PROJECT ZEFIR: THROUGH THE PROJECT ZEFIR: THROUGH THE RESEARCH OF OFFSHORE RESEARCH OF OFFSHORE WIND POWER IN DEEP WATERWIND POWER IN DEEP WATER

PROJECT ZEFIRhttp://www.cordemariavalls.cat/zefir/

IndexIndex-Renewables / non-renewables energies-Advantages and disadvantages of the renewable non-renewable energies-Advantages and disadvantages of wind energy-Graphic of energetic consumption-Graphic of daily wind energy production-Primary energy consumption in Catalonia-Electric energy production in Catalonia-Compass rose -Names of the winds and theirs directions-Power curve (KW) – wind speed (m/s)-Parts of a wind turbine-Wind energy in Spain-Wind energy locations-Onshore-Offshore-The future evolution of wind turbine

What are the What are the renewablesrenewables energies?energies?

� The renewables energies are the energies which are found in the nature and they are inexhaustible

� There are a lot of types:- Hydraulic - Solar thermal- Geothermal - Tidal- Biomass - Windpower- Solar -…

Advantages and disadvantages of the Advantages and disadvantages of the renewablesrenewables energies (I)energies (I)� Advantages:-They hardly ever pollute.-Free natural resources.-They are inexhaustible.-They produce less waste.- They are silence.- Low energetic when redeemed expenses

Font:http://www.granadillaresponsable.com/noticia.php?titulo=Subvenciones%20para%20el%202009,%20destinadas%20a%20instalaciones%20de%20energ%C3%ADas%20renovables&comienzo=25

Advantages and disadvantages of the Advantages and disadvantages of the renewablesrenewables energies (II)energies (II)

� Disadvantages:

- Great investment in terms of infraestructure.

-Require a good maintenance.

- They are unknown to the population.

-The installations are big.

-They cause visual impacts.

Font: http://elvientodelavida.blogspot.com/2009_03_09_archive.html

What are the nonWhat are the non--renewable renewable energies?energies?

� The energies are found in the nature but they are in limited quantities.

� There are different types:

- Nuclear

- Coal

- Oil- Gas

Central de carbó de Cercs (El Bergadà)

Advantages and disadvantages of Advantages and disadvantages of nonnon--renewablesrenewables energies (I)energies (I)� Advantages:-Of coal: very cheap fuel.-Of petrol: very good fuel for any type of vehicle.-Of natural gas: it’s used in lots of every day life spheres and in the industry.

Font: http://tecno12-14.info/imatges/petroli3.jpg

Advantages and disadvantages of Advantages and disadvantages of nonnon--renewablesrenewables energies energies (II)(II)

� Inconvenients:

-They have limited resources.

-They pollute a lot.

-In case of accident in a nuclear industry it can cause a great catastrophe.

http://lydiayana-energiasnucleares.blogspot.com/2010/06/energia-nuclear.html

Advantages and disadvantages of Advantages and disadvantages of wind energy wind energy � Advantages:-It’s inexhaustible.-It’s clean, it hardly pollute.-Easy detachable installations.-Low environmental impact.-Every time more cheap.

� Disadvantages:-They request a lot of space.-They must be situated in laces where wind blows.-It’s difficult to find accepted locations by populations.-Visual and audible impact.

LocationsLocations of of thethe windwind turbines in turbines in CataloniaCatalonia

http://www.eoliccat.net/parcs-eolics-de-catalunya/llistat-de-parcs-eolics.html

Graph of power consume on to Graph of power consume on to Spain one day whosoeverSpain one day whosoever

https://demanda.ree.es/demanda.html

Graph of the daily wind production Graph of the daily wind production in Spainin Spain

https://demanda.ree.es/eolica.html

Primary energy consumption in Primary energy consumption in CataloniaCatalonia

http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/icaen/menuitem.71a2158dbba416fdc644968bb0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=e0f046768abad110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e0f046768abad110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default

coalothers

Renawable

Natural gas

oil

Electric energy production in Electric energy production in CataloniaCatalonia

http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/icaen/menuitem.71a2158dbba416fdc644968bb0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=e0f046768abad110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e0f046768abad110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default

coal

Hydraulic

Other renewablesOther no renewables

Combined cycle

Cogeneration

What is the compass rose?What is the compass rose?

� The compass rose is a circle with the main courses in which the winds directions are traditionally divided.

http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitxer:Brosen_windrose_It.svg

WindsWinds andand theirtheir directionsdirections

� Tramuntana(N)

� Gregal(NE)

� Llevant(E)

� Xaloc(SE)

� Migjorn(S)

� Garbí i Llebeig(SW)

� Ponent(W)

� Mestral(NW)http://blocs.xtec.cat/seaeeducaciofisica/2009/11/

PowerPower curve (KW) curve (KW) –– windwind speedspeed(m/s)(m/s)

Font: Catàleg Ecotecnia 12/30

Power (kW)

Wind speed (m/s)

Parts of a wind turbineParts of a wind turbine (I)(I)

� Nacelle: casing that protects the functional parts of a wind turbine.

� Rotor blades: Transmit power of the wind at hub.

� Hub: It links the blades of the rotor with the low speed-shaft.

� Low speed shaft: link the rotor hub with the gearbox.

� Multiplicadora: permet que l’eix d’alta velocitatgiri més ràpid que el de baixa velocitat.

Parts of a wind turbine (IIParts of a wind turbine (II))� High speed shaft: it turns at high speed and allows the operation of the generator.

� The electric generator: Transforms the mechanic energy to electric energy.

� The electronic controller: It controls the orientation mechanism according to the wind conditions.

� The cooling units: cools the generator.� Tower: holds the gondola and the rotor.� Orientation mechanism: coordinated with the electric controller, it orientates according to the wind conditions.

Parts of a wind turbine Parts of a wind turbine (III)(III)

http://www.renovables-energia.com/2009/07/partes-de-un-aerogenerador/

High-speed shaft

Hub

Gear Box Nacelle

BladeLow-speed shaft

TowerGenerator

Anemometer and weather vane

Refrigeration unit

electric controller

Wind power in SpainWind power in Spain� Basic information:

-In 2009 it avoided the emission of 19,1 millions de tons of CO2.

-In 2010, has covered the 16.6% of the demand.

-The install power is 20.676MW.

-It provides a lot of money to PIB in an indirect form.

Annual evaluation of wind power Annual evaluation of wind power installed in Spaininstalled in Spain

http://www.aeeolica.es/contenidos.php?c_pub=10

YEARS

ANNUAL ACUMULATED

Wind turbine location and installed Wind turbine location and installed powerpower (MW)(MW)

http://www.aeeolica.es/contenidos.php?c_pub=10

AUTONOMIC COMUNITY TOTAL IN 1/1/2011 IN 2010 VARIATION RATE %ABOUT TOTAL N. OF PAKS

ComunitiesComunities installed powerinstalled power

http://www.aeeolica.es/contenidos.php?c_pub=10

Places where offshore wind turbines Places where offshore wind turbines can be installedcan be installed

http://notanaprop.wordpress.com/category/opinio/

PROJECTE PROJECTE ZEFIRZEFIR..

PHASE 1 PHASE 2

Water depth 40-45 m > 100 m

Distance to coast 3 km 20 km

Number of wind turbines 4 8

Power installed 20 MW 50 MW

Type of foundation Bottom-fixed Floating

http://www.irec.cat/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&catid=9&id=129&Itemid=20

LocalitationsLocalitations of project Zof project ZÈÈFIRFIR

http://www.elpunt.cat/noticia/article/1-territori/11-mediambient/152235-la-mar-de-lebre-tindra-una-plataforma-per-assajar-parcs-eolics-en-aiguees-profundes.html#comentaris

http://www.aeeolica.es/userfiles/file/reoltec2010/3-2-Pep-Prats_ALSTOM-WIND.pdf

WILL MODELS BE INSTALLED WITHOUT GEARBOX?

http://www.alstom.com/power/news-and-events/press-releases/alstom-and-converteam-team-up-on-the-worlds-largest-direct-drive-permanent-magnet-generator-for-offshore-wind-power/

Alstom andConverteam

team up on theworld’s largest

Direct Drive Permanent

MagnetGenerator foroffshore wind

power

WITHOUT THE GEARBOX? YES, WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS TECHNOLOGY

http://www.alstom.com/assetmanagement/DownloadAsset.aspx?ID=ab6a5dd2-f192-4bb6-acce-c67e1b78bac5&version=5baf4f26acbd42d3822dbb3a9ce2898b14.pdf

ALSTOM ALSTOM ECOECO--1XXM1XXM

http://www.alstom.com/power/news-and-events/press-releases/alstom-collaborates-with-belwind-to-test-its-new-6-MW-direct-drive-offshore-wind-turbine-in-begium/

http://www.alstom.com/power/news-and-events/press-releases/alstom-collaborates-with-belwind-to-test-its-new-6-MW-direct-drive-offshore-wind-turbine-in-begium/

http://www.alstom.com/power/news-and-events/press-releases/alstom-collaborates-with-belwind-to-test-its-new-6-MW-direct-drive-offshore-wind-turbine-in-begium/

OffshoreOffshore

� Offshore wind energy is based on installing wind turbine into the sea.

Advantages:

-The wind turbine has got a more constant wind flow.

-The visual impact is reduced.

-The tower is shorted because the wind doesn’t find any obstacle.

Inconvenients:

-A higher investment has to be done.

How arrive in to the earth?How arrive in to the earth?

� It arrives to the earth using cables buried in the sea.

� They have to be buried for avoiding problems howwfishing drag.

� Once on earth, tension is up and it’s connected to the grid.http://www.absolutnoruega.com/noruega-tras-el-desarrollo-de-energia-eolica-marina/