project of solar ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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Under the Supervision of
Asst. Prof. Pratyay KonarDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (4th Year Student)
BySOUMYA DATTA
A presentation on SOLAR POWERED SMART STREET LIGHTS
WITH AUTO INTENSITY CONTROL
May 1, 2023
MODERN INSTITUTE OF ENGINNEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY (Approved by AICTE)
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2PRESENTATION OUTLINE1. Introduction to Solar Integrated SMART Street Lighting System
2. Solar power & it’s conversion to electricity
3. General Design of SMART Street Lights
4. Electrical components required for implementation
5. Implementation of the circuit
I. Charge Controlling Circuit
II. LDR based Circuit
III. Alternative Power Supply
IV. Controlling Circuit
V. Adjustable Voltage Regulator
VI. Complete Circuit
6. Conclusion & Future Scope of the project
7. Appendix
8. Bibliography & ReferencesMay 1, 2023
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3Introduction to Solar Integrated SMART Street Lighting System
SMART Street Lighting System (solar integrated) utilizes street light controllers which are smarter versions of the mechanical or electronic timers previously used for street light ON-OFF switching operation using the solar energy for it’s power.
They come with energy conservation options like twilight saving, staggering or dimming as they are designed primarily for energy efficiency.
A comprehensive system usually consists of: -
LED
Control unit
Sensors installed in each lamp pole or group of lamp poles
Communication units
Management center May 1, 2023
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4Benefits of SMART Street Lighting System
The benefits of this type of technology can be: Energy savings Reduction of maintenance cost Reduction in CO₂ emissions Reduction of light pollution Maintenance of safety
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5Solar power & it’s conversion to electricity
Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, directly using photovoltaic (PV). Solar Cells converts light into an electric current using the photovoltaic effect.
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6General Design of SMART Street Lights
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7Primary Electrical Components required for the setup
Solar Panel(12V,10Watt)
Solar panel refers to a panel designed to absorb the sun's rays as a source of energy for generating electricity or heating.
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8Primary Electrical Components required for the setup
Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) A light dependent resistor works on
the principle of Photo conductivity. Photo conductivity is an optical
phenomenon in which the materials conductivity reduces when light is absorbed by the material.
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9Primary Electrical Components required for the setup
Battery (12V)o An electric battery is a
device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices.
Transformer(230/12 V, 1Amp) o Electrical power transformer
is a static device which transforms electrical energy from one circuit to another without any direct electric connection and with the help of mutual induction
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Other Electrical Components required for the setup
Voltage Regulator
Capacitor
Relay (12V)
N-P-N Transistor May 1, 2023
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DIODE Double Pole Switch LED
Resistor Connector
Other Electrical Components required for the setup
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Implementation of the CircuitCharge Controlling Circuit
Line diagram
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Implementation of the CircuitCharge Controlling Circuit
Fabrication
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Implementation of the CircuitLDR based Circuit
Line diagram
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Implementation of the CircuitLDR based Circuit
Fabrication
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Implementation of the CircuitAlternative power supply
Line diagram
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Implementation of the CircuitAlternative power supply
Fabrication
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Implementation of the CircuitControlling circuit
Line diagram
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Implementation of the CircuitControlling circuit
Fabrication
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Implementation of the CircuitAdjustable Voltage regulating circuit
Line Diagram
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Implementation of the CircuitAdjustable Voltage regulating circuit
Fabrication
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Implementation of the circuitComplete Circuit
Perspective-1
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Implementation of the circuitComplete Circuit
Perspective-2
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Implementation of the SystemComplete System
Final Perspective
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ConclusionThe following conclusions can be drawn after completion of the project: Solar integrated SMART street lighting system is one of the leading
innovations in the 21st century as it is not only eco-friendly but also more energy efficient.
Automatic controlling by LDR and its circuit leads to more energy conservation/lesser energy losses.
As the system is controlled by a controlling circuit including charge controller, 2-pole switch and 3-pole switch, the system is very protective, low maintenance cost and very useful.
As they are automatically controlled using LDR, dimming and brightening are the key points of the SMART street lights.
The governments of different countries should initiate this type of solar integrated projects to further promote a healthy environment for humans as it is pollution free. May 1, 2023
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Future Scope The initial investment in solar LED street light system remains a
major problem. However, the efficiency of the solar cells is increasing, while the price is decreasing. At same time, the efficiency of the LED light is in a rapid increase, but the prices are lower. So following development of the outdoor lighting technique, the solar LED street light system has shown us that it will have promising applications and infinite vitality in future.
We can use AC lamps or lights instead of DC LED’s by using a inverter which is used for converting DC to AC voltage.
We can use dual axis solar tracker for efficient charging of battery from solar energy. It also helps to generate more power from solar means. If we want to increase the load this will be one of the most efficient methods.
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Appendix
Equipments Quantity SpecificationsPOT 2 10KΩNPN Transistor 2 BC547Relay 2 12VResistor 4 1KΩ, 1KΩ, 500 Ω, 500 ΩConnector 2 -
Charge Controlling Circuit
Equipments Quantity
Specifications
Light Dependent Resistor 3 -Resistor 5 50KΩ, 150KΩ, 20 KΩ ,1KΩ,
1KΩRelay 3 12VNPN Transistor 3 BC547LED 3 -Connector 3 -
LDR Based Circuit
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Appendix-2Equipments Quantit
ySpecifications
Transformer 1 1 Amp, Capacitor 2 1000μF, 470μFDiode 4 IN4007Voltage Regulator 1 IC7812
Alternative Power Supply
Controlling CircuitEquipments Quantity SpecificationsNPN Transistor 2 BC547Relay 1 12VDouble Pole 2-Way Switch
2 1Amp, 1Amp
Triple Pole 2-Way Switch 1 1Amp
Resistor 3 10KΩ, 10KΩ, 10KΩ
LED 3 -
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Essentiality of Proteus in the Project
Proteus has helped us in the completion of the project technically in recreating the design of the circuit and simultaneously checking for errors in any kind of wirings and other important factors like voltage drops and led tests. Without Proteus it would’ve been impossible to design the overall circuit as any kind of errors can be pre-checked to be sure for the final design.
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Proteus 8
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Bibliography and References www.telematics-wireless.com www.solarpowernotes.com “Art of Electronics, 3rd Edition, errata”. Horowitz, Paul.
April 7, 2015 The American heritage science dictionary. Houghton
Mifflin Company. 2005 http://www.electrical4u.com/ Robert S. Mroczkowski, Electrical Connector Handbook
Theory and Applications, McGraw Hill Re-considering the economics of photovoltaic power. UN-
Energy (Report) (United Nations).May 1, 2023
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