process dictionary

7/30/2019 Process Dictionary

1/98

Operators Dictionary


2/98


3/98

Operators Dictionary1.52 ASTM DISTILLATION..............................................................................................................................22

1.53 ASTM GUM TEST....................................................................................................................................22

1.54 ASTM MELTING POINT ..........................................................................................................................22

1.55 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE ..................................................................................................................22

1.56 ATOM .......................................................................................................................................................22

1.57 ATOMISE\ ................................................................................................................................................22

1.58 ATTEMPERATOR\...................................................................................................................................22

1.59 ATTRITION\..............................................................................................................................................22

1.60 AUTO IGNITION POINT...........................................................................................................................22

1.61 AVERAGE BOILING POINT....................................................................................................................22

1.62 AVGAS .....................................................................................................................................................22

1.63 AVIATION GASOLINE.............................................................................................................................22

1.64 AVTAG .....................................................................................................................................................23

1.65 AVTUR .....................................................................................................................................................23

1.66 AZEOTROPE ...........................................................................................................................................23

1.67 AZEOTROPIC DISTILLATION ................................................................................................................23

2 B...................................................................................................................................................................24

2.1 BACK PRESSURE...................................................................................................................................24

2.2 BAFFLE....................................................................................................................................................24

2.3 BALANCED DRAUGHT...........................................................................................................................242.4 BAR OVER...............................................................................................................................................24

2.5 BAROMETER...........................................................................................................................................24

2.6 BAROMETRIC CONDENSER .................................................................................................................24

2.7 BAROMETRIC LEG .................................................................................................................................24

2.8 BARREL...................................................................................................................................................24

2.9 BASIC SEDIMENT AND WATER............................................................................................................24

2.10 BATCH .....................................................................................................................................................24

2.11 BATCH PROCESS...................................................................................................................................24

2.12 BATTERY.................................................................................................................................................24

2.13 BATTERY LIMITS ....................................................................................................................................24

2.14 BEARING .................................................................................................................................................24

2.15 BENZENE C6H6........................................................................................................................................252.16 BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD) ...........................................................................................25

2.17 BIODEGRADATION.................................................................................................................................25

2.18 BIOTREATER ..........................................................................................................................................25

2.19 BITUMEN .................................................................................................................................................25

2.20 BLACK PRODUCTS................................................................................................................................25

2.21 BLANK - See Spade................................................................................................................................25

2.22 BLEEDING ...............................................................................................................................................25

2.23 BLEND .....................................................................................................................................................25

2.24 BLENDED FUEL OIL ...............................................................................................................................25

2.25 BLENDING ...............................................................................................................................................25

2.26 BLENDING STOCK .................................................................................................................................25

2.27 BLENDING VALUE (ANTI-KNOCK) .......................................................................................................252.28 BLOCK VALVE........................................................................................................................................25

2.29 BLOCKED OPERATION .........................................................................................................................25

2.30 BLOWBACK ............................................................................................................................................26

2.31 BLOW-BY.................................................................................................................................................26

2.32 BLOWDOWN ...........................................................................................................................................26

2.33 BLOWER..................................................................................................................................................26

2.34 BLOWN BITUMEN...................................................................................................................................26

2.35 BLUE SMOKE..........................................................................................................................................26

2.36 BOILING POINT (AT A GIVEN PRESSURE)..........................................................................................26

2.37 BOILING RANGE.....................................................................................................................................26


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Operators Dictionary2.38 BOMB.......................................................................................................................................................26

2.39 BOND .......................................................................................................................................................26

2.40 BOOSTER STATION ...............................................................................................................................26

2.41 BOTTLED GAS........................................................................................................................................26

2.42 BOTTOMS................................................................................................................................................26

2.43 BOX-IN .....................................................................................................................................................26

2.44 BOX-UP....................................................................................................................................................27

2.45 BRAKE HORSEPOWER .........................................................................................................................27

2.46 BREAKER POINT....................................................................................................................................27

2.47 BREATHING ............................................................................................................................................27

2.48 BRINE.......................................................................................................................................................27

2.49 BRITISH THERMAL UNIT (BTU) ............................................................................................................27

2.50 BRITOLITE...............................................................................................................................................27

2.51 BUFFER ...................................................................................................................................................27

2.52 BUG COUNT............................................................................................................................................27

2.53 BULK CRUSHING STRENGTH...............................................................................................................27

2.54 BULK DENSITY .......................................................................................................................................27

2.55 BUND WALL ............................................................................................................................................27

2.56 BUNKER FUEL ........................................................................................................................................27

2.57 BURNING OIL ..........................................................................................................................................27

2.58 BUTANE C4H10.........................................................................................................................................28

2.59 BUTANE DE-ASPHALTING ....................................................................................................................28

2.60 BYPRODUCT...........................................................................................................................................28

3 C...................................................................................................................................................................29

3.1 C1,C2,C3,C4,C5 ..........................................................................................................................................29

3.2 CALIBRATION .........................................................................................................................................29

3.3 CALMING SECTION TRAYS...................................................................................................................29

3.4 CALORIE..................................................................................................................................................29

3.5 CALORIFIC VALUE .................................................................................................................................29

3.6 CANDLEPOWER .....................................................................................................................................29

3.7 CAPILLARITY ..........................................................................................................................................29

3.8 CARBON..................................................................................................................................................293.9 CARBON (FIXED CARBON) ...................................................................................................................29

3.10 CARBON DEPOSIT .................................................................................................................................29

3.11 CARBON DIOXIDE ..................................................................................................................................29

3.12 CARBON MONOXIDE .............................................................................................................................29

3.13 CARBURETTOR......................................................................................................................................30

3.14 CARRYOVER...........................................................................................................................................30

3.15 CASCADE TRAY .....................................................................................................................................30

3.16 CATALYSIS .............................................................................................................................................30

3.17 CATALYST...............................................................................................................................................30

3.18 CATALYST POISON................................................................................................................................30

3.19 CATALYTIC PROCESS...........................................................................................................................30

3.20 CATALYTIC REFORMING ......................................................................................................................303.21 CATHODIC PROTECTION ......................................................................................................................30

3.22 CAUSTIC SODA ......................................................................................................................................30

3.23 CENTRIGRADE (CELSIUS) SCALE .......................................................................................................30

3.24 CENTIPOISE, CENTISTOKES ................................................................................................................30

3.25 CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR.............................................................................................................31

3.26 CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.............................................................................................................................31

3.27 CENTRIFUGE ..........................................................................................................................................31

3.28 CERAMIC BALLS ....................................................................................................................................31

3.29 CETANE NUMBER ..................................................................................................................................31

3.30 CFR ENGINE............................................................................................................................................31


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Operators Dictionary3.31 CHANNELING..........................................................................................................................................31

3.32 CHARACTERISATION ............................................................................................................................31

3.33 CHAR VALUE ..........................................................................................................................................31

3.34 CHECK VALVE (NON RETURN VALVE) ...............................................................................................31

3.35 CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD) ..................................................................................................31

3.36 CHLORINATION ......................................................................................................................................31

3.37 CHROMOMETER - See Colorimeter......................................................................................................31

3.38 CLADDING...............................................................................................................................................31

3.39 CLAUS PROCESS...................................................................................................................................31

3.40 CLEAR GASOLINE..................................................................................................................................32

3.41 CLOUD POINT .........................................................................................................................................32

3.42 COAGULATION .......................................................................................................................................32

3.43 COALESCER ...........................................................................................................................................32

3.44 COASTAL TANKER Ltd- (CTL) ..............................................................................................................32

3.45 COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION .............................................................................................................32

3.46 COFFERDAMS ........................................................................................................................................32

3.47 COKE .......................................................................................................................................................32

3.48 COKE DRUM............................................................................................................................................32

3.49 COLD FILTER PLUGGING POINT..........................................................................................................32

3.50 COLORIMETER .......................................................................................................................................32

3.51 COMBINED FEED RATIO (CFR) ............................................................................................................32

3.52 COMBUSTION .........................................................................................................................................32

3.53 COMBUSTION CHAMBER......................................................................................................................32

3.54 COMPATABILITY ....................................................................................................................................32

3.55 COMPOUND ............................................................................................................................................32

3.56 COMPRESSION.......................................................................................................................................33

3.57 COMPRESSION IGNITION......................................................................................................................33

3.58 COMPRESSION RATIO ..........................................................................................................................33

3.59 COMPRESSOR........................................................................................................................................33

3.60 CONDENSATE.........................................................................................................................................33

3.61 CONDENSATION (PHYSICAL)...............................................................................................................33

3.62 CONDENSER...........................................................................................................................................33

3.63 CONDENSER BOX..................................................................................................................................33

3.64 CONDUCTIVITY.......................................................................................................................................33

3.65 CONGEAL................................................................................................................................................33

3.66 CONTINUOUS CATALYST REGENERATOR ........................................................................................33

3.67 CONTINUOUS DISTILLATION................................................................................................................33

3.68 CONTROL LOOP.....................................................................................................................................33

3.69 CONTROLLER.........................................................................................................................................33

3.70 CONVECTION..........................................................................................................................................33

3.71 CONVECTION SECTION.........................................................................................................................34

3.72 CONVENTIONAL PRODUCTS................................................................................................................34

3.73 CONVERSION PROCESSES ..................................................................................................................34

3.74 COOLER ..................................................................................................................................................34

3.75 COOLING TOWER...................................................................................................................................34

3.76 COPPER STRIP CORROSION................................................................................................................34

3.77 CORRECTED ENERGY & LOSS (CEL)..................................................................................................34

3.78 CORROSION............................................................................................................................................34

3.79 COUNTERCURRENT FLOW...................................................................................................................34

3.80 CRACKING ..............................................................................................................................................34

3.81 CREDITORS.............................................................................................................................................34

3.82 CREEP .....................................................................................................................................................34

3.83 CRITERIA REFERENCED INSTRUCTION .............................................................................................34

3.84 CRITICAL PRESSURE ............................................................................................................................34

3.85 CRITICAL TEMPERATURE ....................................................................................................................34


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Operators Dictionary3.86 CRITICAL VELOCITY..............................................................................................................................35

3.87 CRUDE NAPHTHA ..................................................................................................................................35

3.88 CRUDE OIL TYPES .................................................................................................................................35

3.89 CRUDE WAX............................................................................................................................................35

3.90 CRYSTALISATION ..................................................................................................................................35

3.91 CUSTODY TRANSFER TANKS ..............................................................................................................35

3.92 CURRENT RATE .....................................................................................................................................35

3.93 CUT...........................................................................................................................................................35

3.94 CUT POINT ..............................................................................................................................................35

3.95 CYCLISATION .........................................................................................................................................35

3.96 CYCLONE SEPARATOR ........................................................................................................................35

4 D...................................................................................................................................................................36

4.1 DAMPER ..................................................................................................................................................36

4.2 DEACTIVATION.......................................................................................................................................36

4.3 DEADWEIGHT .........................................................................................................................................36

4.4 DEARATOR .............................................................................................................................................36

4.5 DEBTORS ................................................................................................................................................36

4.6 DECOMPOSITION ...................................................................................................................................36

4.7 DEFERRED TAXATION ..........................................................................................................................36

4.8 DEHYDRATION .......................................................................................................................................364.9 DEHYDROCYCLISATION .......................................................................................................................36

4.10 DEHYDROGENATION.............................................................................................................................36

4.11 DEIONIZED WATER................................................................................................................................36

4.12 DEISOLATION .........................................................................................................................................36

4.13 DEMISTER ...............................................................................................................................................36

4.14 DEMULSIFIER .........................................................................................................................................36

4.15 DEMURRAGE ..........................................................................................................................................36

4.16 DENITRIFICATION ..................................................................................................................................37

4.17 DENSE BED LOADING ...........................................................................................................................37

4.18 DEOXYGENATION ..................................................................................................................................37

4.19 DESALTING .............................................................................................................................................37

4.20 DESULPHURISATION - See Hydrodesulphurisation ..........................................................................374.21 DESUPERHEATER..................................................................................................................................37

4.22 DETERGENCY.........................................................................................................................................37

4.23 DETERGENT OIL.....................................................................................................................................37

4.24 DETONATION ..........................................................................................................................................37

4.25 DEW POINT (at a given pressure) .........................................................................................................37

4.26 DEWAXING ..............................................................................................................................................37

4.27 DIESEL ENGINE......................................................................................................................................37

4.28 DIESEL FUEL ..........................................................................................................................................37

4.29 DIESEL INDEX.........................................................................................................................................37

4.30 DIFLUOROETHANE ................................................................................................................................38

4.31 DILUENT ..................................................................................................................................................38

4.32 DIPPING ...................................................................................................................................................384.33 DISTILLATE .............................................................................................................................................38

4.34 DISTILLATION (fractional) .....................................................................................................................38

4.35 DISTILLATION CURVE ...........................................................................................................................38

4.36 DISTILLATION LOSS ..............................................................................................................................38

4.37 DISTRIBUTOR (LIQUID/GAS).................................................................................................................38

4.38 DISULPHIDE ............................................................................................................................................38

4.39 DIVIDEND COVER...................................................................................................................................38

4.40 DIVIDEND YIELD .....................................................................................................................................38

4.41 DOCTOR SOLUTION...............................................................................................................................38

4.42 DOCTOR TREATMENT...........................................................................................................................38


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Operators Dictionary4.43 DOLPHIN..................................................................................................................................................39

4.44 DOWNCOMER.........................................................................................................................................39

4.45 DOWNSTREAM .......................................................................................................................................39

4.46 DRAW OFF ..............................................................................................................................................39

4.47 DRY GAS .................................................................................................................................................39

4.48 DUAL PURPOSE KEROSENE................................................................................................................39

5 E ...................................................................................................................................................................40

5.1 EARNINGS PER SHARE (CENTS) .........................................................................................................405.2 ECONOMISER .........................................................................................................................................40

5.3 EJECTOR.................................................................................................................................................40

5.4 ELASTOMER ...........................................................................................................................................40

5.5 ELECTRICAL ISOLATION CERTIFICATE .............................................................................................40

5.6 ELECTROLYSIS ......................................................................................................................................40

5.7 EMULSIFIER ............................................................................................................................................40

5.8 EMULSION...............................................................................................................................................40

5.9 END POINT ..............................................................................................................................................40

5.10 ENDOTHERMIC.......................................................................................................................................40

5.11 ENGINE OIL .............................................................................................................................................40

5.12 ENGLER DISTILLATION .........................................................................................................................40

5.13 ENTRAINMENT........................................................................................................................................405.14 EROSION .................................................................................................................................................40

5.15 ETHANE C2H6 ..........................................................................................................................................41

5.16 ETHENE ...................................................................................................................................................41

5.17 EVACUATION..........................................................................................................................................41

5.18 EVAPORATION .......................................................................................................................................41

5.19 EVAPORATOR ........................................................................................................................................41

5.20 EX SITU REGEN......................................................................................................................................41

5.21 EXOTHERMIC..........................................................................................................................................41

5.22 EXPANSION JOINT.................................................................................................................................41

5.23 EXTRACT.................................................................................................................................................41

5.24 EXTRACTION ..........................................................................................................................................41

5.25 EXTRACTION DEPTH .............................................................................................................................415.26 EXTRACTOR ...........................................................................................................................................41

5.27 EXTRAORDINARY ITEMS ......................................................................................................................41

5.28 EXTREME PRESSURE LUBRICANTS ...................................................................................................41

6 F ...................................................................................................................................................................42

6.1 FAECAL COLIFORM (F. COLI.)..............................................................................................................42

6.2 FATIGUE ..................................................................................................................................................42

6.3 FEED PREPARATION UNIT ...................................................................................................................42

6.4 FEEDSTOCK............................................................................................................................................42

6.5 FILTER .....................................................................................................................................................42

6.6 FILTRATE ................................................................................................................................................42

6.7 FIN FAN....................................................................................................................................................42

6.8 FIRE WALL ..............................................................................................................................................426.9 FIXED-BED OPERATION........................................................................................................................42

6.10 FLAME ARRESTOR ................................................................................................................................42

6.11 FLAMMABLE ...........................................................................................................................................42

6.12 FLASH......................................................................................................................................................42

6.13 FLASH DISTILLATION ............................................................................................................................42

6.14 FLASH POINT..........................................................................................................................................42

6.15 FLEXIBLE VOLATILITY INDEX ..............................................................................................................43

6.16 FLOATING HEAD ....................................................................................................................................43

6.17 FLOATING ROOF....................................................................................................................................43

6.18 FLOC ........................................................................................................................................................43


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Operators Dictionary6.19 FLOCCULATION .....................................................................................................................................43

6.20 FLOODING...............................................................................................................................................43

6.21 FLUE GAS................................................................................................................................................43

6.22 FLUID .......................................................................................................................................................43

6.23 FLUID BED OPERATION ........................................................................................................................43

6.24 FOAM .......................................................................................................................................................43

6.25 FOAMING.................................................................................................................................................43

6.26 FORCED DRAUGHT................................................................................................................................43

6.27 FRACTION ...............................................................................................................................................43

6.28 FRACTIONAL CONDENSATION ............................................................................................................44

6.29 FRACTIONATING COLUMN ...................................................................................................................44

6.30 FRACTIONATING TRAYS.......................................................................................................................44

6.31 FRACTIONATION ....................................................................................................................................44

6.32 FREE ON BOARD (FOB) ........................................................................................................................44

6.33 FREE WATER ..........................................................................................................................................44

6.34 FREEZE POINT........................................................................................................................................44

6.35 FREEZING POINT....................................................................................................................................44

6.36 FRESH GAS.............................................................................................................................................44

6.37 FRICTION.................................................................................................................................................44

6.38 FUEL AIR RATIO .....................................................................................................................................44

6.39 FUEL CELL ..............................................................................................................................................44

6.40 FUEL GAS................................................................................................................................................45

6.41 FUEL OIL .................................................................................................................................................45

6.42 FUNCTIONAL LOGIC SCHEME .............................................................................................................45

6.43 FUNCTIONAL LOGIC SYSTEM ..............................................................................................................45

6.44 FURNACE ................................................................................................................................................45

6.45 FURNACE PASS .....................................................................................................................................45

7 G...................................................................................................................................................................46

7.1 GAP ..........................................................................................................................................................46

7.2 GAS HOLDER..........................................................................................................................................46

7.3 GAS OIL ...................................................................................................................................................46

7.4 GAS/OIL RATIO.......................................................................................................................................467.5 GASOLINE ...............................................................................................................................................46

7.6 GAS TURBINE .........................................................................................................................................46

7.7 GATHERING STATION ...........................................................................................................................46

7.8 GEAR OIL ................................................................................................................................................46

7.9 GLAND .....................................................................................................................................................46

7.10 GOVERNOR.............................................................................................................................................46

7.11 GRAVITOMETER.....................................................................................................................................46

7.12 GRID TRAYS............................................................................................................................................46

7.13 GUM..........................................................................................................................................................46

8 H...................................................................................................................................................................47

8.1 HAMER LINE BLIND ...............................................................................................................................47

8.2 HEADER...................................................................................................................................................478.3 HEAT CAPACITY.....................................................................................................................................47

8.4 HEAT EXCHANGER................................................................................................................................47

8.5 HEAT OF COMBUSTION ........................................................................................................................47

8.6 HEATER ...................................................................................................................................................47

8.7 HI-FI TRAYS.............................................................................................................................................47

8.8 HIGH VACUUM UNIT...............................................................................................................................47

8.9 HORSEPOWER .......................................................................................................................................47

8.10 HORTON SPHERE ..................................................................................................................................47

8.11 HOT OIL ...................................................................................................................................................47

8.12 HOT SPOT ...............................................................................................................................................47


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Operators Dictionary8.13 HUMIDITY ................................................................................................................................................47

8.14 HYDRATE ................................................................................................................................................48

8.15 HYDRATION ............................................................................................................................................48

8.16 HYDRAULIC FLUIDS...............................................................................................................................48

8.17 HYDROCARBON.....................................................................................................................................48

8.18 HYDROCHLORIC ACID...........................................................................................................................48

8.19 HYDROCRACKING .................................................................................................................................48

8.20 HYDRODEALKYLATION ........................................................................................................................48

8.21 HYDRODESULPHURIZATION................................................................................................................48

8.22 HYDROGEN.............................................................................................................................................48

8.23 HYDROGEN BLISTERING ......................................................................................................................48

8.24 HYDROGEN SULPHIDE..........................................................................................................................48

8.25 HYDROGENATION..................................................................................................................................48

8.26 HYDROLYSIS ..........................................................................................................................................48

8.27 HYDROMETER ........................................................................................................................................49

8.28 HYDROSTATIC HEAD.............................................................................................................................49

1.29 HYDROSTATIC TEST..............................................................................................................................49

8.30 HYDROTREATING ..................................................................................................................................49

9 I.....................................................................................................................................................................50

9.1 IGNITION POINT......................................................................................................................................509.2 IGNITION QUALITY .................................................................................................................................50

9.3 IMMISCIBLE.............................................................................................................................................50

9.4 INCOMPATIBLE ......................................................................................................................................50

9.5 INDIGENOUS FEEDSTOCK....................................................................................................................50

9.6 INDUCED DRAUGHT ..............................................................................................................................50

9.7 INERT ENTRY..........................................................................................................................................50

9.8 INERT GAS ..............................................................................................................................................50

9.9 INERT FILLER .........................................................................................................................................50

9.10 INFLAMMABLE .......................................................................................................................................50

9.11 INHIBITOR ...............................................................................................................................................50

9.12 INITIAL BOILING POINT .........................................................................................................................50

9.13 INJECTOR................................................................................................................................................509.14 IN-LINE BLENDING .................................................................................................................................50

9.15 INORGANIC .............................................................................................................................................51

9.16 INSITU REGEN ........................................................................................................................................51

9.17 INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM .................................................................................................................51

9.18 INTERCEPTOR ........................................................................................................................................51

9.19 INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.......................................................................................................51

9.20 ION EXCHANGE RESINS .......................................................................................................................51

9.21 ISOLATE ..................................................................................................................................................51

9.22 ISOMER....................................................................................................................................................51

9.23 ISOMERISATION .....................................................................................................................................51

9.24 ISO-OCTANE C8H18 (2,2,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE) ............................................................................51

9.25 ISOTOPE..................................................................................................................................................5110 J....................................................................................................................................................................52

10.1 JET A1......................................................................................................................................................52

10.2 JET ENGINE (see also Gas Turbine).....................................................................................................52

10.3 JET FUEL.................................................................................................................................................52

10.4 JETTY HOSE ...........................................................................................................................................52

11 K...................................................................................................................................................................53

11.1 KELVIN.....................................................................................................................................................53

11.2 KEROSENE..............................................................................................................................................53

11.3 KETTLE REBOILER ................................................................................................................................53

11.4 KNOCK.....................................................................................................................................................53


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Operators Dictionary11.5 KNOCKOUT (DRUM OR VESSEL) .........................................................................................................53

12 L ...................................................................................................................................................................54

12.1 LAGGING .................................................................................................................................................54

12.2 LASER ALIGNMENT ...............................................................................................................................54

12.3 LATENT HEAT.........................................................................................................................................54

12.4 LEAD ........................................................................................................................................................54

12.5 LEAD ACETATE TEST............................................................................................................................54

12.6 LEAD SUSCEPTIBILITY .........................................................................................................................5412.7 LEADED GASOLINE ...............................................................................................................................54

12.8 LEAN ADIP ..............................................................................................................................................54

12.9 LICHEN ....................................................................................................................................................54

12.10 LIGHT DISTILLATE..............................................................................................................................54

12.11 LIGHT ENDS ........................................................................................................................................54

12.12 LIGHT TOPS.........................................................................................................................................54

12.13 LINEAR PROGRAMME (LP) ...............................................................................................................54

12.14 LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG).....................................................................................................54

12.15 LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG)................................................................................................55

12.16 LIQUID PHASE.....................................................................................................................................55

12.17 LIQUID SEAL .......................................................................................................................................55

12.18 LITRE....................................................................................................................................................5512.19 LIVE STEAM.........................................................................................................................................55

12.20 LOAD-ON-TOP SYSTEM.....................................................................................................................55

12.21 LOADING RACK ..................................................................................................................................55

12.22 LOGIC...................................................................................................................................................55

12.23 LONG RESIDUE...................................................................................................................................55

12.24 LOST TIME ACCIDENT (LTI) ..............................................................................................................55

12.25 LOW VISCOSITY INDEX .....................................................................................................................55

12.26 LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT.................................................................................................................55

12.27 LUBOIL.................................................................................................................................................55

12.28 LUBRICANT .........................................................................................................................................55

12.29 LUBRICATING OIL ..............................................................................................................................56

12.30 LUBRICATION .....................................................................................................................................5613 M...................................................................................................................................................................57

13.1 M CAP DECK ...........................................................................................................................................57

13.2 MANIFOLD...............................................................................................................................................57

13.3 MANOMETER ..........................................................................................................................................57

13.4 MASS SPECTROMETER ........................................................................................................................57

13.5 MELTING POINT......................................................................................................................................57

13.6 MERCAPTANS ........................................................................................................................................57

13.7 METHANATOR ........................................................................................................................................57

13.8 METHANE CH4........................................................................................................................................57

13.9 METHANE SERIES..................................................................................................................................57

13.10 METHANOL..........................................................................................................................................57

13.11 METHYL CHLOROFORM ....................................................................................................................5713.12 METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) ....................................................................................57

13.13 METRIC SYSTEM.................................................................................................................................58

13.14 MICROCRYSTALLINE WAXES...........................................................................................................58

13.15 MIDDLE DISTILLATE...........................................................................................................................58

13.16 MINERAL OIL.......................................................................................................................................58

13.17 MINIMUM STOP ...................................................................................................................................58

13.18 MISCIBLE .............................................................................................................................................58

13.19 MIXED BASE CRUDE..........................................................................................................................58

13.20 MIXER...................................................................................................................................................58

13.21 MIXING VALVE ....................................................................................................................................58


11/98

Operators Dictionary13.22 MIXTURE ..............................................................................................................................................58

13.23 MOLE PERCENT..................................................................................................................................58

13.24 MOLECULAR WEIGHT........................................................................................................................58

13.25 MOLECULE ..........................................................................................................................................58

13.26 MOTOR GASOLINE .............................................................................................................................58

13.27 MOTOR OCTANE NUMBER (MON)....................................................................................................59

13.28 MOTORISED VALVE ...........................................................................................................................59

13.29 MULTIGRADE OIL ...............................................................................................................................59

13.30 MULTISTAGE PUMP ...........................................................................................................................59

14 N...................................................................................................................................................................60

14.1 NAPHTHA ................................................................................................................................................60

14.2 NAPHTHENE ...........................................................................................................................................60

14.3 NAPHTHENIC ACID ................................................................................................................................60

14.4 NAPHTHENIC CRUDE ............................................................................................................................60

14.5 NATURAL DRAUGHT .............................................................................................................................60

14.6 NATURAL GAS........................................................................................................................................60

14.7 NATURAL GASOLINE.............................................................................................................................60

14.8 NET ASSET BACKING/SHARE ..............................................................................................................60

14.9 NET PROFIT AFTER TAX .......................................................................................................................60

14.10 NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX ................................................................................................................6014.11 NEUTRAL .............................................................................................................................................60

14.12 NEUTRON ............................................................................................................................................60

14.13 NITROGEN ...........................................................................................................................................61

14.14 NITROGEN BASE ................................................................................................................................61

14.15 NON-ASSOCIATED NATURAL GAS ..................................................................................................61

14.16 NON CUSTODY TRANSFER TANKS .................................................................................................61

14.17 NORMALISE.........................................................................................................................................61

15 O...................................................................................................................................................................62

15.1 OCTANE...................................................................................................................................................62

15.2 OIL RING..................................................................................................................................................62

15.3 OIL SHALE...............................................................................................................................................62

15.4 OLEFINS ..................................................................................................................................................6215.5 ONCE-THROUGH....................................................................................................................................62

15.6 ON STREAM ............................................................................................................................................62

15.7 ORGANIC.................................................................................................................................................62

15.8 ORIFICE METER......................................................................................................................................62

15.9 ORIFICE PLATE ......................................................................................................................................62

15.10 OSMOSIS .............................................................................................................................................62

15.11 OUTPUT ...............................................................................................................................................62

15.12 OVERHEADS .......................................................................................................................................62

15.13 OVERLAP.............................................................................................................................................63

15.14 OXIDATION ..........................................................................................................................................63

15.15 OXIDIZING FLAME ..............................................................................................................................63

16 P ...................................................................................................................................................................6416.1 PACKED TOWER ....................................................................................................................................64

16.2 PACKING .................................................................................................................................................64

16.3 PALL RINGS ............................................................................................................................................64

16.4 PARAFFIN-BASE CRUDE ......................................................................................................................64

16.5 PARAFFINS .............................................................................................................................................64

16.6 PARAFFIN WAX ......................................................................................................................................64

16.7 PARTIAL CONDENSER ..........................................................................................................................64

16.8 PARTIAL PRESSURE .............................................................................................................................64

1.9 PENETRATION........................................................................................................................................64

16.10 PERMIT TO WORK ..............................................................................................................................64


12/98

Operators Dictionary16.11 PETROIL MIXTURE (2 STROKE MIX) ................................................................................................64

16.12 PETROL................................................................................................................................................64

16.13 PETROLEUM........................................................................................................................................65

16.14 PETROLEUM NAPHTHA.....................................................................................................................65

16.15 PETROLEUM SPIRITS ........................................................................................................................65

16.16 PETROLEUM WAX ..............................................................................................................................65

16.17 PHENOL ...............................................................................................................................................65

16.18 PHOSPHATE........................................................................................................................................65

16.19 pH VALUE ............................................................................................................................................65

16.20 PIG ........................................................................................................................................................65

16.21 PILOT PLANT.......................................................................................................................................65

16.22 PIPELINE..............................................................................................................................................65

16.23 PISTON.................................................................................................................................................65

16.24 PISTON RING.......................................................................................................................................65

16.25 PITTING ................................................................................................................................................65

16.26 PLASTICIZERS ....................................................................................................................................65

16.27 PLATFORMING....................................................................................................................................66

16.28 POLYELECTROLYTE..........................................................................................................................66

16.29 POLYMER ............................................................................................................................................66

16.30 POUR POINT........................................................................................................................................66

16.31 POWER RECOVERY TURBINE ..........................................................................................................66

16.32 PREDILUTON (RATIO) ........................................................................................................................66

16.33 PREHEAT .............................................................................................................................................66

16.34 PREHEATER ........................................................................................................................................66

16.35 PRESSURE ..........................................................................................................................................66

16.36 PRESSURE DROP...............................................................................................................................66

16.37 PRESULPHIDE.....................................................................................................................................66

16.38 PRIMARY..............................................................................................................................................66

16.39 PRIMARY AIR ......................................................................................................................................66

16.40 PRIMARY PROCESS...........................................................................................................................66

16.41 PRIME MOVER.....................................................................................................................................67

16.42 PROCESS INTEGRATION...................................................................................................................67

16.43 PROMOTER .........................................................................................................................................67

16.44 PROPANE C3H8 ..................................................................................................................................67

16.45 PROPYLENE C3H6..............................................................................................................................67

16.46 PROSS..................................................................................................................................................67

16.47 PUKING ................................................................................................................................................67

16.48 PURGING .............................................................................................................................................67

16.49 PYROPHORIC......................................................................................................................................67

17 Q...................................................................................................................................................................68

17.1 QUENCH ..................................................................................................................................................68

17.2 QUENCH GAS .........................................................................................................................................68

17.3 QUENCHING OILS ..................................................................................................................................68

18 R...................................................................................................................................................................6918.1 RADIANT ENERGY .................................................................................................................................69

18.2 RADIANT SECTION.................................................................................................................................69

18.3 RADIATION..............................................................................................................................................69

18.4 RADICAL..................................................................................................................................................69

18.5 RAFFINATE .............................................................................................................................................69

18.6 RASCHIG RING .......................................................................................................................................69

18.7 REACTION ...............................................................................................................................................69

18.8 REACTION TIME .....................................................................................................................................69

18.9 REACTOR................................................................................................................................................69

18.10 REBOILER............................................................................................................................................69


13/98

Operators Dictionary18.11 RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR.....................................................................................................69

18.12 RECIPROCATING PUMP ....................................................................................................................69

18.13 RECLAIMER.........................................................................................................................................69

18.14 RECONTACTING .................................................................................................................................69

18.15 RECYCLE GAS ....................................................................................................................................70

18.16 RECYCLE OIL ......................................................................................................................................70

18.17 RECYCLE RATIO.................................................................................................................................70

18.18 RECYCLING .........................................................................................................................................70

18.19 REDUCED CRUDE...............................................................................................................................70

18.20 REDUCTION.........................................................................................................................................70

18.21 REFINERS MARGIN - GROSS ............................................................................................................70

18.22 REFINERS MARGIN - NET..................................................................................................................70

18.23 REFINERY ............................................................................................................................................70

18.24 REFINERY FUEL AND LOSS..............................................................................................................70

18.25 REFINING .............................................................................................................................................70

18.26 REFLUX................................................................................................................................................70

18.27 REFLUX CONDENSER........................................................................................................................70

18.28 REFLUX RATIO...........................................................................................

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