processing rice straw
TRANSCRIPT
8/6/2019 Processing Rice Straw
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/processing-rice-straw 1/2
LivestockPracticalF F T C Technology
Cooperating agency for this topic:
FFTC: An international information center for
small-scale farmers in Asia
Food and Fertilizer Technology Center (FFTC)14 Wenchow St., Taipei, Taiwan ROCTel.: (886 2) 2362 6239 Fax: (886 2) 2362 0478E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.fftc.agnet.org
Processing rice straw into an improved feed
F
Fig. 1. Pile of rice straw
PT2003-26
RESH rice straw has a high energy content, but its
use as feed for ruminants is limited by the high levels
How to process rice straw into livestock feed
of lignin and silica in the straw (Figs. 1 and 2). These
make it difficult for livestock to digest.
By processing the rice straw, its quality and
digestibility can be improved. Processing can also
increase the protein content of rice straw.
In Indonesia, it is recommended to process rice
straw by applying urea (ammoniation). The technology
is best suited to small or medium-sized farms. Farmers inIndonesia use the ammoniated straw to provide animal
feed in the dry season or as a feed supplement.
North Sulawesi Assessment Institute for AgriculturalTechnology, IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected]
Fig. 2. Close-up of air-dried rice straw
Materials
Equipment
H Around 15 kg of air-dried rice straw
H About 870 g urea
H Five liters of water
H Two plastic bags, each 0.4 mm thick and
measuring 100 x 150 cmH One pail or bucket
H One set of scales
H One mixer stick
8/6/2019 Processing Rice Straw
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/processing-rice-straw 2/2
Fig. 3. Diagram of straw treatment
Procedure
H Put one plastic bag inside the other to make a
double thickness. The double bag is stronger and
is less likely to leak.
H Put 15 kg of air-dried rice straw inside the bag.
Compact the rice straw by pressing it down with
your hands.H The 870 g urea is dissolved in a pail containing 5
liters of water (Fig. 3). Stir the mixture well.
H Pour the urea solution into the plastic bag of rice
straw.
H Close the inner plastic bag by binding the mouth,
then tie the opening of the outer plastic bag
separately. Put the bag of straw in a safe place.
H The bag can be opened after one month. The
mouth of the bag should be left open to expose
the straw to the air for two days. It can then be
used as livestock feed (Fig. 4).
Using the processed straw as a feed
The processed rice straw is usually fed to cattle in theevening, as a feed supplement, after they have been
brought into their shed. To increase the palatability,
sweet soy sauce or molasses may be added. If the
cattle are not used to this kind of feed, add just a little
(5%) to their daily feed. Once the cattle become used to
the ammoniated rice straw, it can make up 60-100% of
their feed intake.
870 g of urea Put straw intoplastic bag
Pour ureasolution Store in a
safe place upto 1 month
Plasticbag
15 kg of straw5 litersof water
mixed
Fig. 4. Cattle eating feed of treated rice straw