Agricultural & Applied Economics Association

Front MatterSource: American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 50, No. 5, Proceedings Issue (Dec.,1968), pp. i-ivPublished by: Oxford University Press on behalf of the Agricultural & Applied EconomicsAssociationStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1237294 .

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american

journal of

ag Icult ural

econOmicS so"LTUp

r o

~ocIAurV

AAEA Annual Meeting Joint Meeting with WAEA Montana State University Bozeman, Montana

August 18-21, 1968

Volume 50 Number 5 December 1968

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS

EDITOR / EARL R. SWANSON, University of Illinois

ASSOCIATE EDITOR / LYLE P. FETTIG, University of Illinois

BOOK REVIEW EDITOR / LEONARD W. SCHRUBEN, Kansas State University

EDITORIAL COUNCIL:

RICHARD A. ANDREWS, University of New Hampshire HAROLD O. CARTER, University of California, Davis ALBERT N. HALTER, Oregon State University LEONARD R. KYLE, Michigan State University GEORGE W. LADD, Iowa State University SAMUEL H. LOGAN, University of California, Davis M. A. MAcGREGOR, University of Guelph LEE R. MARTIN, University of Minnesota W. W. McPHERSON, University of Florida JEROME W. MILLIMAN, Indiana University ALLEN B. PAUL, Economic Research Service, USDA WESLEY B. SUNDQUIST, Economic Research Service, USDA T. D. WALLACE, North Carolina State University

EDITORIAL COMMUNICATIONS Editorial communications, including manuscripts submitted for publication in the

JOURNAL, should be addressed to Varden Fuller, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720. (See inside back cover for Guide for Submitting Manuscripts.)

Communications concerning books for review and books submitted for announce- ment in the JOURNAL should be addressed to Allen B. Paul, Economic Research Service, US. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250.

SUBSCRIPTIONS - Members of the American Agricultural Economics Association receive the JOUNAL. as part of their membership. " Yearly subscriptions, $10. Price this issue, $2.50. . Subscriptions, orders for individual copies of the JOURNAL, and changes of address of subscribers should be addressed to C. Del Mar Kearl, Department of Agricultural Economics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850.

- THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ACRICULTURAL ECONOMICS is issued five times a year, in February, May, August, November, and December. Prior to 1968, this JovRNAL was the JOURNAL o0 FARM EcoNomICs. " Published by the American Agricultural Economics Association. " Printed by the George Banta Company, Inc., Menasha, Wisconsin, US.A.

? Second-class postage paid at Menasha, Wisconsin.

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american

journal of

agricultural

economics

Vol. 50 No. 5 December 1968

Fellows of the American Agricultural Economics Association .................. v

PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS The AAEA and USDA in an Associationistic Age ........ Harold F. Breimyer 1101

INVITED LECTURE Institutions and the Rising Economic Value of Man ........... T. W. Schultz 1113

AGRICULTURAL POLICY

Economic Policy The Collapse of the Gold Exchange Standard ............ Robert A. Mundell 1123 Agricultural Policy in an Urban Society ......................Karl A. Fox 1135

Planning Investments in Research and Education Evaluation and Planning of Research in the Experiment Station.........

........o................o...... Arnold Paulsen and Donald R. Kaldor 1149

Discussion ...........................................George K. Brinegar 1161 Some Questions for Economists and Society About Adult Education ........

..................... ...................C. B. Ratchford 1164 Discussion ............... ........

............o......Peter Dorner 1177

M. L. Wilson Breakfast M. L. Wilson-Economist, Philosopher, and Man of Action ...............

................*......................Edward J. Bell, Jr. 1181 A 1960's Look at the 1930's Policy Proposals of M. L. Wilson ............

......George S. Tolley 1191

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Community Facilities and Services

Community Facilities and Services: An Economic Framework for Analysis . ........................................Lee M. Day 1195

Discussion ......................................... Joe B. Stevens 1205 Community Health Facilities and Services: The Manpower Dimensions ....

...................'.................. David S. Ball and Jack W. Wilson 1208

Discussion . o....................................A. Allan Schmid 1223

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The Theory and Strategy of Community Development Theory and Practice in Community Development .......Roland L. Warren 1226 Community Development Operation ....... ..... ......... J. Carroll Bottum 1239 Discussion ............... ......................... W. D. Toussaint 1247 Discussion .......................................George S. Abshier 1249

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

A Critique of the PSAC Report on the World Food Problems The President's Science Advisory Committee's Report on the World Food

Problem: An Overview ................................Leroy Blakeslee 1252 Food Production Possibilities in North America .......... Wesley G. Smith 1262 Food Production Possibilities in the High-Food-Drain Economies ..........

....................................................... Martin E. Abel 1273

Economic Policy and Agricultural Development Abroad Effects of Some General Economic Development Policies on Agricultural

Development ...................................... G. Edward Schuh 1283 Pricing and Allocative Efficiency in Agricultural Development ..............

.. .............................................. Lehman B. Fletcher 1294 Discussion ........................... ...............Lyle P. Schertz 1306 Discussion ......................... ..... ............ Roger W. Fox 1309

Foreign Technical Assistance Agricultural Economists in Overseas Development Assistance and the Impact

upon U.S. Universities .........Harold D. Guither and W. N. Thompson 1313 Discussion .. ......... .....

............................. ....... Ray Billingsley 1326

Why Overseas Technical Assistance Is Ineffective ........ Ralph A. Loomis 1329 Discussion ............. ............................Melvin G. Blase 1341

AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Economic Development Through Agribusiness Consortia

.... Ronald O. Aines 1345

INCOME DISTRIBUTION

Rural Poverty An Historical Review of the Nation's Efforts to Cope with Rural Poverty

.. ...

.................................. James G. Maddox 1351 An Economic Critique of the National Advisory Commission Report on

Rural Poverty ...................................... W. IV. McPherson 1362 Providing Direct Income and Employment Assistance to Existing Poor People

.............................. .............

W. B. Back 1373 Area and Regional Development Facets of The People Left Behind .........

........................................W. Keith Bryant 1376 Human Resources Development and Rural Poverty ........ E. Walton Jones 1379

Sources and Determinants of Incomes of Farm Families Personal Distribution of Farmers' Income by Source and Region ..........

............... ................................. Joseph D. Coffey 1383 Discussion .......... ..................................Paul W . Barkley 1396 Poverty by Color and Residence-Projections to 1975 and 1980 ..........

... ..................................... Patrick Madden 1399 Discussion ...................................... Richard T. Crowder 1412

Contributed Papers: Problems in Human Resource Development Drawing a Poverty Line for Government Services: An Initial Attempt ....

........ ..............................Thomas F. Stinson 1416

Implications of Negative Tax Plans as Antipoverty Measures in Low- Income Regions ................... Lloyd D. Bender and Bernal L. Green 1421

Push-Pull and Schooling Investment ...... Fred Hines and Luther Tweeten 1426

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Developing Estimates of Economic Underemployment for the Rural Labor Force of Seven Southern States..................................

...........................Thomas T. Williams and Robert B. Glasgow 1432

MARKETING ECONOMICS

Redirecting Market Research

Changing Orientations of Marketing Research ....... James Duncan Shafler 1437 Discussion ........................................ Lloyd C. Halvorson 1449 Systems Approach to Marketing Efficiency Research ..Leonard W. Schruben 1454 Discussion ......................................... Willard F. Williams 1468

Firm Mergers and Market Structures Merger Component of Growth of Agricultural Cooperatives.............

...........*.......................... Leon Garoian and Gail L. Cramer 1472

Discussion .............................................Calvin R. Berry 1483 Firm Mergers and General Welfare ....................Peter Helmberger 1485 Discussion .......................................... Filmore E. Bender 1499

Contributed Papers: Marketing, Prices, and Consumption A New Look at Demand Analysis for Beef ............ Edward Uvacek, Jr. 1501 Buyer Strategy in Bilateral Oligopoly ................. Ronald D. Knutson 1507 Quantity and Quality Components for Income Elasticities of Demand for

Food ................... ....... W. Whitney Hicks and S. R. Johnson 1512 Some Behavioral Aspects of Cooperative Bargaining in Agriculture .

.................................................. .... Jam es G. Youde 1518

PRODUCTION ECONOMICS AND FARM MANAGEMENT

Macro Models of U.S. Agriculture Predicting Short-Run Aggregate Adjustment to Policy Alternatives........

....................Jerry A. Sharples and W. Neill Schaller 1523 Discussion ............. ............................Gordon A. King 1536 Linear and Nonlinear Spatial Models in Agricultural Competition, Land Use,

and Production Potential .............Earl O. Heady and Harry H. Hall 1539 Discussion .......................... ...............D. Lee Bawden 1549

The Changing Financial Structure of Commercial Agriculture Changes in the Financial Structure of the Farm Sector and the Implications

for Research ....................................... John E. Lee, Jr. 1552 Discussion ............................................ Fred H. Tyner, Jr. 1564 Financial Organization and Production Choices ............... C. B. Baker 1566 Discussion ................ ........................ William McD. Herr 1577

Contributed Papers: Farm Management and Production Economics Cost Analysis and Profitability of a Service with Seasonal Character........

.....................................Yaaqov Goldschmidt 1580 A Simulation Program to Establish Optimum Crop Patterns on Irrigated

Farms Based on Preseason Estimates of Water Supply................ ..Raymond L. Anderson 1586

Tax Shelters in Agriculture: An Example for Beef Breeding Herds........

....Hoy F. Carman 1591 Three Myths About the Balance Sheet: The Changing Financial Structure of

Farming ............... ...........................George D. Irwin 1596

ECONOMICS OF NATURAL RESOURCE USE

Economics of Stock Natural Resource Use Economic, Technological, and Policy Consideration of Stock Resources ....

............... Michael F. Brewer 1600

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A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Ocean Mineral Resource Development: The Case of Manganese Nodules ............Philip E. Sorensen and Walter J. Mead 1611

Groundwater Utilization and Tax Policy .............. Herbert W. Grubb 1621 Discussion .......................................B. Delworth Gardner 1630

Water Resource Economics An Efficient Program of Water Resource Development in a Framework of

Growth and Trade ...................Pinhas Zusman and Irving Hoch 1635 The National Water Resource Assessment and Regional Framework Plans

..................................... ..Harry A. Steele 1647 Economics in Regional Water Research and Policy...................

...................Emery N. Castle and Russell C. Youmans 1655 Discussion ............................................... David J. Allee 1666

Economics in Public Land Policy Public Land Policy in the Context of Planning-Programming-Budgeting

Systems ............................................ Maurice M. Kelso 1671 Discussion ......................................Howard W. Hjort 1685 Public Lands and Tax Policy ..............................Don Seastone 1688 Discussion ................... ...................... Arnold W. Bolle 1698

QUANTITATIVE ECONOMICS AND RESEARCH METHODS

Quantitative Economics The Search for Quantitative Economic Knowledge ........ George G. Judge 1703 Discussion ................ .. .............................. N. Halter 1718 On the Problem of Degrees of Freedom in the Analysis of Consumer Be-

havior ................................. Alain deJanvry and Jurg Bieri 1720 Discussion ...............................................James B. Hassler 1736

Contributed Papers: Alternative Approaches to Research Some Considerations Affecting Empirical Studies of Recreational

Use...... ......................... W. E. Johnston and V. S. Pankey 1739

A Systems Approach to Planning Long-Range Marketing Programs ..

..........................................Arlo J. Minden 1745

New Approaches Needed in Applied Meat-Animal Research..............

..................................... Edward Uvacek, Jr. 1750 Computer Simulation as a Planning Tool in Developing Economies......

.....................M. L. Hayenga, T. J. Manetsch, and A. N. Halter 1755

FIRST AWARD PAPER IN THE UNDERGRADUATE

STUDENT ESSAY CONTEST

Theory of Hedging on the Beef Futures Market .......... Claude L. Jones 1760

AAEA REPORTS AND MINUTES ...................................... ...1767

BYLAWS ................... .................................... 1805

REPORTS OF THE WESTERN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION ................ ........................ 1812

INDEX TO VOLUME 50 .............................................. 1821

American Agricultural Economics Association Past Presidents ...... Inside back cover

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