ++ c"e0 t)e &"#ll#Ve:

. 1 ++7. 1.5 ++---

. 2 ++D. 2.5 ++)tt%:PP000.'nt)e.c!+P(ea7#nP?nte"nat#!nalZ2DNP36..413.%&

213. )at_ t)e "at#!:

Nral cancer)ontrol

6mo!erO0P0on

smo!er

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a. 6$. 2.35c. 3.43&. 13.5 ---S&& "at#!: O -6 P 1-4= 54P4 = 13.5TJ%lanat#!n:?n tat#t#cE t)e !&& "at#! # !ne ! t)"ee +a#n 0a' t! Fuant#' )!0t"!n,l' t)e %"eence !" a$ence ! %"!%e"t' # a!c#ate& 0#t) t)e%"eence !" a$ence ! %"!%e"t' 7 #n a ,#/en %!%ulat#!n. #;#%ea

214. at#ent c!+e 0#t) %a#n $ut )e canWt l!cal#Ve t)e t!!t) 0)at# t)e $et tet:

. t)e"+al tet ---7. %e"cu#!n tet. ca/#t' tetD. anet)e#a tet


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215. )#c) !ne # eJ#$le:a. ] >#le

$. Mea+e" 9]5nDo'gm!@?&K&AG[e'>?9`5 unct#!nal a%%l#ance

21G. Ma"eact#!n ! $!ne a,n!# # $':. %a#n #n t)e c!l&7. %a#n $' %e"cu#!n. c!"t#cal $!ne "e!"%t#!n ---D. "acula" $!ne "e!"%t#!n

21K. ?n cae ! "actu"e ! t)e "a+u ! t)e +an$leE t! e/aluate# "actu"e a/!"a$le !" una/!"a$le :

. %an!"a+#c "a!,"a%)7. 3 &e,"ee !$l#Fue "a!,"a%) ----c. % "a!,"a%)

D. u$+ent!/e"t#J "a!,"a%)Q#+%le "actu"e ! t)e +an$ula" an,le an& "a+u enla",e M!ut#nea,n!# ! t)# t'%e ! "actu"e )!ul& #nclu&e J,X>nF]eVnGRN*1Da)?7u4[K3>NO,t'?c,7ttn'P&l2P&1PL2&`QT/@@t3`QO`n73LV`V7@@>(@T0MV>>(N7MT(C@lM@DT0(DiP^e,+ent=(an$leH$!ne=(>H)!0a,e=a,n!#(an$le < D#a,n!# < S Qu",e"' Mee"ence

0002.a!!un&at#!n.!",)tt%:PP000.l#&e)a"e.netPt!n,+&P+an$ula"


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&. 6.5 ---)en t)e %* "etu"n t! %* 5.5 !" a$!/eE t)e al#/a 0)#c) #u%e"atu"ate& 0#t) calc#u+ an& %)!%)ateE !"ce +#ne"al $ac; #nt! t)et!!t).G >lu!"#&e a&!"$ t! t)e u"ace ! t)e %a"t#all' &e+#ne"al#Ve&c"'tal an& att"act calc#u+ #!n. N)# ne0 u"ace /enee" ta;e u%u!"#&e %"ee"ent#all' "!+ t)e !lut#!n a"!un& t)e c"'tal an& eJclu&e

ca"$!nate?t # calle&Qtean cu"/e

22. Tna+el # n!t !" le +#ne"al#Ve& t!:a. !"+at#/e cell &ea& !" a%%ea" ate" e"u%t#!n -

$. La",e c!ntent ! !",an#c %a"t#clec. Q+all c!ntent ! !",an#c %a"t#cle&. La",e a+!unt ! #n!",an#c +#ne"al

221. (ucle t)at c!nt"!l #n clet %alate:. ten!"

7. ele/at!" ---

222. +al,a+ "et!"at#!n 0)en "et!"e a cu% #t )!ul& $e)!"te" t)an n!"+al:

. 2++7. 1.5++ ---. 3++D. 4 ++

223. 7et a,n!# ! "!!t "actu"e #n/!l/e& #n %lace ! "actu"e&u"#n, )eal#n,:

. #nte"%"!J#+al c!nnect#/e t#ue

7. #nte"%"!J#+al $!ne. #nte"%"!J#+al c!nnect#/e t#ue an& $!ne ---D. #na++at#!n t#ue

224. N)e eFuence #n &ee% ca"#!u le#!n cl!e t! %ul% a"ea. R? $aeE /a"n#)E ca!)2$. Ca"n#)E R? $aeE ca!)2c. ca!)2E R? $aeE /a"n#)-----&. ca!)2E /a"n#)E R? $ae.

225. !t )!ul& et %a#/el' #n "!!t canal an& c"!0n )!ul& et0#t) l#,)t "e#tance:

a. 7!t) tate+ent a"e ale.$. 7!t) tate+ent a"e t"ue.----------c. >#"t tate+ent # t"ue an& ec!n& # ale.&. >#"t tate+ent # ale an& ec!n& tate+ent # t"ue# %!t et act#/e 0#ll lea& "!!t "actu"e EE

226. >atet "!ute ! a$!"%t#!n #:


42/161

. #n)alat#!n ----------

7. #nt"a/en!u 9?C &D$W$&G35&| KO2:*81*


43/161

. 2Z

7. 5Z ----- A7;9M8$78=E*

233. t. )a u!"#&e t!J#c#t'E 0)at )!ul& &ent#t &!:a. +a;e %t. ,a,#n, an& ,#/e en!u,) calc#u+ 9+#l; t! #n)#$#t u!"#te0!"; ---l! ,#/#n, alu+#nu+ *'&"!J#&e 0#ll !"+ H #n)#$#t u!"#te act#/#t'

234. )#c) +ucle t)at ele/ate t)e +an$le Ia0:a. ll ! $el!0 ---$. +aete"c. te+%!"al#&. +eal %te"',!#&

235. Q#+%le !"t)!&!nt#c cae t)at c!ul& t"eate& 0#t)#n G O '")!ul& $e:

a. Q#+%le c"!0&e&$. "!t"u&ec. "! $#te ---

236. N)e +an$le !"#,#nate "!+ 0)#c) "c) #n e+$"'!:a. 1t"c) ---$. 2n&"c)c. 3"&"c)

23G. *!0 +an' &u"at#!n ! RNM 9$a""#e" +e+$"ane:. 1 ee;

7. 1 +!nt). 3 +!nt)D. 6 +!nt)

23K. )at # t)e +a#n c!ntent ! %a"a naal u#&:a. *#,)l' ,luc!e c!ntent ---

23O. N)e ,"!0t) %u"t A1)z$ $et0een $!' H ,#"l #:SMD#Ye"ence #n %u%e"t' $et0een $!' an& ,#"l:a. 3 +!nt)

$. 6 +!nt)c. 1 'ea"&. 2 'ea" ---R#"l = 11


44/161

. %"!tect t)e %ul%7. %"e/ent c!l!"at#!n --->!" %e"+anent ?t !nl' !" %"e/ent c!l!"at#!n an& "e&uce t)e+#c"!lea;a,e &".Ia+al

241. &ult 21 '". &! eJ! t! 3"&+!la" an& "etu"n ate" 2 &a'0#t) 0ell#n, #n "#,)t H let ! t)e Ia0:

a.St'#!+l#t#$. Lu&0#,W an,#na ---

242. Sl& %at#ent )a %a#n #n l!0e" %"e+!la" $' "a!,"a%) '!u!un& t)at t)e canal a%%ea" at +#& "!!t t)# # &ue t!:

. calc#8cat#!n ! canal$. N0! canal a"e %"eent ---7ecaue calc#8cat#!n ta"t "!+ c!"!nal t! a%#cal ! # t)e canal %atentc!"!nal #tW n!t a calc#8cat#!n $ut uuall' t)e canal /#&e #n t! t0!

canal $uccal an& l#n,ual 0)#c) &! n!t a%%ea" #n 2D J#"t t)#n, t! $e c)ec;e& &u"#n, +etall#c c"!0n t"' #n:. "!c;#n,7. 8tt#n, ! #nne" u"ace ---. +a",#n.


45/161

24K. )#l& 6 'ea" )a/e a$n!"+al ena+el &ent#n an& %ul% #n Fua&"ant '!u a,n!# #:a. )'%!%la#a

7. "e,#!nal !&!nt%la#a ---c. Det!,en# #+%e"8cta

&. +el!,en# #+%e"8cta

24O. N"au+a caue& "actu"e ! t)e "!!t at Iunct#!n $et0een+#&&le an& ce"/#cal t)#"&:

1. D! en&! !" c!"!nal %a"t !nl'2. MN !" $!t)3. Lea/e4. Q%l#nt t)e t0! %a"t t!,et)e" ---

25. te" 8nal #nla' ce+entat#!n an& $e!"e c!+%lete ett#n, !ce+ent 0e )!ul&:

. "e+!/e !cclual #nte"e"ence7. $u"n#)#n, ! %e"#%)e"#e ! "et!"at#!n !" +!"e a&a%tat#!n. ---. l!0e"#n, !cclual u"ace

251. Ral/an#c )!c;:a. ut e%a"at#n, +eu+.$. a#t. ---. %ut /a"n#).te" 24 )!u" )an,e "et!"at#!n

252. t. )a )#,) +at#cat#!n !"ce )a ca"#e !n %!te"#!" teet)

an& )e 0ant !nl' et)et#c "et!"at#!n:a. !+%!#te 0#t) $e/ele& +a",#n.$. !+%!#te 0#t)!ut $e/ele& +a",#n. ---c. L#,)t cu"e& R?.&. #nc %)!%)ate ce+ent.

253. N)"ee 0ee; ate" #ne"t#!n ! >D +a";e& c!+!"t t!)eat an& c!l& !ccu" t)e"e a"e n! !t)e" '+%t!+. N)e +!t l#;el'caue #:

. ,#n,#/al "ece#!n7. uneat#n, ! >D 0#ll caue %a#n !n c)e0#n,. &eect#/e !cclual c!ntact ---

D. t!"#!nal !"ce !n t)e a$ut+ent t!!t)T. #nc!+%lete c!/e"a,e ! cut u"ace ! %"e%a"e& a$ut+ent teet)

254. Ae"/e "e%!n#$le !" %a#n:. ('el#nate&7. @n+'el#nate& --->#"t #&E a,e KO


46/161

Q+allE @n+'el#nate& ne"/e 8$e"9a#nE te+%e"atu"eE aut!n!+#c a"e+!"e en#t#/e t! l!cal anet)e#a t)an la",e"E +'el#nate& ne"/e 8$e"

255. )#c) n!t c!+%at#$le t! t)e %ul%:. R?

7. #nc %)!%)ate ce+ent ---. #nc %!l'ca"$!J'late ce+entR? !" /#tal t!!t) an& n !" n!n


47/161

261. N)e )a%e ! !%en acce #n t)e 1t+an$ula" +!la" an& #t$ae )!ul& $e:

. N"#an,ula" an& t)e $ae t!0a"& +e#al ---

262. at#ent &u"#n, !%e"at#!n )a )'%!ten#!n an& l!c!nc#!u:

. u%"#,)t %!#t#!n an& )# le, #n t)e !!"7. u%#ne %!#t#!n an& )# le, #n t)e !!". at %!#t#!n an& )# le, at t)e a+e ! )# )ea"tD. at an& le, a$!/e t)e le/el ! )# )ea"t ---

263. 1 '". !l& c)#l& )a $#late"al +an$ula" 0ell#n,:SM)#l& )a $#late"al 0ell#n, #n +an$ula"E ?n J


48/161

etween the enamel and the cementum at which the underlyin" dentin isexposed.

265. )#c) !ne ! t)e !ll!0#n, a"e n!t ue& #n 0ate"u!"#&at#!n:

1. Qn>2 J J J J2. 1.23Z >3. aQ#>2 ----------4. KZ Qtann!u u!"#&e>!" u"e "!+ "e

266. ?n cat#n, t)e u$t"uctu"e !" a +etal ce"a+#c "et!"at#!n#t # necea"' t! ue:

1< R'%u+


49/161

7. ull a% 0#t) t"#% a%. c!nnect#/e t#ue ,"at 0#t) ull a%&. N ,"at 0#t) t"#% a% ---

2G2. a"t#la,e 0)en #nc"eae& #n ,"!0t) 0e Ye"ent#ate

$et0een #t an& $!ne $' :. ,"!0t) #nten#t'7. &e%!#t#!n ---

2G3. N)e %"#+a"' ,!al! %!t #:. "eta#n t)e c!"e ---7. #ncate& 0)en !t t#ue c!+%"!+#e&. a H $D. n!n ! a$!/e

2G4. ?+%"!%e" ue ! &ental !:

. l#n,ual "e,#!n7. #nte" %a%#lla"' t"au+a ---. $uccal "e,#!n

2G5. N 0#t) u%%e" c!+%lete &entu"e c!+%la#n#n, "!+ %!!""etent#!n H ate" eJa+#nat#!n 0e !un& $u$$le #n%!te"#!" a"ea !u%%e" &entu"eE *X^

a. @n&e"%!t&a++#n, ---7. S/e" eJten#!n. @n&e" eJten#!nD. !/e" %!t &a++#n,

2G6. Q;eletal $!ne ! ;ull &e/el!% "!+:1. en&!c)!n&"al !#8cat#!n

2. #nt"a+e+$"an!u !#8cat#!n3. a b$ ---

2GG. t)e %u"%!e ! %l#nt #n (DQ:. "eleae I!#nt ten#!n7. "eleae +ucle ten#!n ---(DQ = ('!ac#al %a#n D'unct#!n Q'n&"!+e

2GK.t ca+e t! cl#n#c !" c!nt"uct#!n ! +aJ c!+%lete &entu"e

&u"#n, #nt"a!"al eJa+ u !un& e/e"eante"#!" un&e"cut an&%!te"#!"l' late"al t! +aJ tu$e"!#t' 0)at )!ul& &ent#t &!:

a. "e&uct#!n ! +aJ ante"#!" un&e"cut an& "el#e ! %!t !ne$. "e&uct#!n ! ant an& %!t un&e"cutc. "e&uct#!n ! %!t an& "el#e ! ant ---&. "el#e ! $!t)Dental &ec;


50/161

2GO. t ca+e t! '!u nee& u%%e" an& l!0e" c!+%lete &entu"eate" eJa+#nat#!n '!u n!t#ce& t)at )e )a an ante"#!" un&e"cut bun&e"cut #n %!t. a"ea nea" t! tu$e"!#t'E 0)at '!u 0#ll &!:

. "e+!/e un&e"cut "!+ ante"#!" a"ea7. "e+!/e un&e"cut "!+ %!t. a"ea ---

. "e+!/e un&e" "!+ %!t. "ea H +a;e "el#ne #n &entu"e !" ante"#!"a"eaD. "e+!/e un&e" "!+ ant. "ea H +a;e "el#ne #n &entu"e !" %!t a"ea

2K. 21 'ea" !l& %t. )a u$+an$ula" %ace #nect#!n 0ell#n,#n 36 a"ea an& 3K # +##n, !n "a!,"a%) )e )a "a!lucenc'eJten& #n 36E 3GE 3K a"ea 0#t) e%tal tu$e"cula an& "!!t "e!"%t#!n:

a. ]e"at! c't$. +el!$lat!+a ---c. Dent#,e"!u c't

+el!$lat!+a = @n#l!cula" 0ell#n, +!tl'

1ilateral undercuts in the tuerosity area Uor

anywhereV shold also alert you for possile

sur"ery.


51/161

2K1. t a,eE 4 'ea" a c)#l& t!!; ant#$#!t#c. )#c) teet) a"eaYecte&:

. cent"al an& late"al #nc#!" an& 6t)7. cent"al an& late"al #nc#!" !nl'.u%%e" an& l!0e" #nc#!" E cana#nE 8"t +!la" an& l!0e" late"al

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s

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8983

2K2. )at # t)e $et +ate"#al !" "ect %ul% ca%%#n, #n %e&!:. V#nc !J#&e7. !"+!c"e!l. ca!)&. R?a9S*2 # c!nt"a #ncate& #n %"#+a"' teet). D#"ect ul% ca%%#n,#ncate& !nl' # t)e"e # +all +ec)an#cal eJ%!u"e.

2K3. (!t &e#"a$le 8n#)e& u"ace c!+%!#te "e#n can $e

%"!/#&e& $':. 0)#te t!ne7. )an& #nt"u+ent.. ca"$#&e 8n#)#n, $u". ---D. a+!n& 8n#)#n, $u"T. cellul!#& +at"#J $an&

2K4. at#ent )a %a#n !n c)e0#n,an& c!l&0#ll "e+!/e #++eateate" "e+!/e t)e caue an& )a c"ac; #n +e#al u"ace #n t)e l!0e"+!la" an& n! ca""#e:

1. #""e/e"#$le %ul% an& +a;e MN 12. Me/e"#$le %ul% an& +a;e c"!0n ---3. A!"+al %ul% an& +a;e +!& a+al,a+4. #n J "a' )!0 "a!lucent a"ea #n +e#al "!!t

2K5. (ucle ! t)e t!n,ue a"e:a. 1G ---$. 1Kc. 1O&. 2

2K6. N)e tec)n#Fue t! "e+!/e al,#nate #+%"e#!n:. ,"a&uall' "e+!/al7. na% +!t#!n ---

2KG. cla ? +al!cclu#!n %t. 0#t) )#,) !/e" $#te an& ate+a )eca+e t! '!u" cl#n#c t! c!""ect t)e ate+a 0)atW t! &!:

. c!""ect t)e !/e" $#te 8"t ---7. c!""ect t)e ate+a


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2KK. (a#n ue ! &ental !:a. Me+!/e calculu.$. Me+!/e !/e" )an,.c. Me+!/e &ental %laFue. ---

&. Me+!/e !!& &e$"#!" u"e 1Z &ental %ule /!lu+e ## E &"Ia+al

2KO. c)#l& #n ea"l' +#Je& &ent#t#!n 0#t) t"an/e"e c"e%anc'an& un#late"al %!te"#!" c"!$#te 0)at &! t)# c)#l& nee&:

. )ea&,ea"7. ;eletal eJ%an#!n ---. &ental eJ%an#!nD. 0a#t unt#l e"u%t#!n ! all %e"+anent teet)

2O. ?+a,#n, )!0#n, %!#t#!n an& +!"%)!l!,' an& N(

$!ne:a. (M? ---$. Nc. "t)"!,"a%)'D. %la#n "a!,"a%).T. %la#n t!+!,"a%)'

2O1. )!%)!"#c ac#& # a%%l#e& !":1. 1


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a. 1


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&. )l!"!%"!ca#ne 9Qaet H atet !net

34. Q!t %alate all a$"u%tl' ac#l#tate "ec!"n, %!t &a+E all,"a&uall' +a;e "ec!"n, %!t &a+ Bcult:

. $!t) tate+ent t"ue7. $!t) ale ---c. >#"t t"ue an& ec!n& ale&. >#"t ale an& ec!n& t"ue

35.Q+ea" la'e" )!0 t! %"e/ent %ul%al &a+a,e:a. "e/ent %aa,e ! #""#tant t)"!u,) &ent#nal tu$ule ---$. Dec"eae t)e eYect ! ac#& etc)#n, !n t)e %ul%

36. L'+%) n!&e $ec!+e %ea; at:. $#"t)7. ea"l' c)#l&)!!&. late c)#l&)!!& ---D. ea"l' a&ult

3G. Dent#t ate" 8n#)#n, %"e%a"at#!n !" ull /enee"e& c"!0n$ut a ,"!!/e !n $uccal u"ace a a 8nal te% 0)':

a. ?ncat!" !" eat#n, ! c"!0n$. nt#


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. c)an,e ! %* #n al#/a7. &etect #nc#%#ent ca"#e. +!unt ! +#c"!!",an#+ an& #t ,"!0t) ---

31. Dec"eae t)e eYect ! ac#& etc)#n, !n t)e %ul% N)e t)"ee

len,t)! 8le an& "ea+e" t)at '!u 0!"; $' t)e+:a. 2


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. n!t 0all!0 ---7. 0all!0 a +all a+!unt. &! n!t "#neD. n!ne

31G. Q+all ca"#e c!n8ne& t! ena+el:. %"e/ent#/e +eau"e ---7. "et!"at#!n. !$e"/at#!n

31K. N!n,ue &e/el!% "!+:1. (an$ula" $"anc) an& t!$u"culu+ ]a+%a" ---2. >#"t $"anc)#al a"c)

31O. )at c!+%!#te )!ul& #&eall' $e ue& !" a cla C:SM

7et "et!"at#!n !" cla C 95 H )a ,la' 8n#) #:1. +#c"!8ll $ecaue #t # %!l#)e& $ette" ---2. +#c"!8ll $ecaue #t # t"!n,e"3. *'$"#& $ecaue #t # %!l#)e& $ette"4. *'$"#& $ecaue #t # t"!n,e"

32. e"#!&!nt#u+ ! a$et#c %at#entaYecte& $':. +ac"!%)a,e7. neut"!%)#l ---

321. !te"#!" %alatal $a" !" t"#% ue& 0#t):

a. ]enne&' cla1$. ]enne&' cla2c. ]enne&' cla3 ---&. ]enne&' cla4

322. 2 canal #n t)e a+e "!!t +!t c!++!n #n:. l!0e" %"e+!la"7. l!0e" 6 #n tal ---

323. e&!E )a t"au+a #n 11E )al an )!u" a,!E 0#t) l#,)t a%#cal

eJ%!u"eE !%en a%eJE t"eat+ent #:. %ul%!t!+' 0#t) !"+!c"e!l7. a%eJ#8cat#!nc. D --- 9D#"ect %ul% ca%%#n,

324. %#cal %e"#!&!ntal c't a"#e "!+:a. *e"t0#, )eat)


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$. T%#t)el#al cell "et ! +alaeV. ---

325. >!"+at#!n ! %e"#!&!ntal c't &ue t!:a. Aa!lac"#+al c't.7. *e"t#0#,.

c. T%#t)el#al "et ! +alaaV&. eal ! e""e.

326. )#c) # t)e +!t L#;el' caue ! %e"#!&!ntal c't:a. ell Met ! (alaeV---$. ell "et ! e".c. ell ! *e"t0#, )eat).>"!+ "e E Late"al %e"#!&!ntal c't : $ .. u"e .. &".Ia+al

32G. Tn&!+et)a!ne # a "!!t canal eale" t)at:a. D#!l/e #n u#& ! #t 0ea;en t)e "!!t canal 8ll#n,.

$. Ce"' t!J#c c!nta#n !"+al&e)'&e.c. !nta#n c!"t#c!te"!#&.D. ll t)e a$!/e.

32K. Tn&!+et)a!ne a "!!t canal eale":. )a/e )#,) !lu$#l#t' 0)#c) !l/e an& caue "!!t canal a#lu"eU7. # )#,)l' t!J#c---. c!nta#n c!"t#!neUD. n!ne ! t)e a$!/e89:;:9?>(@ABCDEFG)H 89:;(@ABCAIFJH BKLMNO:9PNLBBLO>MNO:989:;:9?>)

Tn&!+et)a!ne

M!!t canal eale" ! t)e #nc SJ#&e t'%e 0#t) a"a!"+al&e)'&e an&c!"t#c!te"!#&>SM(@L *'&"!c!"t#!ne acetate 1. , TJc#%#ent: t)'+!l #!&eE $a"#u+ul%)ateE V#nc !J#&eE (a,ne#u+ tea"ate F..a&. 1. ,

32O. N)e act#!n ! t)e ealant:. !%en ena+el tu$ule t! ente" !"#&e7. +a;e l!0 u"ace ten#!n t! +a;e "etent#!n ---. clean t)e ena+el u"aceD. +a;e c)#c; 0)#te a%%ea"ance

33. t. 0#t) %la+a enV'+e )!ul& ta;e:a. "!ca#ne 0#t) )cl 0)#c) 1E2. e%#ne%)"#ne$. "!ca#ne )cl 0#t)!ut e%#ne%)"#nec. "!l#ca#ne )cl 0#t) 1.2. e%#ne%)"#ne ---

331. at) ! #ne"t#!n ! MD:. t#lt "#,)t H t#lt let7. t#lt ante"#!"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticosteronehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticosteronehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisone


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. t#lt %!te"#!"D. %e"%encula" t! !cclual %lane ---

332. )at a"e t)e "ec!++en&e&nu+$e" ! #+%lant !"c!+%lete e&ent!ul %at#ent:

. +aJ#lla 1 +an$ula" 17. +aJ#lla 3 +an$ula" 2. +aJ#lla 6 +an$ula" 4 ff t)# # a +#n#n+u+D. +aJ#lla K +an$ula" 6 --- # # a "ec!++en&e&d#t 8J& %"!t)e#d

333. )atW t)e en&! #nt"u+ent t)at )a/e $e/el t#%:. %ee! Me+e"$. Rate Rl#&&enc. "!ta%e" ---&. ] 8leN)e "!@lt"a TADS 1


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33O. 7aal c"an#al $!ne !"+e& "!+:. >"!ntal H Scc#%#tal7. Scc#%#tal H Q%)en!#& --- >"!ntal H Q%)en!#&

34. t. )a #+%acte& can#ne )!0 can +eau"e& t)e tance t!&!0n #t t! u#ta$le %lace:1. ..J "a' !nl'2. .. J "a' 0#t) cl#n#cal ---

341. N)e "!0 )!0 kt"ut) t)e c!lu+n )!0 ktet "eulta. ell )a t"ue %!#t#/e a+%le. ---7. ell )a t"ue ne,at#/e a+%le.. ell )a ale %!#t#/e a+%le.D. ell )a ale ne,at#/e a+%le.

342. Me+!/#n, ! &ent#ne #n &an,e"!u V!ne t! ce+entu+ #:1. e"!"at#!n. 9%#cal %e"!"at#!n.2. Le&,e.3. Qt"#%%#n, ----4. #%%#n,.Qt"%%#n, # late" %e"!"at#!n

343. 12 )#l& t)e &ent#t a#& t! )# %a"ent t! eJt"act t)e 46 an&36 teet) $ecaue t)# teet) canWt t"eat+ent t)en 0)at t! &! ate"eJt"act#!n:SM12 'ea" !l& e+aleE )a $a&l' &eca'e& 36E 46 n!n


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D. #na+e& t#ue

345. at#ent )a c"e%anc' ! t!!t) c!l!" an& Ye"ent #VeE t!&! %lan t! t"eat 0e nee&:

. a,n!t#c cat ---

7. %an!"a+#c J


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7. tal ! a +an$ula" 8"t %"e+!la".. tal ! a +an$ula" 8"t +!la".D. +e#al ! a +an$ula" 8"t +!la" ---

352. Qec!n& canal +!t "eFuentl' een #na. (e#!$uccal ! u%%e" +!la" ---

353. e"!"at#!n &u"#n, en&! %ace %"e%a"at#!n 0)at # t)e +!tu"ace ! tal "!!t ! l!0e" +!la" 0#ll )a/e ten&enc' !%e"!"at#!n:

a. (e#al u"ace. ---$. D#tal u"ace.c. 7uccal u"ace.&. L#n,ual u"ace.

354. )#c) ! !ll!0#n, eae a!c#ate& &ec"eae #n ca"#e:a. QI!,"enW 'n&"!+e 9#nc"eae ca"#e

$. 't#c 8$"!# 9&ec"eae ca"#ec. e"e$"al %al'&. D!0n 'n&"!+e 9 &ec"eae ca"#e +!"e

7!t) c't#c 8"$!# &ue t! 7 ue 0)#le #n &!0n &ue t! )#,) al#/at#!n

355. Du"#n, %e"#! u",e"' !" a t. #t) c)"!n#c %e"#!&!nt#t#

356. Qt"e%t!c!ccu act#/#t'&etecte& $':a. >e"+entat#!n. ---7. atalae.ct#/#t' ff e"+entat#!nC#"ulent ff catalae

D" 0al#& )aV#+35G. N)#c;ne ! lut#n, ce+ent:. 1 +#c"!+ete".7. 4 +#c"!+ete". ---. 1++.

35K. at#ent 0#t) la ?? ]enne&' DE ,!!& !"al )',#ene an& l!0ca"#e #n&eJ '!u 0!ul& ue:

a. #"cu+e"ent#al cla%$. 7ac; act#!n cla%c. at cla%

&. M#n, cla%

35O. at#ent 0)! )a un


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D. ,#n,#/al a%%"!ac)#n, cla%

36. Mel#n#n, 0)#c) !ne # c!nt"a#ncate&:a. "e!"$e& "#&,e$. #nc"eae /e"t#cal +en#!n ---

361. e+ent a%%ea" #n "a!,"a%)#c l#;e ca"#e cann!tt#n,u#) "!+ #t:

. calc#u+ )'&"!J#&e #nclu&e )'&"!J'l ,"!u% ---&ental &ec;7. V#nc %)!%)ate. ,la #!n!+e"T. V#nc %!l'ca"$!Jlate>. n!ne ! a$!/e

362. t 0#t) 0#&e clet l#% an& %alate l#% a&)e#!n !" na!al/e!la"+!ln, %lanne&:

a. >e0 0ee; ate" $#"t)$. >#"t t)#"& +!nt)c. N)#"& t! #Jt)&. 6 O

363. N)e %"!t!c!l !" &ental t"au+a #n/!l/e all ! t)e !ll!0#n,EeJce%t:

a. ?&eall'E t)e t!!t) )!ul& $e "e%!#t#!ne& t! #t !"#,#nal %!#t#!n.$. TN an& t)e"+al tet#n, a"e un"el#a$le !ll!0#n, t"au+a #nce %)'#calt"au+a can e/e"e !" &a+a,e ne"/e u%%l' 0#t)!ut alte"#n, %ul%al $l!!&u%%l'P/#tal#t'.c. ? t)e "!!t # c!+%letel' !"+e& !n a t!!t) t)at )a $een #nt"u&e&E a

%ul%ect!+' )!ul& $e %e"!"+e& 0#t)#n 1


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. 2 +, )'&"!c!"t#!ne #nt"a/en!u7. .5 +, e%#ne%)"#ne ! 1P1 #nt"a /en!u. a&"enal#ne ! 1P1 #nt"a +ucula" 9?( ---

36G. 3 'ea" !l& %t.E 0ate" u!"#&at#!n .2%%+ 0)at # t)e

%"e/ent#/e t"eat+ent. .25 +, u!"#&e ta$let---7. 1 +, u!"#&e ta$letc. >lu!"#&ate& +!ut)0a)&. Qealant

36K. >!" c)#l&"en c!n#&e"e& t! $e at )#,) "#; ! ca"#e an& 0)!l#/e #n a"ea 0#t) 0ate" u%%l#e c!nta#n#n, le t)an .3 %%+:

. .25 +, > %e" &a' a,e 6 +!nt) t! 3 '".7. .5 +, %e" &a' "!+ 3


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c. Tl!n,at#!n ! ena+el e%#t)el#u+E Ye"ent#at#!n ! !&!nt!$latE&ent#ne !"+at#!n t)en ena+el !"+at#!n. ---)tt%:PP&entallecn!te.$l!,%!t.c!+P211PGP6.)t+l

3G3. +!unt ! /e"t#cal $!ne l! a"!un& &ental #+%lant #n 8"t

'ea":a. .5$. 1


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3K. ae b J.,n"le at Bunction etween aBor connector and denture ase should e $O0de"ree

3K2. (#l& 'ell!0$"!0n tet"ac'cl#ne ta#n#n,:SM)#l& )a Net"ac'cl#ne c!l!"e& #n %e"+anent t!!t) 0)at # t)e%"!%e" t"eat+ent:

1. !+%!#te /enee" ---2. *!+e $leac)#n,3. u+#ce +#c"! a$"a#!n4. !"cela#n /enee"? t)#n; u+#ce +#c"!a$"a#!n

3K3. t. %"eente& t! '!u 0#t) %ul% %!l'% ?t #:. )'%e"t"!%)#c7. )'%e"%la#a ---

3K4. )at ! t)# u"ace SAT n!t c!nt"#$ute& t! Dentu"eu"ace:

. #+%"e#!n u"ace7. %!l#)e& u"ace. /et#$ule u"ace ---&. Scclual u"ace

3K5. t 0#t) #nte"nal "e!"%t#!nE 0)at &ent#t )!ul& &!:. c!+%lete eJt#"%at#!n ! t)e %ul% ---$. Tnla",e+ent ! canal t! a"ea ! "e!"%t#!n

3K6. *!0 '!u 0#ll &! D#Ye"ent#ate $et0een /#tal H nec"!t#c %ul%:. %e"cu#!n7. %al%at#!n. elect"#c ---


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3KG. at#ent eel e/e"e %a#n u%%e" +!ut) %a#n # "aate& t! e'ean& ea"E ate" '!u c)ec; n! ca"#e 0)en '!u %"eu"e !n +aJ#lla"'%"e+!la" )e eel %a#n. ?n U


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&. Dec"eae al#/a

3O5. U'l#t!l ,u+ ue& !" ,u+:a. "e/ent ca"#e ---7. &ec"eae al#/at#!n

3O6. U'l#t!l:a. Me&uce ca"#e ---)tt%:PP000.nc$#.nl+.n#).,!/P%u$+e&P126O3K1K

3OG. Nu, $ac; # "ee""e& t!:. "e#tance ! +ate"#al t! 0#t)&"a0al. Metent#!n ! R #n#&e t)e canal. t)e "etent#!n ! t)e Rutta e"c)a at t)e a%#cal %!"t#!n ! t)e canal ---

D0&)

3OK. La",e a+!unt ! t!%#cal u!"#&e &!e n!t caue u!"!#E)':. t)e teet) al"ea&' calc#8e& ---

3OO. N'%e ! $"u)#n, $"#tle 0!"; a act#/e %a"t:a. Qt#ll+anW tec)n#Fue ----7. $a tec)n#Fuec. M!ll tec)n#Fue

4. )at # t)e $et $"u)#n, tec).:. +!e& $a ---7. t#ll+anW

. +!e& t#ll+anD. +!e& c)a"te"

Q1%RS3T6simple ass or sulcular.......ost common method of urshin" is 6cru

41. 7acte"#a caue !te!+'el#t#:a. Q.au"eu ---

42. S",an#+ t)at a!c#ate& 0#t) !te!+'el#t# :!" a+al,a+ Met!"at#!n ! 0ea;ene& cu% '!u )!ul&:

. Me&uce cu% $' 2++ !n a at $ae !" +!"e "e#tance7. Me&uce cu% $' 2++ !ll!0#n, t)e !utl#ne ! t)e cu%---. Me&uce 2++ !" "etent#!n !"+

464. 7e!"e 8ll#n, a cla C a$"a#!n ca/#t' 0#t) R? '!u )!ul&:. lean 0#t) %u+#ceE "u$$e" cu%E 0ate" an& 0ea; ac#& ---7. D"' t)e ca/#t' t)!"!u,)l' $e!"e &!#n, an't)#n,. c#& #tc) ca/#t' t)en &"' t)!"!u,)l'

465. N)e un&a+ental "ule #n t)e en&!&!nt#c e+e",enc#e # :. c!nt"!l %a#n $' #na++at!"' n!n


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7. ;n#e


79/161

4G6. t. ate" &el#/e"' ! u%%e" c!+%lete &entu"e an& l!0e"+etall#c %a"t#al &entu"e 0#t) !nl' "e+a#n#n, ante"#!" teet) )e 0aeJcellentE ate" 1 'ea" )e ca+e t! u 0#t) %a#n a"!un& t)e a$ut+entate" u c)ec;e& e/e"'t)#n, # n!"+al E0)at # t)e %"!$le+: '


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4K4. )#c) tate+ent # "#,)t a$!ut ca"#e:a. "e/e"#$le$. ?""e/e"#$le ---

4K5. Qtan&a"& t"eat+ent !" c!+%letel' e&entul!u %t. n!0a&a'#:a. !n/ent#!nal D$. D 0#t) attac)+entc. D u%%!"te& $' 2 #+%lant&. D u%%!"te& $' 4 #+%lant ---

4K6. >lu!"#&e #n 0ate" u!"#&at#!n )!ul& $e:a. 1%%+ ---?&eal 0ate" u!"#&at#!n #: .G


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4O1. te" t"au+aE a t!!t) $ec!+e 'ell!0#) #n c!l!"E t)# # &uet!:

a. Aec"!t#c %ul%.$. ?""e/e"#$le %ul%#t#.c. ul% # %a"t#all' !" c!+%letel' !$l#te"ate&. ---

&. *e+!"")a,e #n t)e %ul%.N!!t) c!l!"at#!n ate" t"au+a # a c!++!n %"!$le+ ace& $' a&ult an& c)#l&"en$ut c)#l&"en a"e "e%!"te& t! $e t)e 0!"t uYe"e".

4O2. D#c!l!"at#!n ! en&! t"eate& teet):a. *e+!"")a,e ate" t"au+a. dM,-.O82

$. ?nc!+%lete "e+!/e R "!+ t)e %ul% c)a+$e". dM,-.O81

c. ?nc!+%lete "e+!/al ! %ul% t#ue. dM,-.O83

? %ul% "e+nant "e+a#n #n#&e t)e %ul% c)a+$e" ate" en&!&!nt#ct"eat+entE t)# can caue a c!"!nal c!l!"at#!n &ue t! a ,"a&ual

#nte,"at#!n an& !0 #nt! t)e &ent#nal tu$ule. )en 8ll#n, +ate"#alan& eale" "e+nant !" +eca+ent c!nta#n#n, tet"ac'cl#ne t)at a"e n!tc!+%letel' "e+!/e& "!+ t)e %ul% c)a+$e" ate" en&!&!nt#c t"eat+enta"e #n c!ntact 0#t) &ent#n !/e" t#+eE t)e' can %enet"ate #nt! t)e &ent#ntu$ule an& c!l!" t)e t!!t))tt%:PP+un#n.u#t.n!P$#tt...P)an&leP13GP421Pt)e#.%&

4O3. 2 '". c)#l& )a& t"au+a t! u%%e" cent"al #t $ec!+e #nt"u&e&0)at t! &!:

a. TJt"act#!n$. S$e"/e ---

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! an aut!cla/e "un $ut t)e' a"e !nl' u,,et#/e ! a ucceulte"#l#Vat#!n.3. Q%!"e t"#% +a' $e %lace& #n#&e t)e aut!cla/e at t)e ta"t ! #tc'cle. te" "unn#n,E t)e aut!cla/e t)e t"#% # "ec!/e"e& an& cultu"e&.$ence ! ,"!0t) ate" a u#ta$le %e"#!& #ncate a ucceul "un.N)e %"!$le+ 0#t) t)# +et)!& # t)at #t # "et"!%ect#/e. ? a %"!$le+ )aa"#enE t)en t)# 0#ll $e c!/e"e& !nl' 0)en t)e %!"e )a/e,e"+#nate&. N)# # %"!$a$l' t!! late t! ta;e eYect#/e act#!n !t)e" t)ant! call #n an en,#nee" t! %"e/ent u"t)e" %"!$le+
http://munin.uit.no/bitst.../handle/10037/4210/thesis.pdfhttp://munin.uit.no/bitst.../handle/10037/4210/thesis.pdf


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