prof. jan kicinski - the baltic sea region university network
TRANSCRIPT
GREEN ENERGY – THE DEVELOPMENT
OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS
Kiciński Jan
University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn
Institute of Fluid – Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences,
Gdańsk
BSRUN FORUM Olsztyn 31/05/2013
The sector distinguished in terms of:
- Potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions
and pollution
-Stimulate world-class standing in high-tech industry
-Renowables are very beneficial for distributed power
engineering
Why Green Energy ?
Uneffective centralized system
of power generation
10% production loss
35% of energy
utilised
at home
90% of energy
utilised
at home
Distributed cogeneration: effective heat
& power production in mini- & micro - CHP
60% production loss
Conventional fuel
or biomass
5% transmission loss
Why distributed cogeneration ?
LOCAL COMBINED HEAT AND
POWER PLANT IN SMALL SCALE
CHP PLANT
Prosumer Power Engineering Smart Grid
Secu
rity
, in
dep
end
ence
an
d f
ree
do
m o
f ci
tize
ns
(pro
sum
ers
)
Small-scale Eko-Power Engineering
Technology OZE/URE
Informatics Superstructure Applications
Processing "in the cloud" Communication
Citizen Power Engineering Energy Independence and Freedom of Citizens
(like before Informatics Freedom)
Energy Situation in Poland
1. 40% of the installed power units is 30-40 years old (in 2015 until 6500 MW
we have to turn off)
2. Difficult import: Weak internal networks and cross-border
3. Nuclear power only after 2020 and only 3,000 MW (it will NOT save us)
4. Hope for shale gas? Increased imports of conventional gas?
If we do nothing, in the 2016-2017 ENERGY CRISIS awaits us
What we have to do? New energy MIX for Poland?
One of the solutions is:
Distributed Cogeneration (short, small investments, quickly may arise energy
micro- sources )
new definition – new concept
Citizen Power Engineering
Thus: Distributed Energy Systems (DES) based on Renewable Energy Sources
(RES), "Smart Grid" and applications in the "digital cloud" will be a key element of the country's energy policy in the near future
It follows that:
Hybrid systems integrating solar technologies, biomass, wind, heat pumps and
energy storage for Plus-Energy buildings working in the smart grid is a challenging time
What should we do? Develop commercially reasonable technologies for our market using synergy effects and develop the most useful applications for processing in the "digital
cloud"
DO WE HAVE A CHANCE TO CITIZEN POWER ENGINEERING IN POLAND ?
YES
If: 1. Stable law that support
microgeneration
2. Sufficiently developed
Intelligent Smart Grid Network
CITIZEN Power Engineering = citizen is both a consumer and producer
Another term: PROSUMER Power Engineering
NEW IDEA: SMART GRIDS =
INTELLIGENT
HOUSES
WHAT WE NEED?
LESS PRODUCTION, MORE INTELLIGENT MANAGEMENT
VIRTUAL POWER PLANTS
CHP APPLICATIONS
MICROGRID MICROGRID
MICROGRID
TRENDS for POLAND until YEAR 2020
FAST TRANSFORMATION OF 2-3 MLN ha of WASTE LANDS
(10- 15% of FARM LAND)
1.5 MLN ha of CORN YIELDS 7.5 BLN M3 of
BIOMETHANE, EQUIVELENT of CURRENT POLISH
IMPORTS of NATURAL GAS
Surprising !!
Potential of polish energy agriculture
RENEWABLE ENERGY from BIOMASS 78%, WIND and HYDRO 22%
Biomass will be most important factor in polish green energy
Task 4. Development of integrated technologies for the
production of fuel and energy from biomass, agricultural waste
and other
www.strateg-z4.imp.gda.pl
Advanced Power Generation Technologies
Strategic Program
1
The main objectives of the project
Building and implementation of 16 pilot plant
demonstration.
These installations, as the main result of this offering, will
provide the basis for future deployments of new technologies
in the field of energy conversion of biomass and waste, and
construction of biogas systems integrated with co-generation
sets
ECO-ENERGY CHP STATIONS
BIOMASS CHP STATIONS
MULTI-FUEL
BURNER
MICROTURBINE ORC (LOW-TEMPERATURE
BOILING MEDIA)
MICRO WIND TURBINE
STATIONS
MICRO HYDRO POWER
STATIONS
MICROGRIDS
FINAL EFFECTS: PROTOTYPES, DEMOS, CUSTOMER IMPLEMENTATIONS
Cheap wind turbine for
Individual customers Low head hydro turbines
HYBRID
SYSTEMS:
- SOLAR AIR-
CONDITIONING
- FULE CELLS
SMALL
PHOTOVOLTAIC
STATIONS
Biomass pellet boiler (thermal output of 1.1 MW)
ORC Power Station With electric Power 145 KW
Why ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) ? (low-boiling medium)
Possibility to use low-temperature heat sources,
Possibility to use biogas and biomass, Possibility to utilise recovery heat, Modular construction, Possibility of trigeneration, operation with diesel engine, gas turbine, fuel cells
Vapour Rankine cycle with a turbine working on low-boiling fluid in a specific power range,
Innovative design of multi-fuel burner operating with ORC,
Innovative design of high-rotating turbogenerator, technology of high-rotating bearings,
Innovative design of micro heat exchangers,
Innovation of ORC – scientific input
ARE Autonomous Regions of Energy
INSTALLATION "ŻYCHLIN"
Communal Thermal Power in Żychlin present state - todays view
0.24 MWe
1.2 MWc
Main task: to modernize the old heating plant and to build a
modern CHP station ARE Problem: what to do with excess of the heat in the summer
time?
Solution: building of ORC module (1), which operates all year
other modules (2,3,4) will be included depending on
the energy needs of the community
Gas
engines
CHP Station
Gas engines
Steam module ORC module
Coal boiler
INSTALLATION „SZEPIETOWO”
Biomass gasification plant
present state - todays view
Today: only the production of syngas with a low calorific value
and quality
Our Task: to build a modern CHP plant
Problem: how to improve the quality of syngas?
Solution: biomass pre-heating using waste heat
The result: the ability to burn syngas in the combustion
engine
Cogeneration: Electric Power of 500 KW
Syngas for commercial purposes
Gasification
Chamber
Combustion
Chamber
Biomass
dryer
Combustion
Engine
Wet
Biomass
Dry
Biomass
Syngas
500 KWe Syngas
cleanup
Pyrolysis micro-gas plant - 75 kWe
Gasification of
sludge wastewater
Other Installations
Municipal waste
Częstochowa
Pilot fermentation micro biogas installation
Heat for family farm (households )
Power: 7 kWe / ~10 KWc
Area: 20-100 ha
Studzionka k. Pszczyny
Operational Programme: Innovative Economy (POIG)
R&D PROJECT
„MODEL AGROENERGY COMPLEX IN
DISTRIBUTED COGENERATION OF
HEAT AND POWER”
Coordinator: IFFM-PAS
2 Key project
CHP – ORC systems [ electricity power only several KW ] Cogeneration micro power plants in cooperation with ecological boilers.
Organic Rankine cycles - ORC. Feeding: biomass, biogas, biofuel
HOME MICRO POWER PLANTS
Electric current
Heat
Oil boiler with a cooling loop
Parameters: Capacity 30kW, Maximum pressure 16bar Max. temperature 250 C, Coil volume 40l, Mass 500kg
T G
LOW BOILING AGENT IN A LIQUID PHASE
LOW BOILING AGENT IN A STEAM PHASE
HYDRODYNAMIC
BEARINGS
GAS
BEARINGS
MAIN IDEA: APPLICATION OF LOW BOILING AGENT BOTH IN THE THERMODYNAMIC
CYCLE OF MICROTURBINE AS WELL AS FOR LUBRICATIONS PURPOSES IN
BEARINGS SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES:
- ELIMINATION OF ISOLATION PROBLEMS IN BEARING
INTERSPACES AND ELIMINATION AN ADDITIONAL
SYSTEM FOR LUBRICATION IN BEARINGS
- SMALL VISCOSITY OF LOW BOILING MEDIUM
LIQUID PHASE
STEAM PHASE
OBJECT OF INVESTIGATIONS
Object 1. Five - stage axial microturbine rotor of electric power of 3 KW and rotor speed 8 000 rpm
(for low-boiling agents ORC). Bearing journal diameters: d1=d2=20 mm. Model MES: 380 000 DOF
Object 2. Four - stage radial microturbine rotor of
electric power of 3 KW and rotor speed 23 800 rpm
(for low-boiling agents
ORC).
Bearing journal
diameters:
d1=24 mm, d2=34 mm.
Model MES: 200 000
DOF
K. Kosowski
Z. Kozanecki
Classic
hydrodynamic bearings
We suggest mini & micro-scale ORC-based CHP ORC Technology (Organic Rankine Cycle) utilises working fluid with low boiling-medium
for steam cycles in small and micro-scale cogeneration
Mini-scale CHP (Local/Commune Energy Centers) Thermal power: from several hundred kW to 5 MW
Electric power: from several dozen kW to 1 MW
Micro-scale CHP (Home/building scale combined H&P )
Thermal power: several dozen kW
Electric power: from few to several kW
WORKING FLUID
WITH LOW BOILING MEDIUM
(LIQUID STATE)
WORKING FLUID
WITH LOW BOILING
MEDIUM (GAS STATE)
HOT WATER
TWO SEPARATE CYCLES: working fluid with low boiling medium & water mCHP-ORC
In our opinion it is the most promising technology with short realization time
Research Center of PASci in Jabłonna
New opportunities for research and commercialization
of technologies and devices for Distributed Energy Systems (DES) based on
Renewable Energy Sources (RES)
Parking space
RES Education Path
Research Laboratories
Energy Storage
Pools
Integrated Energy-Plus Laboratory
Demonstration and Training Facility
The view of the Research Center in Jabłonna from the south - location of facilities
The Research Center’s offer for local scientific community, self-government and, industry entities.
“Business card” of the center – Energy-plus Technologies for houses, facilities and housing estates
(uT+E).
THE LARGEST ECOENERGY
CLUSTER in POLAND!!
BKEE
GOLDEN TRIANGLE
BALTIC ECOENERGY CLUSTER
contains 90 entities
SCIENCE COMPANIES
LOCAL
AUTHORITIES
REGIONAL
INNOVATION
STRATEGY
Coordinator: IFFM-PAS
EU PROJECTS: „Bioenergy Promotion”
The project aims to strengthen the development towards a sustainable, competitive and territorially integrated Baltic Sea Region in the field of sustainable use of bioenergy. Lead Partner: Swedish Energy Agency Duration: 2009-2012 Total budget: € 5 mln (IFFM-BEEC €166 500)
To find out more please visit: http:// www.bioenergypromotion.net
IFFM-BEEC
realizes selected tasks among different Work Packages in the project, and above all, plays a role of the WP5 Business Leader! 34 partners
from 9
Baltic Sea Region Countries
PEA – Public Energy Alternatives – Sustainable Energy Strategies
as a chance for regional development
The project aims to foster regional development through reduction of energy related costs, added value based on new value chains and sustainable technological innovations.
Lead Partner: City of Wittenberge, Germany Duration: 2010-2013 Total budget: ca. € 3,7 mln (IFFM-BEEC € 244 657)
IFFM-BEEC
will realize selected tasks among different Work Packages in the project, and will play a role of the WP5 Leader!
WP5 – „Sustainable energy production, supply chain management and preparation of investments”
21 partners
from 6 Baltic Sea Region Countries