project unit 8 type i diabetes power pointr
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Alejandra Altamirano
HS 200-04
Unit 8 Capstone Project
Kaplan University
February 8th , 2011
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Symptomsy They begin to appear quickly once the pancreas shuts down its production
of insulin.
y Notably increased thirst and frequent urination.
y Unusual weight loss, extreme hunger and fatigue, irritability, blurred vision,
nausea, and vomiting.
y They occur because there is not enough insulin to move sugar into cells.
y When fruity breath odor and heavy respirations signs occur, they are
symptoms for diabetic ketoacidosis.
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Causes of diabetesy The main causes are unknown; some people may have inherit tendency to
develop it.
y There are some environmental factors that may be involved also, such as
viral infections.
y The presence of other autoimmune disorders, such as thyroid disease and
celiac disease, may raises the risk in a child.
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D
iagnosisy There are many tests available to diagnose diabetes, such as urine test, blood
test, in the first instance.
y Then glucose tolerance tests, fasting blood sugar levels and the glycated
hemoglobin (A1C) tests.
y Further testing are to be performed where at least two of the fasting are to be
positive, and the presence of glucose and acetone in the urine.
y Compared with repeated daily blood sugar tests, A1C testing better indicates
how well the diabetes treatment plan is working.
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Treatment forDiabetes
y The insulin therapy consists of insulin shots
and the dosage depends on the level of sugar in
the blood at the moment of the shot.
y An special and well balanced diet plan is need
it; high in fiber, low in saturated fat, and low
sodium and sweets.
y Exercise and active participation in sports
activities are highly recommended since it
helps control the levels of sugar in blood.
y It focuses in to stabilize blood glucose levels by an insulin therapy, special
diet and exercise routine.
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Considerationsy Diabetes can affect the child's emotions both directly and indirectly. Poorly
controlled blood sugar can directly affect emotions by causing behavior
changes, such as irritability.
y Over time, high blood glucose levels can cause damage to virtually every
organ system of the body.
y It is necessary to understand the risks of hypoglycemia or diabetic coma -
low glucose level in the blood - and hyperglycemia or insulin reaction - high
glucose level in the blood.
y Proper management of blood sugar levels and the actions to take in each
situation, can ensure a proper treatment.
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Considerations (cont)y Must know the medication purpose, dosage, an possible side effects.
y Appropriate preparation and administration techniques.
y Regular check-ups and controls are always necessary.
y How important is the prevention of infection and injury; maintenance of
proper skin, foot, and dental care.
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Considerations (cont)y The need to maintain a healthy diet and regular
exercise plan since it can improve quality of life
and help to prevent future complications.
y A medic alert bracelet would be very helpful as
well.
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Factors that can interfere with
insulin therapyy The anxiety for possible hypoglycemia.
y Concern for weight gain.
y Trouble and fear related to the injections and complexity of treatment.
y Medications for diabetes can be expensive and sensible.
y Apprehension for any possible complication.
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Prognosisy The prognosis can help determine diabetes life expectancy, diabetes life span,
and the best course of diabetes treatment.
y Symptoms are eased, blood glucose levels are controlled, fewer complications
and hospitalizations are experienced with appropriate self care and propermedical attention.
y Today people with this condition are living longer than they were.
y When monitoring appropriately, people can participate in all levels of activity.
y Taking care of blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol minimizes the
chance of life-threatening complications.
y If untreated, diabetes can lead to fatal consequences, including death.
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References
y Frazier, M. and Drymkowski, J. (2009). Essentials of Human Diseases and
Conditions. Chapter 4, Disease and Conditions of the Endocrine System,
p.177-178. Saunders: Elsevier.
y Mayo Clinic Staff. (2009, June 13). Type 1 diabetes in children. Retrieved
on December 19th of 2010 from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/type-1-
diabetes-in-children/DS00931
y American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). Diabetes basics-type 1. Retrieved on
December 20th of 2010 from http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/type-1