Progress of HIRFL-CSR (Institute of Modern Physics, CAS)

•Introduction

•CSR Progress

•Experiment at CSR2004.8

HIRFL Layout

• ECR Ion Source

• SFC K=69(72)--10AMev

• SSC K=450 –100AMev

•CSRm Quasi-synchrotron

• CSRe: Accel. & Deccel. And High Sensitive ( measure 1 atom of 238U) & Accuracy (~10-6) Spectrometer

12.1 Tm

1100AMev 12C500AMev U72+

9.4 Tm

500AMev U92+

10AMev

100AMev

Electroweak force

Electromagnetic forceQED

Weak forceStandardmodell

Strong forceQCD

Gravitation forcegeneral relaticivity

Galaxy1021 m

Matter10-1 m

Crystal10-9 m

Atom10-10 m

Atomnucleus10-14 m

ElectronNucleon10-15 m

<10-18 mQuark

DNA10-8 m

Research with ion beam:

• Material research

• Health research

• Dense plasma

• Atomic process

• Nucleus structure

• Hadron structure

• Hgh temperature high density nuclear matter

Structure of Matter

RF : 14.5, 18 GHz, 800-1000 WExtract: φ8mm, 20-25kVSlit: 10-15 mmFaraday-cup: -150 V

Ar11+ 240 eμA , Ar14+ 30 eμA

129Xe20+ 160 eμA , Xe26+ 95 eμA, Xe30+ 7 eμA

Ni12+ 75 eμA , Ni13+ 57 eμA, Ni15+ 31 eμA

Fe11+ 210 eμA , Fe12+ 175 eμA, Fe13+ 141 eμA, Fe16+ 25 eμA

LECR3

Ar8+1mＡ, Ar11+ 325 eμA at 18GHz

SFC & SSC

KSFC = 7０

KSSC = 450~1011pps(Kr——Xe)~1010pps(>Xe)

(Z<30，Ｅ～5MeV/A)I：~3 ×1013pps (C—Ne)

>5×1012pps(Mg—Ar)>1×1012pps(Ca—

*Zn,*Ge,*Kr)

Rebuncherbetween SFC

and SSC

Unique Features of SECRAL

Axial solenoid coils are located inside of Sextupole Decrease interaction force The Ion source more compact

Reduce the stored energy Reduce stray field

Cold iron structure as field booster and clamp

Sextupole with curved saddle-shaped coils

More convenient for clamp of the coils

Three solenoid coils are energized by same direction current

64Ni17+ 50µA86Kr25+ 50µA132Xe30+ 50µA

Main Physics Goals at CSRRadioactive Ion Beam PhysicsNuclear Reactions in Energy <1.1 GeV/uHI & <2.8GeV ProtonHigh Charge State of Atomic Physics High Energy Density (high T & D Plasma) Applications

o Astrophysics (Key Point)o *Irradiative Biology (Cancer Therapy)

CSR Main Performances

<10-5<10-4∆P/P

≤ 1 π mm-mrad≤ 5 π mm-mrad Emmitance

±0.25~0.5%±0.15%δP/P (entrance)

2000(P)620 760 (12C6+)400 500 (238U>90+)

2350 2800 (P)900 1100 (12C6+)420 520 (238U72+)

Energy (MeV/u)(Bmax=1.4 1.6 T)

P,C-U, RIB,HCI,Molecular & Cluster

P,C-UIon SpeciesCSReCSRm

Time Schedule & BudgetTime Schedule:

•2000.4—2001.7 Building Construction

•——2001.7 Key Samples

•2001.4—2004.10 Fabrication

•2002.6—2004.12 Assembling, Testing

•2003.9—2004.12 CSRm Install &Commission

•2004.1—2005.4 CSRe Install &Commission

Budget: 293.5 Million Yuan + 50 Million Yuan

CSR Progress

Good100%99%AlignmentGood100%99%Internal Target

Good96%86%Control

Good96%88%Diagnostic

Weak, Speed Up85%72%Inject & Extract

Good99%86%RF

Better100%99%E-Cooler

Good, Uncertainly99%90%UHV

Good98%89%Power Supplier

Good99%90%Magnet

Status Progress (Contracts)

Progress (Money pay)

Sub-System

1, Magnet

-100 -50 0 50 100

-0.004

-0.003

-0.002

-0.001

0.000

0.001

∆BL

/B0L

x/mm

B0=1.46235T calculated

B0=1.44740T measured

2, Power Supplier

Total Net Power: >12MW

3.2×10-5Cycle-to-cycle repetition

7×10-5Repetition8.4×10-8900HZ6.8×10-7600HZ5.6×10-7300HZ1.9×10-6100HZCurrent ripple

（570A）

3.5×10-52000A9.8×10-62570ALong-term

stability

Test result

Parameter

3,Vaccum(~300m2)

4, Electron Cooler at CSRm

200 300 400 500-2x10-3

-1x10-3

0

1x10-3

2x10-3

Horizontal angle magnet field at cooling section after assembling after alliments of coils

angl

e (ra

d)

s (cm)

200 300 400 500

-3x10-3

-2x10-3

-1x10-3

0

1x10-3

2x10-3

3x10-3

Vertical angle at cooling section after assembling after alliments of coils

angl

e (r

ad)

s (cm)

5, RF System

2×10.01×20.01×7.0HVrf(n×kv)

0.5/2.06.0/14.00.24/1.71fmin/fmax (MHz)116,32,641Harmonic

Accel. & CaptureRF StackAccel.CSReCSRm

CSRm Alignment

Accuracy: 0.1~0.3 mm

CSR Inject Line

CSRmInstallation

CSRm Extract

CSRm Inject

CSRe Key Setup

300 KV E_Cooler Gas Jet TargetN2 2×1013/cm2

Ne ~2×1013/cm2

Ar 7×1013/cm2

Dipole (~34T)

Commission• Inject Beam from SSC-CSR

was Installed and Beam commission to entry of CSRm

• CSRm has Installed about end of Feb. 2004 and Beam Commission: 2004.7 ~2004.12

• RIBLL-II is Installed before Oct. 2004 and Beam Commission: 2004.12~2005.2

• CSRe is Installed before end of 2004 and Beam Commission: 2005.2~2005.4

• First test experiment 2005 ~

Experiment at CSR

Building 2#Bu

ildin

g 6#

CSRm

CSRe

SFC

SSC

SFC: several to 10 AMeV

SSC: tens to 100 AMeV

CSRm: 1.1 AGeV(12C6+), 2.8 GeV(p)

CSRe: 0.76 AGeV (12C6+)

North

CSRm Internal Target

External Target

High Energy Density

Cancel Therapy

CSRe Internal Target

Detectors at CSR• CSRe Detector (high accuracy HI, RIB, Atom…)

– e, x, γ, HI,Laser…– Internal target (Cluster Jet),

• RIB Detector– Charged Particles, neutron, γ– External Target,

• CSRm Detector– Mini-4π detector (wasa)– Internal (pellet, polarization) or solid foil target,

• High Energy Density Matter• Irradiate Experiment (Cancer Therapy)

HIRFL-CSR Operation Feature

• Multi-Exp.（>90%HIRFL+<0.1%CSRm、<0.01%CSRe)

• Energy range (5MeV/u~1100MeV/u)• Many beam species (Ion、RIB、HCI）• Multi-field（nuclear、atom，irradiation、biology）• Operation modes：

– CSRm + external target– CSRm+RIBLL-II + external target– CSRm+CSRe + internal target (high accuracy)– CSRm+RIBLL-II+CSRe + internal target (high accuracy)– CSRm+CSRe+E_Cooler + laser (high accuracy)– …

Experiment in CSRe• Reaction measurement

– Internal solid target + (300keV) e-cooler (E<547MeV/u, A<40 balance ?)

– γ measured by Campton telescope – Particle, neutron, measured in downstream

• Nuclear Shape measurement– RFQ internal target (RIB possible) ?– Measurement >800 MeV Proton scattering as

Fraunhofer diffraction – Charged particle Radius measured by using

laser spectroscopy

CSReDetector

Large acceptance dipole

Neutron wall

γ detectors

Tracking detectors

ToF wall

Start detector

RIB Detector (External Target)

Neutron Wall (δE/E~ 5% for 1 GeV neutrons)

2/122 ])/()/)[(1(/ ttllTT nn δδγγδ ++=

1120

1440

1440

Neutron

lightguide

Scintillator:10 mm for each layer

Iron4 mm for each layer

1440

PMT PMT

70

Peddle

Width: 80Thickness: 70Length: 1440

Efficiency Curve

• Preliminary physics program at CSRm

– Rare decay modes of mesonsSuch as η, ω, η’ , K+ ,K− ,φ, ρ

– Studies on N*Such as N*(1440), N*(1535), N*(1650)

– Search for multi-quark statesSuch as

double ω,d*(2165-2186) → pn or ppπ− di-baryon statesp+d→Λ+(Θ+=Ko+p) or Λ+(Θ+=K++n) pentaquark

– polarization (close to threshold)

CSRm Internal Experiment• Setup

– Pellet Target

– Forward detector (4°~18°)

– Central detector (20°~160°)

C Solid foil TargetL~ 6*1010*1017*1.8*106—1034

Pellet Target (p, d)Pellet frequency (max):

70 kHz

Pellet diameter:<40 µm

Effective target thickness:1015 ~ 1016 atoms/cm2

Proton beam life time(@3×1015 atoms/cm2):at 550/1360 MeV 5/10 min

Luminosity (@ 3×1015

atoms/cm2, 1×1010 p stored):1032 cm−2s−1

Employed by WASA @ CELSIUS

TLS Lab., Uppusala, Sweden

Most Advanced internal target

SFC

TR5TR3

TR4

TR1

TL2TL1

SSC

PDC

T1

RIBLL1

IS cluster

PT

TR3

TR2

RFQ-Linac

ISOL-PT

20 m

e-Linac

HIRFL Future Development

•RIB Production by50MeV e(+C γ)+ 238U

•Linac: 10 Mev/u

•RFQ internal target

•LIS + HV +BoosterFeature: RIB+RIB

Wide E @ T1/2 range high beam qualityfavor beam intensity

•Cancer Therapy Setup

Cancer Therapy

Thank You !

Forward Detector (4°~ 18°)

Detectors:• Tracking detector:

totally 1600 fibers (φ2×400), angular resolution: 0.2 deg.

• Timing & trigger detector:2 layers of BC408 sheets &10 sheets/layer, sheet size: 5 ×40 ×400, σt~300 ps

• Hadron calorimeter:sampling type. (1mm Fe + 4 mm BC408)×70; 8 layers & 25 paddles/layer. Paddle size: 50 (T) × 40 (W) × 1000 (L), δE/E~7% (E=370 MeV protons)

• Cherenkov detector:threshold type, for detecting high energy charged particles

Particle identification methods:• Lower energy charged particles ⇒ ∆E-E (Eproton < 370 MeV)

• Higher energy charged particles ⇒ Cherenkov light

Central Detector (20°~ 160°)

Detectors:• Tracking detector

TPC: inner φ 82 mm, outer φ 406 mm, length of 400 mm, σx,y< 1.0 mm, δE/E~6%

• Scintillator barrel:φ460; 146 plastic scintillator bars with size of 8 × 10 × 410, σt<500 ps

• Electromagnetic calorimeter~1200 CsI(Tl) crystals, length of 20~30 cm, each crystal covers the angles of both ∆θ and ∆φ around 7°, δE/E< 3% (1 GeV photons).

• Superconducting Solenoid inner diameter ~1300 mm; axial magnetic field at the center 1.37 T.

Particle identification methods:• Charged particles ⇒ dE/dx vs Bρ up to p~400-500 MeV/c• π0 and Photon ⇒ EMC

Identification Z by RIS ?

1st and 2nd Ionization Potential

Possible Excitation & Ionization RIS

Energy

Lifetime ?

Energy

Lifetime ?

Key Point of Identify Z by RIS

• Strong Laser with 1015-17/p for excitation cross section about 10-15--17/cm2

• Maintain SHE in a small location RFQ• Precise excitation level QED Calc.• Half-lives of excitation state • 1st or/both 2nd ionization • Laser photo energy > 6eV ?

Pulsed Ti:Sa Laser System (Tunnable pulse width >50ps & >10ps between each pulse)

Ti : Sa400mJ/800nm, 30Hz

pump, 100mJ/532nm30Hz，

Amplifier30Hz，2mJ

Expend50～500ps/1nJ

Fs Laser oscillation 30fs/400mW/800nm

~140mJ/200nm

pump，5W@532nmVerdi或Millennia

Parameter Amplifier（～10mJ）

200nm→230~450nm

Freq. Double。BBO800→400nm(400mJ)

pump，1500mJ/532nm10Hz，

pump 1500mJ/532nm10Hz，

分光

分光2dn Freq Double。BBO400→200nm(200mJ)

~100mJ/400nm

~40mJ/200nm~20mJ/200nm

Parameter Amplifier（～20mJ）

200nm→230~450nm

Delay I

Delay II 分光

Pulsed Laser Assemble

10 m

Q01Q02

D0Q1

Q2

D1 Q3Q4 Q5 Q6

D2

Q7Q8

Q9Q10

Q11Q12Q13 Q14 D4

Q15Q16

C2

T2

C1

T0

2B04D3

T1

9876543210

RIBLL Upgrade for SHE

停主束xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

+HV

-HV

Main ParametersRIBLL SHIP

∆Ω >7msr ~1.7msr

∆P/P ~10% ~10%

Bρmax ~4.2Tm ~1.2Tm

A/ ∆A ~300 ~300

6, Inject & Extract

4 Sets

4 Sets

4 Sets

7, Control:(> 96% Digit)(Home Make >75%)

• Web + Internet + DB• CPCI(PXI), Fast Ethernet,

RS485, …• Multifunction, Arbitrary

wave generator (Processor Embed)

Horizantal/vertical Slits

Faraday-Cup

Double Single Wire

45° Viewing Screen

8, Diagnostic