problematic of energy in haiti problematic of energy in haiti - presented by ueh-haiti - campinas,...

PROBLEMATIC OF ENERGY PROBLEMATIC OF ENERGY IN HAITIIN HAITI

Problematic of energy in Haiti - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Problematic of energy in Haiti - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004

1 - 1 - SOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITISOURCES OF ENERGY USED IN HAITI

Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004Renewable energies in the haitian context - Presented by UEH-HAITI - Campinas, october 2004

1.1 Firewood

1.2 Electricity

1.3 Oil products

1.4 Bagasse

1.5 Solar energy

1.6 Wind energy 1.7 other sources



1.1 Firewood

satisfies to about 74% of the national demand in energy

between 3.4 and 4.1 millions of metric tons every year / 10-15 millions of trees / from 1.6 to 1.7 millions of Teo



1.1 Firewood

USING :

between 3.4 and 4.1 millions of metric tons every year

10-15 millions of trees

about 1.6 to 1.7 millions of Teo

In rural localities : branches or dead trees

In cities by dry cleaning and bakeries : cut trees

In urban households: Charcoal from cut trees



1.1 Electricity

Cities are endowed of public electric networks

Installed capacity : 250 MW , per capita 31 watts

560 GWH = per capita 80 kWh / year

In the capital : 10 – 15 hours per day



1.2 Electricity

SOURCES

1991 2004

72 % Hydro 25 % Hydro

28 % Thermal 75 % Thermal



1.3 Oil products

Used in thermal power stations and especially in transportation

20% of the energy consumed in Haiti



1.4 Bagasse

Used in mini distilleries

140 000 tons per year / 15% used like fuels



1.5 Solar energy

Used in : households / drying the linen

agricultural sector / drying the harvests

Since years 90 : Photovoltaic path



1.6 Wind energy

Always be used for navigation (coasting, fishing)

In 1991 : a wind park of a 150 kW power



1.7 Other sources

Human and animal energies

Fiels of using : transportation, fishing, construction

2 – 2 – ANALYZE OF THE SITUATIONANALYZE OF THE SITUATION


National Imported Firewood charcoal bagasse Hydro

électricity Diesel, kerosene,

fuel oil, etc…

total

Tteo 980 324.5 55 47.6 343.8 1751.4 % 56 18,52 3.14 2.71 19.63 100

Field of consumption

Households dry cleaning

bakeries

Households small

restaurants

Mini-distilleries

Public network

electricity

Transportation, thermal power

stations

Haiti - Production and import Primary energy

(In Thousands of tons equivalent of oil Tteo and in percentage %)

80 %



Firewood and charcoal are destroying the forests

Surface in forest

1923 1952 TODAY

60% 18% 1.5%



Hydro, solar and wind energies are under eploited



Solar energy

Daily radiation nearing 5kWh/m2

Haiti is an excellent wind layer

Winds speed 5 – 7 m/s

3 – 3 – IMPROVEMENTIMPROVEMENT


3.1 Projects of substitution

3.2 Research

using the renewable energies Faculty of agronomy had a cooperation with Wallon Region of Belgium

Faculty of Science had organized seminaries and exhibitions for its students in solar energy

4 – 4 – PROSPECTSPROSPECTS


The University of State of Haiti (UEH) decides to lead serious research succeeding to a correction of the situation

finding international cooperations permitting a transfer of technology in renewable energies

This research will aim to find technologies being able to:

● Increase the energy production

● Especially be adapted to the Haitian reality with regard to the small isolated farming localities

Integrate the increasing public awareness of the improvement and the management of environment.

5 – 5 – CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION


THANK YOU ALL !THANK YOU ALL !

problematic of energy in haiti problematic of energy in haiti - presented by ueh-haiti - campinas,...

Documents