professor jason weeks, dr f rancis murray, professor david little
DESCRIPTION
Development of the EAFI (Ethical Aquaculture Food Index); a Sustainability Decision Support Tool for SE Asia. Professor Jason Weeks, Dr F rancis Murray, Professor David Little. SEAT Project. EC funded project 2009 - 2013 Focus on Asian aquaculture species exported to Europe - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Development of the EAFI (Ethical Aquaculture Food Index); a Sustainability Decision Support Tool for SE Asia
Professor Jason Weeks, Dr Francis Murray,Professor David Little
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Asia
Kasetsart University
Shanghai Ocean University
Can Tho University
Bangladesh Agricultural University
WorldFish
Europe
University of Stirling
Wageningen University
Leiden University
Bergen University
University of Copenhagen
Danish Institute of International Studies
CEFAS /
Food & Agricultural Organisation
SEAT Project• EC funded project 2009 - 2013• Focus on Asian aquaculture species exported to Europe
• Creating evidence base that support sustainability standards and policy• Develop the EAFI as a tool for decision makers
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Tilapia Pangasius Shrimp Prawn
Thailand √ √
China √ √
Vietnam √ √
Bangladesh √ √
Project Scope• 4 species from 4 countries• Particular focus on the main export species from each country• Whole value chain approach, looking beyond the farm
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Project StructureNo. Work Package Name
1 Project management
2 Scoping and systems overview
3 Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)
4 Environmental models
5 Social and economic dynamics
6 Food safety and public health
7 Contamination issues
8 Key values in a broader ethical framework
9 Enhancing food values through action research
10 Transparency & utility of trade information
11 Policy development and implementation
12 Dissemination
Feeding directly into the EAFI
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What is the EAFI
EthicalAquaculture
FoodIndex
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Selected EAFI Case Studies
• Pangasius Vietnam• Shrimp Thailand• Shrimp China• Shrimp and Prawn Bangladesh
• SEAT’s 4 countries and 4 species present 48 different scenarios.• SEAT project will present 4 specific case studies in detail
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• Evidence based decision support tool primarily for international seafood buyers and certifiers
• Incorporates environmental, economic, social and ethical data
• Assesses and scores the sustainability of an aquaculture commodity, beyond the farm level
• Specific to the 4 SEAT countries
What is the EAFI
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• SEAT work packages generated data and identified species and country specific indicators
• Indicators developed into a tiered, hierarchical, iterative framework
• Simple tool, becoming more complex only where necessary
• Utilises a weight of evidence approach to make decisions
What is the EAFI
Key Features of the EAFI as a tiered iterative hierarchical framework
Tier 0 – simple assessment of the national value chain
landscape
Tier One – qualitative assessment of landscape by
questions
Tier Two More questions leading to
semi-quantitative decisions
Tier 3More questions leading to
more quantitative decisions
Valu
e ch
ain
land
scap
e
EAFI ?
Decision m
aking
EAFI ?
EAFI ?
EAFI ?
Decision point at each tier
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How do I use the EAFI?• Step through from Tier 0• Decision point at each tier. You can exit at any
tier if available information is specific and you can satisfy the indicator/ answer the question
• If moving to more quantitative and specific tiers then EAFI facilitates improvements in knowledge and techniques
The value chain landscape (Tier 0) - product
Nutrients out?
Chemicals in?
Nutrients in?
Chemicals out?
Product quality?
Feed in? Welfare?
Community?
Ethics?
Disease?
Processing?
Value Chain Landscapes – Tier 0
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Types of questions• All questions within the framework have a graduated
range of answers or indicator of sustainability.• Significant use of the actual project data collected and
used via an interrogational approach• Links to all models ERA Aqua, nutrient, GIS, LCA etc.
within the framework; toolbox approach• Development of bias and weighting towards ethics and
sustainability• Mixture of detailed and yes/ no questions dependent on
tier – different questions with greater complexity of answers at higher tiers.
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How is the EAFI weighted?• Currently under development (expect finished
product - November 2013)• Biased towards ethical/ sustainable values of
producers and European consumers• Undergoing Delphi process as we speak –
three iterations of testing with end users
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“The maths bit”• Normalisation• Aggregation• Monte Carlo simulation• Bootstrapping• Weighting
0 50 100 150
sharon
traceylevel 0
level 1
level 2
level 3
level 4
level 5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
sharon tracey
level 0
level 1
level 2
level 3
level 4
level 5
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What the output may look like
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Global warming
acidification
eutrophication
Fossil resource depletion 0.00
1.00
2.00
b: Mean - SDFarm A
LCA incorporation into the EAFITier EAFI-LCA description Type of
analysis0 Landscape of value chain No1 Strict and clear criteria per species, per country and per
farm-type, like “no feed from …”; “no on-site (diesel based) electricity production”; etc.
Qualitative criteria
2 Screening: Farm or farming from existing SEAT LCA work for 4 indicators: global warming, acidification, eutrophication and fossil resource depletion (maybe to combine with screening LCA excel results for feed inputs to farms)
Quantitative LCA
3 Detailed: New LCA for a new farm – not in current SEAT LCA database – or for an “improved” farm from the existing LCA database for 4 indicators: global warming, acidification, eutrophication and fossil resource depletion
Quantitative LCA
b: Mean - SD
Farm A Farm B
Farm C Farm D Farm E Farm F Farm G Farm H Farm I Sd Mean
Global warming
0.19 1.5 0.1 1 2 4 3.5 0.5 0.2 5 1.79 1.98
acidification 0.80 2 1 0.4 5 7 3 0.5 6 7 2.75 3.54
eutrophication
0.72 0.5 1.5 1 3 4 2 1 1.5 1.8 1.09 1.81
Fossil fuel depletion
0.41 0.67 0.33 1.25 0.5 1.5 0.4 1.4 0.6 1.3 0.47 0.88
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Feedback to date• A range of aquaculture standards setters/ certifiers
have been consulted and been positive about the EAFI potential and the (risk) framework approach
• Buyers also tested; main comment is to keep it as simple as possible
• All have liked very much the inclusion of ethics and the whole value chain approach into the EAFI process
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Summary• Independent iterative process that is evidence based and
focussed on ethics and sustainability• Easy to use by non experts• Not an accreditation scheme but a first consideration
Next steps.....• Now encouraging feedback on how you would use the EAFI• Development of EAFI is moving toward worked case studies,
weighting, and refined presentation of robust database.