MANNAM FOUNDATION CENTRE FOR EDUCATION

TECHNOLOGY

PORUVAZHY, EDAKKADU,KOLLAM

2014-2015

ASSIGNMENT

Submitted to Submitted by

Rintu Teacher Priya P

Natural Science Natural Science

Reg No:18114373018

TOPIC: BALANCED DIET

INTRODUCTION

Food is needed to supply energy and nutrients that are

necessary for our bodies to function. We obtain energy

from the macro nutrients, fat, carbohydrate and protein.

The macro nutrients also supply substances that are

necessary for the chemical processes that enable our bodies

to use the energy and maintain themselves, for which the

micronutrients-vitamins and minerals, are also necessary.

The amount of energy that a food provides is measured in

kilo calories. Different foods consists of different

combination and quantities of the macro and micro

nutrients. The macro nutrients supply different amounts of

energy for the same weight. Therefore different foods

supply different amounts of energy and nutrients for the

same weight. The micro nutrients do not supply us with

energy. The quantities of micro nutrients that our bodies

require are very small, and are measured in fractions of a

gram these are milligrams which equals 1 thousandth of a

gram and micro grams which equal 1 millionth of a gram .

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONTENT

A balanced diet is food intake that includes all of

the dietary needs of the organism in the correct proportions.

In the case of a balanced human adult diet, this is

sometimes specified as approx.

1/7 fat

1/7 protein

5/7 carbohydrates

COMPONENTES OF BALANCED

DIET

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Fats(also called lipids)

Dietary fiber

Water

Vitamins

Minerals

These are seven components of a balanced diet.

CARBOHYDRATES

Carbohydrates are broken-down by the digestive

system into energy in the form of glucose. However if the

body is supplied with too much ingested energy in the form

of food the excess may be laid down as fat around the

body-as the body’s “Energy Store “ or “Reserve” in case it

is needed later

The body needs and uses energy for the following.

Active transport

Synthesis is bio chemical macromolecules

Cell division

Muscle contraction

PROTEINS

Proteins are often described as building blocks essential for

growth (especially in the case of infants, children and body-

builders) and for maintenance and repair of body tissues.

Proteins are broken-down by the digestive system into amino

acids. There are different types of proteins found in a wide range

of animal and non-animal food sources. Example: meat, fish,

eggs, pulses and beans. “A balanced diet includes all of the

essential amino acids, which are so-called because they are

needed but can’t be synthesized by the human body.

FATS

Some fats are essential for a healthy balanced diet. They

are broken down by the digestive system into fatty acids and

glycerol. These compounds are then used in cell membranes and

as parts to form steroid hormones .There are many different fat

molecules but in general fats can be divided into two main

groups.

Saturated fats and cholesterol- typically derived from

animal products such as meats.

Unsaturated fat-typically from plant sources such as soya.

DIETARY FIBER

Dietary fiber is important for a balanced diet. It consists

mainly of cellulose from plant cell walls and is part of many

plant based food sources, including fresh fruits and vegetables

and whole grains and pulses. The main functions of dietary fiber

concern the health of the large intestine, and helping to form soft

bulky faces, there by easing defecation and reducing the

probability of constipation.

WATER

Water is an essential part of the human diet. It is necessary

for the body in which it is used as a solvent, a transport medium,

a substrate in hydrolytic reactions and for lubrication.

Although humans need water every day it is not

necessary consumed in the form of drinking water itself but as

the major part of many drinks and some liquid or partially foods

such as soups, sauces, dressings and ice-desserts.

VITAMINS

There are many different vitamins. Al though all vitamins

are organic compounds. They have no common chemical

structure or functions. Vitamins are specific chemicals needed

by the body in relatively small amounts. Collectively they fulfill

a wide range of functions including enabling the body to make

efficient use of other parts of a balanced diet, Example: vitamin

D facilitates absorption of calcium and phosphorous.

MINERALS Minerals help to maintain ideal concentrations of tiny

amount chemicals, dissolved in the water present in the tissues

in the most beneficial way for the overall health of the organism.

However, some people take supplements of certain

minerals. Example: in tablet form especially if following

restricted diet, or sometimes due to certain medical conditions.

Why is it important to have a balanced diet?

1) It prevents disease and infections

A well-balanced diet helps your body fight many

diseases and infections. When the body receives enough

nutrients, the immune system functions well, which prevents

infection, reduces the risk of chronic diseases like cancer, high

blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease, as well as prevents

seasonal allergies.

2) It helps control weight Eating a balanced diet helps people to maintain

proper weight, which includes reducing the risk for either

obesity or under nutrition. This majorly lies in reducing the

fats and carbohydrates from your diet.

3) It promotes healthy body growth

Obtaining the essential nutrients doesn’t only

promote fitness and prevent disease; it also helps the body

to grow and maintain proper function. A balanced diet is

therefore important especially for growing children and

adolescents.

4) It helps promote mental health Eating a well-balanced diet helps promote good

mental function, boosts energy, enhances memory and

reduces the risk of mental disorders.

CONCLUSION Now that you have learned about eating a balanced diet,

eating wisely doesn’t have to be boring. If you make good

nutrition on every habit, you will get more out of every day.

When we eat healthy, we physically feel good. We

mentally have more energy to do the things that matter. When

we are both globally conscious and personally healthy in our

eating choices, we are contributing to the welfare of the planet.

Our decision to practice healthy eating habits has so many

consequences in so many ways.

Now that you have all the information you need on eating

healthy, the most important action step you can do is to maintain

this life style choice as much as possible.

Eating healthy, after all, is not about losing your ability to

enjoy indulgences. It is a matter of gaining so many things that

will affect you for the rest of your life: A longer life, the ability

to enjoy natural foods, a wholesome sense of self-esteem and the

joy of respecting your body for all that it does for you.

REFERANCE

1) www.bd.websitesuk.org

2) www.pamf.org

3) www.ivyroses.com

4) www.healthline.com

5) www.caloriesecrets.net

6) www.newhealthguide.org