Production System Analysis & Italian Freight

Transport Companies

Is it possible to use the method we use to analyze the production system for analyzing a transport company?

Is it possible to assume a delivery good as a final Product (PF) of

Problem Tree?

In addition, how about the Elementary Operations (EO),

Resources, Production Functions,

Agents, Information patterns

and Organizational Chart!

I INVITE YOU TO VISIT: TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS - BREAKING DOWN THE BARRIERS

Assume that FP as satisfaction of client

by delivering good Pi to Ij

OV

IVECO

dp

The Problem Tree as a fundamental imagination

of what is happening in the production line

in our casefrom

NV = Non prepared vehicle

☟

FP = Satisfaction of the client by delivering her goods Pi in Ij

��

�

��

PF2 = Final unloading of goods

�

PF3 = Enter to the plant

��

�� � Doc. = Transport’s Documents has taken

� L = Goods has Loaded

FP = Satisfactory of client by delivering his goods Pi to Ij

GE = Goods has entered to Delivery Point

GA = Goods (vehicle) has arrived to the plant

PF5 = Driving

GA = Goods (vehicle) has exited from the plant

PF4 = Exit from the plant

PF6 = Documents has taken

PF1 = Loading operation

�� VA = Vehicle has arrived to the plant

�� VE = Vehicle has entered to client’s plant

PF3 = Enter to the plant

�� VX = Vehicle has exited from the plant

PF5 = Driving

��

VR = Vehicle is ready to start working

PF4 = Exit from the plant

NV = Non prepared vehicle for work

PF7 = Vehicle preparing

Sometime depends to

various situation,

here we will see a kind of

LOOP. Means that

vehicle have to exit of the

plant and enter in it

again. Maybe

because of different Point of

Loading or waiting for

receive Final Product that is not ready

yet etc.

��

PF2 = Final unloading of goods

PF3 = Enter to the plant

��

�� � Doc. = Transport’s Documents has taken

� L = Goods has Loaded

FP = Satisfactory of client by delivering his goods Pi to Ij

GE = Goods has entered to Delivery Point

GA = Goods (vehicle) has arrived to the plant

PF5 = Driving

GA = Goods (vehicle) has exited from the plant

PF4 = Exit from the plant

PF6 = Documents has taken

PF1 = Loading operation

�� VA = Vehicle has arrived to the plant

�� VE = Vehicle has entered to client’s plant

PF3 = Enter to the plant

�� VX = Vehicle has exited from the plant

PF5 = Driving

VR = Vehicle is ready to start working

PF4 = Exit from the plant

NV = Non prepared vehicle for work

PF7 = Vehicle preparing

Sometime depends to

various situation,

here we will see a kind of

LOOP. Means that

vehicle have to exit of the

plant and enter in it

again. Maybe

because of different Point of

Loading or waiting for

receive Final Product that is not ready

yet etc.

The table of Production functions

N Production Functions

1 Loading

2 Unloading

3 Entering to the plant

4 Exiting from the plant

5 Driving

6 Tack/release Documents

7 Preparing Vehicle

8 Control

9 PAC

++PF7 PF4

PF4

PF5

PF5

PF3

PF3

PF1

PF6

PF2

Note that these functions are an

external resources.

PF

The table of Resources

Resources Tasks

R1 Forklift

R2 Van

R3 Truck

R4 Trailer

R5 Trailer Trainer

R6 Drive

The Graphical Table of Resources

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6

The table of Agents

Agents Assigned production Functions Type Responsibility

onSubordinated

to

DM1 Loading&Unloading LO Storehouse STAFF

DM2 Driver LO Transport STAFF

DM3 Logistics Sub-Control LO Logistic Activities STAFF

DM4 Logistics Control STAFF P. Activity of System PAC

DM5 Company (Transport) Activity Control PAC System ——

“CHI COMANDA QUI” ?!!!

CHI COMANDA QUI ?!!!

LA MAMMA !!!

List of the steps to resolve 1st Exercise!

1. Read the Problem Tree carefully!2. Graph of Components (that represent the Elementary Operations)!3. The Table of Paths to find the number of PHASES!4. Represent the diagram of EO’s!5. Identify the Production Functions!6. Represent the Work Sequence!7. Graph of Production Functions!8. Table and Graph of Resources!9. Scheme of Layout, evaluation of DM’s and Critical Points!!10. Information Pattern and Organizational Chart

- Study the table of Agents- Represent the type of connections according to the table of Agents

��

�

��

PF2 = Final unloading of goods

�

PF3 = Enter to the plant

��

�� � Doc. = Transport’s Documents has taken

� L = Goods has Loaded

FP = Satisfactory of client by delivering his goods Pi to Ij

GE = Goods has entered to Delivery Point

GA = Goods (vehicle) has arrived to the plant

PF5 = Driving

GA = Goods (vehicle) has exited from the plant

PF4 = Exit from the plant

PF6 = Documents has taken

PF1 = Loading operation

�� VA = Vehicle has arrived to the plant

�� VE = Vehicle has entered to client’s plant

PF3 = Enter to the plant

�� VX = Vehicle has exited from the plant

PF5 = Driving

��

VR = Vehicle is ready to start working

PF4 = Exit from the plant

NV = Non prepared vehicle for work

PF7 = Vehicle preparing

Sometime depends to

various situation,

here we will see a kind of

LOOP. Means that

vehicle have to exit of the

plant and enter in it

again. Maybe

because of different Point of

Loading or waiting for

receive Final Product that is not ready

yet etc.

Graph of Components

NV VR VX VA VE L DO EX GA GE PF12345678910

Table of Paths

NV VR VX VA VE L DOC. EX GA GE PF

10 PHASES

Elementary Operations (EO’s) & Phases

10987654321

1° 2° 3° 4° 5° 6° 7° 8° 9° 10°

PF’s & EO’s

PF’s \ EO’s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 1

2 1

3 1 1

4 1 1

5 1 1

6 1

7 1

8

9

Functions & Phases

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

F’s/P’s 1° 2° 3° 4° 5° 6° 7° 8° 9° 10°

Graph of Production Functions

PF7 PF4 PF5 PF3 PF1 PF6 PF4 PF5 PF3 PF2 PFGEGAEXDOCLVEVAVXVRNV

Graph of Resources

R’s \ PF’s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1 1 1

2

3

4 1

5 1

6 1 1 1 1 1

You see the mass traffic of production functions behind the Resource 6

Do you remember who was responsible of 6th resource?

This means that the qualification of this resource is very important. So the manager or the controller should collaborate with the driver,

because efficiency and performance of this resource could seriously effect on the production line of transport & logistic system.

Finally

we arrived to the destination!

The Work sequence

and

the layout of the system

PF 1 PF 2

DM5

DM4

DM3

DM2 DM1

PF 7 PF 4

PF 5PF 3 PF 6

PF 4 PF 5

PF 3

R6R6

THEOF THERESOURCES (PRODUCT FUNCTIONS (AND DECISION MAKERS (

DM4

DM3 DM2

DM1

DM5

Information Pattern

PAC

STAFF LO

LO LO LO LO

Organization ChartLA MAMMA !!!

KPI ?!!

MSWhat can not be measured CAN NOT be represent!

SOME CONSTRAINTS ABOUT HOURS OF WORKS AND DRIVE

• Total Daily hour of driving ⥴ 9 hours (2 times 10 h)

• Total Daily hour of all kind of work ⥴ 15 hours

• Total Weekly hour of working ⥴ 56 hours

• Total hour of work in two weeks ⥴ 90 hours

• Obligated daily hours of rest ⥲ 11 hours - max 3 times per week ( 9 + 3)

• Obligated daily break time ⥲ 45 min - after 4.5 hours of driving

• Obligated weekly hours of rest ⥲ 45 hours - once minimum 24 hours

SOME CONSTRAINTS ABOUT HOURS OF RESTING

HOW HOURS OF DRIVING AND WORKING COULD BE MEASURED ?!

• Analog

• Digital

CRONOTACHIGRAFO

• Analog • Setup time

++

• S ij ≠ S ji

PF7

• Digital • Setup time •S ij = S ji

SOME CONSTRAINTS ABOUT TRAFFIC

• Max speed in city center 50 km/h BUT most of the time maximum 30 km/h

• Max speed in regional ways 70 km/h

• Max speed in highways 80 km/h

• In addition, many specific traffic signs such as:

CONSTRAINTS ABOUT WEIGHT AND DIMENSION

MAXIMUM TOTAL WEIGHT

40 TONS

40 = +14 26

“FQ” BATCH

CONSTRAINTS ABOUT TRAFFIC POLICY AND CONTROL

SOME OTHER CONSTRAINTS ABOUT GENRE AND KIND OF GOODS OR MATERIAL

ADR

ADR

•S ij ≠ S ji

KPI

MS

SO AFTER THAT SHORT INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE VARIES KIND OF CONSTRAINTS, THAT WE FACE THEM EVERY DAYS IN THE WORLD OF TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS LETS COME BACK AGAIN TO THE KPI CONCEPT:

7 th Scheduling problem,

Series Res.

Statistic analysis based on calculating time to reach the customers, time to loading, necessary time to drive the distance between the customer and delivery point etc.

MS & Standard Transport Time

KPI = MS

4%10%

22%

23%

11%

24%

6%

Reach Customer Driving Wait for LoadingWait for Unloading L + tack doc. UL + tack doc.etc.

KPI = Compare your system with Competitor

Organized transport companies, those are familiar to benefit form modern navigating systems (Real-time Optimization System),

have a Core Transport Network and an efficient work sequence cycles.

Sajjad Khaksari, Politecnico di Torino http://italiancoaddress.blogspot.it

Thank you very much for listening!