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Project of all the inventions, people

and transportation of chapter 5

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Steel

Bessemer process-

method could produce

more steel in a day than

the older techniquescould turn out in a

week.

Alexander Holley

adapted and improved

the process.

Because of this process,

American steel

skyrocketed from about

15,000 tons in 1865 tomore than 28 million

tons by 1910.

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OIL

American Indians and settlers had known the

existence of oil for hundreds of years.

Edwin L. Drake used a steam engine to drill oil

near Titusville, Pennsylvania in 1859.

Elijah McCoy made a huge contribution to oil by

inventing a lubricating cup that fed oil to parts of

a machine while it was still running. McCoy wasgiven a patent guaranteeing him that he was

protected with rights, use, or to sell his invention.

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Railroads

A rapid increase railroad lines led to a more

efficient network of rail transportation.

Countries' first transcontinental railroad wascompleted in 1869. It was finished when the

central pacific and union pacific railroads were

joined to create a single rail line from Omaha,

Nebraska to the Pacific Ocean.

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Horseless Carriage

Self-propelled vehicle and forerunner to the

automobile, had originally been developed

about 1770. Innovations in oil refining led

Nikolaus Otto to invent the first internal

combustion engine powered by gasoline in

1876.

By the 1890s, more Americans had begun to

use the carriages in their daily lives.

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Airplanes

Orville and Wilbur Wright of Dayton, Ohio,

Developed one of the first working airplanes.

When they first took off, they made it 12seconds in the air, which is around 120 feet,

traveling in the air.

This was inappropriate to some Americans at

first but turned into one new way of

transportation for citizens.

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Telegraph

Developed by Samuel F. Morse as a means of

communications over wires of electricity. The

telegraph grew strongly in railroads.

Trains would transport signals to each other

for emergencies and locations of citizens.

Americans over time used this invention in

their daily lives to communicate to each other.

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Telephone

Patented by Alexander Graham Bell in March1876

Called The talking telegraph.

Businesses quickly found the telephoneindispensable. By the end of the 1800s, more

than a million telephones had been installed

in American offices and homes. The phone created jobs and ways to get

around places faster.

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Typewriter

Christopher Sholes developed the typewriter in

1867.

His keyboard design, with only a few changes, is

still used today in typewriters and computers.

This invention soon gave rise to the use of typing

pools. Woman made up the majority of workers

in the typing pools. The pools offered many

working-class women the opportunity to moveinto skilled profession for the very for time in

history.