professionalism in medical education
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PROFESSIONALISM IN MEDICAL EDUCATION. OBJECTIVES. Define Professionalism. Identify some professional & unprofessional behaviors. Recognize as an important part of the curriculum. What is Professionalism?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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PROFESSIONALISM
IN MEDICAL EDUCATION
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OBJECTIVES●Define Professionalism.● Identify some professional &
unprofessional behaviors.●Recognize as an important part of the
curriculum.
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What is Professionalism?
• It is not easy to define a profession, but it is likely to have all or Some of the following characteristics:– It is a vocation that implies service to
others.– It has a distinctive knowledge base which is
kept up to date.– It determines its own standards.– It has a special relationship with those
whom it serves e.g. patients.– It has particular ethical principles
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WHAT MEDICAL COLLEGES WANT?•Proficiency•Communication skills •Interpersonal skills•Confidence•Critical thinking & problem solving skills•Flexibility•Self motivation•Leadership•Teamwork
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Professionalism
is a term which embodies numerous qualities of physicians as public servants.
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It has been described by The American Board of Internal Medicine as:
“Constituting those attitudes and behaviors that serve to maintain others interest above physician Self-interest”
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'Project Professionalism' (ABIM, 2001)Identified six key elements of professionalism:
1- Altruism2- Accountability3- Excellence4- Duty5- Honor and integrity6- Respect for other
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Main Characteristics of professional conduct (by the American Board of Internal Medicine)
ALTRUISM is the essence of professionalism. The best interest of the patients, not self-interest, is the rule.
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ACCOUNTABILITY is required at many levels: individual patients, society and the profession.
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EXCELLENCE entails a conscientious effort to exceed normal expectations and make a commitment to life-long learning
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DUTY is the free acceptance of a commitment to service.
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HONOUR AND INTEGRITY are the consistent regard for the highest standards of behaviour and refusal to violate one’s personal and professional codes.
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RESPECT FOR OTHERS, like patients and their families, other physician and professional colleagues such as nurses, medical students, residents, subspecialty fellows.
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'Project Professionalism' (ABIM, 2001)Identified six key elements of professionalism:
1- Altruism2- Accountability3- Excellence4- Duty5- Honor and integrity6- Respect for other
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The concept of professionalism includes the following values:
HonestyHonestyTrustTrustServiceServiceCommitmentCommitmentCommunicationCommunicationAccountabilityAccountabilityLife-long Life-long learninglearning
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BeingUn-
professional ??
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Signs and Symptoms•ABIM, (2001) describes unprofessional behaviour in terms of seven broad categories of 'signs and symptoms'.
1- Abuse of power2- Arrogance3- Greed4- Misrepresentation5- Impairment6-Lack of conscientiousness 7- Conflicts in interests
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Signs and Symptoms
1- Abuse of power (abuse while interacting with patients and colleagues; sexual harassment; breach of confidentiality);
2- Arrogance (offensive display of superiority and self-importance);
3- Greed (when money becomes the driving force);
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Signs and Symptoms
4- Misrepresentation (lying, which is consciously failing to tell the truth; and fraud, which is conscious misrepresentation of material fact with the intent to mislead);
5- Impairment (any disability that may prevent the physician from discharging his/her duties);
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Signs and Symptoms
6- Lack of conscientiousness (failure to fulfill responsibilities);
7- Conflicts in interests (unethical collaboration with industry;
acceptance of gifts; and misuse of services – overcharging, inappropriate treatment).
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Signs and Symptoms•ABIM, (2001) describes unprofessional behaviour in terms of seven broad categories of 'signs and symptoms'.
1- Abuse of power2- Arrogance3- Greed4- Misrepresentation5- Impairment6-Lack of conscientiousness 7- Conflicts in interests
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Defining Un-professional Behaviors What specific behaviors are unprofessional in: ▫classroom and ▫clinical settings?
•For ▫teachers & ▫students
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Examples of Unprofessional BehaviorsClassroom Setting-Students•Arriving for class late and/or leaving
early• Being unprepared for group sessions• Not completing assigned tasks• Disrupting class sessions• Failing to attend scheduled class
sessions• Cheating on an exam• Cheating attendance
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Examples of Unprofessional Behaviors
Classroom Setting-Students
• Using Mobile Phone during class• Chatting during class• Focusing on the test vs. learning• Prejudging content in advance.• Intolerance of the opinions of others• Entitlement and inappropriate
demands
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Examples of Unprofessional BehaviorsClassroom Setting-Faculty• Judgmental attitude• Coming late• Not giving breaks• Sloppy handouts and syllabi• Abusive behavior• Using Mobile Phone during class
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Examples of Unprofessional Behaviors:
Clinical Setting-Students• Coming late to schedule clinics• Dressing inappropriately• Avoiding work and/or responsibilities• Exhibiting little empathy for patients• Demonstrating lack of sensitivity to
patients’ cultural backgrounds• Not protecting patient confidentiality
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Examples of Unprofessional Behaviors:Clinical Setting: Faculty
• Coming late to schedule clinics• Failing to attend scheduled sessions• Showing favoritism • Using inappropriate language or
behavior• Using “isms-”-sexism, ageism, racism• Asking learners to perform personal
tasks, for example, picking up laundry
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How professionalism can be implemented?
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Professionalism• Role of the doctor
within the health service– Understanding of the
health care system– Understanding of
clinical responsibilities
– Appreciation of doctor as researcher
– Appreciation of doctor as mentor or teacher
– Appreciation of doctor as manager including quality control
– Team working
• Personal Development– Lifelong Learner– Self awareness– Self confidence– Self regulation
• Self care• Self control• Personal time
management– Motivation
• Achievement drive• Commitment• initiative
– Career choice
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How professionalism How professionalism can be can be taught?taught?
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Professionalism in the Curriculum
▫A learning outcome (ACGME, 2007; Harden et al., 1999; CanMeds 2000),
▫A skill set (Emanuel, 2004)
▫A competence (Leach, 2004; Hester and Kovach, 2004; Fryer-Edwards & Baernstein, 2004).
▫Ksaudi-MEDS outcomes
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How Students Learn Professional values?
▫Some bring to medical college with them
▫Some learn through the formal curriculum
▫Some learn from role models
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How can We Teach Professionalism?
•Role Modeling•Bed Side Teaching•Simulated Patients•Small Group Cases Discussions
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How can professionalism be Assessed?
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Take Home Messages
• Professionalism should be part of the formal curriculum
• Professionalism must be taught and assessed
• Professionalism must be relevant to the society it serves
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Take Home Messages
• Dress your….• Give your ….• Speak your ….• Listen your ….• Work your ….• Live Your ….
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