problem based learning (pbl) - world aviation training summit€¦ · problem based learning (pbl)...
TRANSCRIPT
Problem Based Learning
(PBL)The Most Effective Way to Train
Presented for
22nd Annual
World Aviation Training Summit
Orlando, April 30, 2019
Presented by
Gordon Dupont
Our GoalTrain the Person to
Avoid the Error They Never Intend to Make
But HF is considered “soft” training
Thus you have to convince them that
your material, if used, will help them avoid
making an error
Problem Based Learning (PBL)
✓Consists of giving the person (team) a
problem and assign them the task of solving
the problem
✓Is the most effective means of training
✓Is often the most enjoyable
✓But it is slow
They Will Be More Willing To Accept
And Use The Training IF
It is based on PBL (Problem Based Learning) to the maximum extent possible
Average Retention Rates of
Training
• Lecture ................................... 5%
• Reading .................................. 10%
• Audio-Visual .......................... 20%
National Training Laboratory
• Demonstration ....................... 30%
• Discussion Group .................. 50%
• Practice by Doing .................. 75%
• Teaching Others .................... 90%
Problem
Based
Learning
Fastest
But
Less efficient
Slower But More Efficient
PBL Continued
➢ Case Studies, team exercises and even the asking of questions are a form of PBL
➢ Use it whenever you can and time permits
➢ Put your participants into teams of 3 to 5
➢ Make sure that they are mixed up
➢ Promotes teamwork and helps equalize teams
➢ Helps promote a competitive spirit
➢ Tip - Keep list of teams asked to present
PBL Room Setup
Screen - The bigger the better
Projector & training aids
table
Flip Chart PaperStand
Tables# as required
1. Arrangement indicates that this training “is different”2. Arrangement makes it easier for facilitators to move
to each team
3. Flip chart paper on each table
Let’s say that we wanted to impress on the class that even the simplest
task carries the risk of an error being made
a) I could tell you
Murphy’s Law almost guarantees that you will make
an error
Or b)
We could do the following
Murphy’s Law
Note
Torque all nuts to 55 inch pounds + - 1 in. lb.
Murphy’s Law• There are 16 components (8 nuts
& 8 washers) on this gear leg
• Each component can be installed only one way correctly
• Eight crews each change one nut and one washer next to the nut
3) How many total ways can the job be done incorrectly?
2) How many different ways can each crew make an error?
1) Would this be considered a Low, Medium or High risk job?
Murphy’s Law1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
Murphy’s Law
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
Murphy’s Law
3) Washer and nut incorrect
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
Murphy’s Law
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
Murphy’s Law
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
Murphy’s Law
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
Murphy’s Law
7) Nut on first incorrect. Washer on 2nd incorrect
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
Murphy’s Law
8) Washer left off. Nut correct
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
7) Nut on first incorrect. Washer on 2nd incorrect
Murphy’s Law
9) Washer left off. Nut incorrect
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
7) Nut on first incorrect. Washer on 2nd incorrect
8) Washer left off. Nut correct
Murphy’s Law
10) Nut left off. Washer correct
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
7) Nut on first incorrect. Washer on 2nd incorrect
8) Washer left off. Nut correct
9) Washer left off. Nut incorrect
Murphy’s Law
11) Nut left off. Washer incorrect
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
7) Nut on first incorrect. Washer on 2nd incorrect
8) Washer left off. Nut correct
9) Washer left off. Nut incorrect
10) Nut left off. Washer correct
Murphy’s Law
12) Both left off
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
7) Nut on first incorrect. Washer on 2nd incorrect
8) Washer left off. Nut correct
9) Washer left off. Nut incorrect
10) Nut left off. Washer correct
11) Nut left off. Washer incorrect
Murphy’s Law
13) Nut under torqued
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
7) Nut on first incorrect. Washer on 2nd incorrect
8) Washer left off. Nut correct
9) Washer left off. Nut incorrect
10) Nut left off. Washer correct
11) Nut left off. Washer incorrect
12) Both left off
Murphy’s Law
14) Nut over torqued
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
7) Nut on first incorrect. Washer on 2nd incorrect
8) Washer left off. Nut correct
9) Washer left off. Nut incorrect
10) Nut left off. Washer correct
11) Nut left off. Washer incorrect
12) Both left off
13) Nut under torqued
Murphy’s Law
15) Nut cross-threaded
1) Washer incorrect. Nut correct
2) Washer correct. Nut incorrect
3) Washer and nut incorrect
4) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd correct
5) Nut on 1st incorrect. Washer on 2nd correct
6) Nut on 1st correct. Washer on 2nd incorrect
7) Nut on first incorrect. Washer on 2nd incorrect
8) Washer left off. Nut correct
9) Washer left off. Nut incorrect
10) Nut left off. Washer correct
11) Nut left off. Washer incorrect
12) Both left off
13) Nut under torqued
14) Nut over torqued
The Terrible Odds1 Crew = 15
2 Crew = 225
3 Crew = 3,375
4 Crew = 50,625
5 Crew = 759,375
6 Crew = 11,390,625
7 Crew = 170,859,375
8 Crew = 2, 562,890,625 or over 2 ½ billionways to do it wrong and still only…
One way to do it right
What can we do?
R T G D M
Read The G D__ Manual
And Always Follow The
Procedures In It
Because there is only one
way for us to do our jobs
The Right Way
Because
When we make a mistake
Sometimes
Someone else pays the price
PBL Trains the Person to Solve Problems
• PBL is not the acquisition of a collection of factual knowledge
• The person gains the knowledge by solving problems
• He also learns what is required to solve problems
• It is ideal for Human Factors training because in the end you want the participants to APPLY what they have learned NOT simply repeat a bunch of useless facts
• The industry and the regulator may not be ready for this YET
• Sadly you will unlikely have the time to do pure PBL
An airline with 16 aircraft
5 Boeing 747s
1,200 employees
Never had a fatal accident
Until this one fatal accident
No one survived their first
accident
Not even the companyMerte de una AerolineaDeath of an Airline
No matter how right you are or hard you work,
sometimes the Maintenance Error Dragon still wins!