Building Technology 1 (ARC 3514)Design Modification & Documentation

Chew Mee Koon 0301645

CONTENTS1.0 Introduction to the project2.0 Design modifications3.0 Precedent studies

• R o o f s y s t e m• Wa l l s y s t e m• F l o o r

s y s t e m• B a s e m e n t4.0 Working drawings5.0 References

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1.0 Introduction

Name: A community learning cultural centre for the orang asliLocation: Orang Asli Museum,Gombak, Kuala LumpurFunction: A space for learning and meeting for orang asli Occupant: All types of range Concept: Interaction

The programme of this building is to propose a community learning cultural centre for the orang asli. This programmes was chosen because there is a serious issue where the indigenous people only interact with its own community. The intention of this programme is to create a space for learning and meeting for all indigenous people about their culture and history. To make it success, the design concept has based on interaction. Spaces were created in an open form to shows the willingness or even eagerness to communicate with the surroundings. Free flowing linear indoor spaces were fully connected to the outdoor landscape. The same space can assume different functions for different occasions. The building itself is two storey high. The roof itself is using the sustainable timber, while the wall and the floor is made up of concrete. The wall on the first floor is made of concrete with timber cladding.

Proposed design modifications:

Before After1)Sustainable timber flat roof 1) Metal steel canopies2)Concrete wall with timber 2) Curtain wall with cladding steel truss3)Concrete floor 3) Concrete floor with T&G wood flooring finishes4)No basement 4) Added external tanking in mastic asphalt basement

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1.1 Original Design

1)Entrance / Open theatre2)Reception3)Toilet4)Preparation room5)Souvenir shop6)Cafeteria7)Interactive space8)Ampitheatre9)Exhibition area10)Herbs garden11)Office12)Meeting room13)Control room14)Studio15)Storage

Ground Floor PlanScale: 1:200

First Floor PlanScale: 1:200

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1.1 Original Design

South ElevationScale: 1:250

North ElevationScale: 1:250

West ElevationScale: 1:250

East ElevationScale: 1:250

Before modification, the original design of the façade are using the concrete with timber cladding . The roof are flat roof with timber finishes while the floor itself are using the white coloured concrete .The materials chosen for this structure were mostly timber and concrete to blend with the neighbourhood and the surrounding. Timber for this structure were locally harvested timber trees in the forest. White concrete was used because of its high reflectivity and reduce direct thermal heat.

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2.0 Design modifications

Ground floor plan from original design

First floor plan from original design

Ground floor plan after modifications

First floor plan after modifications

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2.0 Design modifications

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3.0 Precedent Studies roo f sys temT h e G i o v a n n i a n d M a r e l l a A r t G a l l e r y

Architect: Renzo Piano

Function : Museum

Completed in :2002

Address: Via Nizza 320

Location: Lingotto, Turin, Italy, Europe

The Giovanni and Marella Agnelli’s Picture Gallery was opened on September 22nd, 2002, as a gift that the art-appreciating couple wanted to give to the city of Turin. There are various rooms that make up the gallery, ones which host temporary exhibitions, a bookshop and a didactic centre for art.

Giovanni and Marella Agnelli’s Picture Gallery is a magnificent example of the industrial architecture. The gallery features seven paintings by Matisse, six beautiful paintings of the Canaletto, two works of art by Picasso as well as incredible works of art from the impressionism period.

The roof is one of the interesting part of the structure. The meatal canopies louvre blades are set typically at 45 degree to the vertical in order to block the passage of direct sunlight but allow the light to be reflected off its surfaces down to the space beneath the canopy. 8

Metal canopies

How it is constructed:This method uses metal panels folded edges, sometimes called cassettes, the joints between panels being sealed with silicone sealant. Panels can be individually folded to different shapes to form a canopy of complex geometry.Sustainability:Silicone seal around 10mm wide between panels which are fixed with brackets back to a supporting structure, This provides a reliable sustainable and reliable seal that maintain its weather tightness in the long term. The supporting structure is made from either mild steel or aluminium sections. Aluminium sections are usually preferred for their durability. Due to its great durability, aluminium can be natural, anodised or cremated depending on individual application.

Advantages:-Weathertight joint / weather barrier-Waterproof membrane-Excellent sun shading

Disadvantages:-Cost increased as a greater difficulty in working if thicker sheet is used-Panels sometimes may not able to be rigid due to their geometry or manufacturing method

Why is this material chosen:Metal canopies were suitable to use in community learning cultural centre for the orang asli because of its excellent sustainability towards weather and water as the location of the building were placed at a place where sunlight always penetrated into the building hence makes the user in it feeling hot. The arrangements of metal louvres are used as canopies to provide solar shading while still allowing daylight to pass through the canopy. Louvre blades are set typically at 45 degree to the vertical in order to block the passage of direct sunlight but allow the light to be reflected off its surfaces down to the space beneath the canopy.

Standard Size:Metal panels , 1200mm x 2400mm

Properties:Good resistance to weather, water resistance easy operation and long lasting,

Supplier:Equinox® Louvered Roof, USA

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3.1 Precedent Studies wa l l sys temD a e g u K y u n g b u k R e g i o n H e a d q u a r t e r

Architect: Wonyang Architectural

Function : Office

Completed in :2007

Address: 1445, Dalseo-gu,

Location: Daegu, Korea

Daegu and Kyungbuk branch office of Korea National Housing Corporation can be summarized with the title ‘’Clearness’’. This meaning has more positive and optical meaning than a similar word ‘’openness’’. The architect considered a view from the lower residential areas and defined the spacious connection from the green park which encouraged people to interact with others to the convenience facilities on the lower parts as ‘’clearness’’.

Almost 80% of the façade were made up of curtain wall. The architect used curtain wall to create and interactional space of communication with the neighbourhood. Through this ‘’clearness’’ they intends to clear all the barriers which block between human (citizen) and human(employers), nature and human and the city and the buildings.

The exterior finishing were the T24 color low-espaired glass, T1752 laminated glass, steel aluminium sheet and high density wood panel.

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Curtain Wall with Steel Truss

How it is constructed:Curtain walls can be classified by their method of fabrication and installation into the following general categories: stick systems and unitized .In the stick system, the curtain wall frame (mullions) and glass or opaque panels are installed and connected together piece by piece. In the unitized system, the curtain wall is composed of large units that are assembled and glazed in the factory, shipped to the site and erected on the building. Vertical and horizontal mullions of the modules mate together with the adjoining modules. Modules are generally constructed one story tall and one module wide but may incorporate multiple modules.Sustainability:As the curtain wall is non-structural it can be made of a lightweight material. The additional use of glass within curtain walls brings the added advantage that it allows natural light to penetrate deeper into buildings and improves ventilation. A curtain wall is designed to resist air and water infiltration, sway induced by wind and seismic forces acting on the building and its own dead load weight forces.

Advantages:-Receive extreme of natural lights-Lightweight material-Carry only its own dead load weight

Disadvantages:-Regular maintenance-High cost-Required great time for installation

Why is this material chosen:It is suitable for the cultural centre because it can help in interaction purposes and it is a lightweight material which helps to reduce construction costs. Curtain wall helps in thermal expansion, building sway and movement lighting in the building and thermal efficiency for cost effective heating as well as cooling.

Standard Size:5 to 6ft wide

Properties:Elegance look, long lasting, and resistance to air and moisture from entering the building,

Supplier:Fujisash (M) Sdn Bhd, Malaysia

Method of Construction:

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3.2 Precedent Studies floo r sys temI n s t i t u t e o f C o n t e m p o r a r y A r t B o s o n

Architect: Diller Scorfidio & Rentro

Function : Museum & Exhibition

Completed in :2006

Address: 100 Northern Avenue, Boston

Location: Boston,Massachusetts,USA

The new ICA is the first new to be built in Boston in 100 years. The 65,000 square foot building includes 18,000 square feet of galleries, a performing arts theatre, a restaurant, a bookstore, workshop and administrative office.

The 300 seat multi-purpose theatre is fully glazed on its north and west faces, allowing the harbour view to become the backdrop for the stage. The mediatheque is suspended from the underside of the cantilevered ‘gallery box’ and accessed from the gallery lobby.

The floor materials used to construct the 200 seat multi-purpose theatre was the concrete. The concrete were covered with the ‘’stud-I-floor’’plywood substrate ‘’Bio-channels’’ by robbins flooring to make sure the surface was even before placing the timber finishes.

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Concrete floor with T&G Wood Finishes

How it is constructed:During the initial construction process footers are dug, then you’re the subfloor is poured with concrete. After it is done, lay sheets of ply wod were cut into 400x400mm squares and fix to acoustic layer with adhesive. 2-3mm expansion spaces between 400x400mm board were leaved. Lastly, t&g timber flooring were installed over plywood using the double fixing system adhesive & nailing with 40-45mm staples using a pneumatic flooring stapler/hit up gun.Sustainability:Tongue and groove flooring allows the planks to fit closely together, creating a smooth finish and more secure seams. Solid wood tongue and groove flooring can have a very long life span; it can be sanded down and refinished. This isn't true for engineered wood, as the hardwood veneer is too thin to allow for subsequent sandings.

Advantages:-Attractive and durable-Easily maintain and install

Disadvantages:-Could not handle moisture well-Plywood may be required, which means that the floor height will increase by approximately 20-26mm.

Why is this material chosen:It is easily installed. No special tools are required to install this product . This flooring system is a 100% natural product that responds to air humidity variations. Besides that, solid wood floors are very durable. Solid wood have the look and feel of real wood which makes the whole space looks eco-friendly.

Standard Size:T&G Widths - 57mm to 500mmT&G Lengths -Up to 5M

Supplier:Maha Asia Parquet &Tiling Sdn Bhd, Malaysia

Method of Construction:

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3.3 Precedent Studies basementW y c o m b e S w a n t h e a t r e

Architect: Buckinghamshire County Architects

Function : Theatre

Completed in :1992

Address: HP11 2XE, United Kingdom

Location: St Mary St, HighWycombe ,Buckinghamshire

Wycombe Swan is an HQ theatre in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, England. The theatre was opened in November 1992 by Wycombe District Council and has been acquired by HQ Theatre since. It presents a varied programme including a pantomime every Christmas. At the Swan itself there were 280 performances from August 2010 – July 2011.

The basement carpark of this theatre is using the external tanking in mastic asphalt. The combination of dark grey for the parking bays and mid grey for the running aisles had been used successfully on a previous project for High Wycombe district council, and was selected because of the advantages of darker colour tones needing minimal cleaning operations, while still offering an obvious contrast to assist with providing a user-friendly parking facility. Disabled bays were highlighted in blue, while restricted time parking bays were coated in a different shade of grey to set them apart. 14

Basement in mastic asphalt

How it is constructed:During the construction period, the asphalt tanking must be protected from against damage from impact. Horizontal asphalt tanking coats will be covered with fine concrete screed at least 50 mm thick as soon as practicable after laying. While the vertical asphalt tanking coats will be filled with a mortar grout as the work proceeds to ensure perfect interface contact.Sustainability:Mastic asphalt as a waterproof membrane is a very durable materials. It is a bituminous materials that have been used in the construction of buildings for over 5000 years and have remained intact to this day as show by excavations in Babylonia. It is a very sustainable materials due to its impervious to both water and water vapour.

Advantages:-Impervious to both water and water vapour-Durable -Thermoplastic material -Non toxic and rot proof

Disadvantages:-High material cost-Great time taken to produce-Low friction levels

Why is this material chosen:It is a thermoplastic material and can therefore be heated and reheated if necessary to make it pliable for moulding with a hand float to any desired shape or contour. Besides that, it is unaffected by sulphates in the soil, which if placed externally will greatly improve the durability of a concrete structure.

Supplier:Premier Mastic Asphalt, United Kingdom

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References• Watts, A. (2005). Modern construction roofs: MCR. Wien: Springer Wien New

York.

• Chudley, R. (1974). Construction technology. London: Longman

• Broto, C. (2009). Roofs : selection and details. Barcelona: Links

• MasticAsphalt. (n.d.). MasticAsphalt. Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://www.scieroofing.com/masticasphalt.htm

• McRae, S. (2008, October 28). About Tongue & Groove Wooden Flooring. eHow. Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://www.ehow.com/about_4568791_tongue-groove-wooden-flooring.html

• Curtain wall. (n.d.). Curtain wall. Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://www.slideshare.net/neni009/curtain-wall-26074405

• Aluminium Curtain Walls. (n.d.). The Green Book Directory. Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://www.thegreenbook.com/aluminium-curtain-walls.htm

• Giovanni and Marella Agnelli Picture Gallery, Turin. (n.d.). Giovanni and Marella Agnelli Picture Gallery. Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http://www.tripadvisor.com.my/Attraction_Review-g187855-d663267-Reviews-Giovanni_and_Marella_Agnelli_Picture_Gallery-Turin_Province_of_Turin_Piedmont.htm

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