Honors American HistoryHonors American History

Chapter 8Chapter 8

Honors American HistoryHonors American History

Chapter 8Chapter 8

Wake Up America!

Roots of Progressivism

• Reaction to:• Social Problems of

Industrial Age• Laissez-Faire Policies

and Attitudes

• Who were the Progressives?

• What was their solution?

Motivating the Progressives

• A Belief System The Social Gospel

• A Community Institution The Settlement House

• A Social “Saint” Jane Addams

Who helped to energize their cause?

• What were the muckrakers? Who were the most famous?

What did the muckrakers hope to gain?

Mulberry Street Bend, 1889

Mulberry Street Bend, 1889

5-Cent Lodgings5-Cent Lodgings

Men’s LodgingsMen’s Lodgings

Women’s LodgingsWomen’s Lodgings

Immigrant Family Lodgings

Immigrant Family Lodgings

Dumbbell Tenement PlanDumbbell Tenement Plan

Tenement House Act of 1879, NYCTenement House Act of 1879, NYC

”Bandits’ Roost””Bandits’ Roost”

Mullen’s Alley ”Gang”Mullen’s Alley ”Gang”

The Street Was Their Playground

The Street Was Their Playground

Lower East Side Immigrant Family

Lower East Side Immigrant Family

Another Struggling Immigrant Family

Another Struggling Immigrant Family

Jacob Jacob Riis: Riis:

How the How the

Other Half Other Half LivedLived(1890)(1890)

Muckrakers

• Why was Jacob Riis important to the reform movement?

• What were the major social problems facing the urban poor?

Ida Tarbell

Lincoln Steffens

What impact did this book have on the United States?

What film in 2004 depicted the effects of a fast-food only diet on the human body?

Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906)

Muckraking the Chicago meat-packing industry.

Results of The Jungle

• 1906 – Meat Inspection Act

• 1906 – Food and Drug Administration formed

* Progressivism was a reaction to laissez-faire capitalism.*

Reforming Society

• Housing Reforms1. Lillian Wald-2. Tenement Act of 1901-3. Impact???

•Fighting for Civil Rights

1. NAACP-

2. ADL-

Settlement HousesSettlement Houses• What was their purpose?

• What was the Hull House? Who founded it?

• Who started the settlement house in NY? In Richmond?

• How did the social gospel idea influence the rise of settlement houses?

Hull House

Urban ReformsUrban Reforms

Problem Reform

Poor Living Conditions

New York State Tenement House Act of 1901

Expensive Utilities Government Regulation

Rampant Disease Garbage Collection, Sewer Systems

Child LaborChild Labor

Child LaborChild Labor

Child LaborChild Labor

Triangle Shirtwaist FactoryAsch Building, 8th and 10th Floors

Triangle Shirtwaist FactoryAsch Building, 8th and 10th Floors

Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

Inside the Building After the FireInside the Building After the Fire

Crumpled Fire Escape, 26 DiedCrumpled Fire Escape, 26 Died

Dead Bodies on the SidewalkDead Bodies on the Sidewalk

Rose Schneiderman

The LastSurvivor

Rose Schneiderman

The LastSurvivorQuote in text.

Scene at the MorgueScene at the Morgue

Labor Unions March as MournersLabor Unions March as Mourners

Out of the AshesOut of the Ashes ILGWU membership surged.

NYC created a Bureau of FirePrevention.

New strict building codes werepassed.

Tougher fire inspection ofsweatshops.(NY passes toughest fire-safety laws in the nation.)

Growing momentum of support for women’s suffrage.

Workplace ReformsWorkplace ReformsProblem Reform

Children are abused in factory labor

Florence Kelley National Child Labor Committee

Cycle of Poverty Public Education (High Schools)

Long Working Hours for Low Pay

10-Hour Workday and Minimum Wage Law

Industrial Accidents Workers’ Compensation Laws

Reforming Government• City Government Reforms

1. Reform Mayors-2. commission form of government-3. council manager-

• State Government Reforms1. Robert La Follette-2. Charles Evans Hughes-

• Election Reforms –What are they?1.2.3.4.5.6.

Government Reforms

InitiativeReferendum

Recall

17th Amendment

Government ReformsGovernment ReformsReform Description

Secret Ballot People vote privately, without fear of coercion

Direct Primary People choose candidates

Initiative Citizens can propose law

Referendum Citizens can reject laws

Recall Citizens can remove public officials

17th Amendment Direct election of Senators

WomenWomenMake ProgressMake Progress

8.28.2

• Colleges• Leaders in social reform• Had little rights

Reforming The Workplace

• Florence Kelley –

• Minimum Wage-

• Courts and Labor Laws1. Lochner v. NY2. Muller v. Oregon3. Bunting v. Oregon

18th Amendment

Susan B. AnthonySusan B. Anthony

Women Gain the VoteWomen Gain the Vote

• NAWSA– What approach to suffrage?

– How did the goals of the NWP differ from the NAWSA?

– How did Carrie Chapman Catt change the NAWSA?

– What was the result of the movement?