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PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard Weikum

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Page 1: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITYAsia J. Biega

Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard Weikum

Page 2: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

YOUR PROFILE MEANS … PERSONALIZATION

python

programming, java, inheritance, nltk

SEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS

… …

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 3: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

YOUR PROFILE MEANS … YOU

SEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS

programming

ethno jazz

mediation back exercise

pottery

tokyo in august

Python Programming

Mein Kampf

The Holy Bible

The Modern Libertarian

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 4: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

YOU CAN’T HAVE YOUR CAKE AND (HAVE YOUR SERVICE PROVIDER) EAT IT TOO …

OR

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 5: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

… OR CAN YOU?

programming

ethno jazz

mediation back exercise

pottery

tokyo in august

python

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 6: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

… OR CAN YOU?

programming

ethno jazz

mediation back exercise

pottery

tokyo in august

python

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 7: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

… OR CAN YOU?

programming

ethno jazz

mediation back exercise

pottery

tokyo in august

programming

ethno jazz

mediation back exercise

pottery

tokyo in augustUSER UTILITY: COHERENT CHUNKS

PRIVACY: PROFILE FRAGMENTATION

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 8: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

FRAGMENTATION: PRACTICALLY

Service Provider

Local user profiles

?

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 9: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

MEDIATOR ACCOUNTS PROXY

Service Provider

Mediator Accounts

Item:

Items

Result:

Results

Local user profiles

query rating

ranking predicted ratings

Store no links

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 10: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

PRIVACY VS. UTILITY

PRIVACY

profile scrambled

USER UTILITY

results personalized

This work

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 11: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

PRIVACY VS. UTILITY

PRIVACY

profile scrambled

USER UTILITY

coherent context preserved

SERVICE PROVIDER UTILITY

minimize analytics loss

Usual focus

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 12: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

PRIVACY VS. UTILITY - STRATEGIES

PRIVACY

Random shuffling

USER UTILITY

Results intact

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 13: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

CONTROLLING THE TRADE-OFF

P (m|o) = ↵ · Ppriv(m|o) + (1� ↵) · Putil(m|o)

RANDOM↵ = 1

COHERENT↵ = 0

Profiling-Tradeoff Assignment

Entropy Pairwise similarity

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 14: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

MEDIATOR ACCOUNTS: SEARCH

programming pottery

tokyo in august

QUERY HISTORY

programming pottery tokyo in august

Language model-based personalization query-doc + doc-mediator

User U

Mediator MSimilarity:

topical

Forwarding

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 15: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

MEDIATOR ACCOUNTS: RECOMMENDERS

Umiera piękno: 4 Koreni: 5 Artpop: 1

RATING HISTORY

Umiera piękno Koreni Artpop

Collaborative filtering

User U

Mediator MSimilarity: categorical

Aggregation

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 16: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION

~900 User profiles

Profiling-Tradeoff Assignment

(Queries synthesized from StackExchange)Mediator Accounts

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 17: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION

Q: HOW DOES THE PRIVACY-UTILITY TRADE-OFF LOOK LIKE?

Profiling-Tradeoff Assignment

(Queries synthesized from StackExchange)Mediator Accounts~900 User profiles

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 18: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: METRICS

MODEL EMPIRICAL

PRIVA

CYUT

ILITY

Entropy object-level

KL-divergence topic-level

Coherence

Kendall’s Tau (search)

MSE (recommenders)

:( : (user u

,

mediator mFor each object:

Diff*

Ranking over StackExchange answers

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 19: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: OBSERVATIONS

SEARCH SYSTEMS

TRADE-OFFS (EMPIRICAL)

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 20: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: OBSERVATIONS

Ideal

SEARCH SYSTEMS

TRADE-OFFS (EMPIRICAL)

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 21: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: OBSERVATIONS

Ideal

SEARCH SYSTEMS

TRADE-OFFS (EMPIRICAL)

Trade-off

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 22: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: OBSERVATIONS

SEARCH SYSTEMS

TRADE-OFFS (EMPIRICAL)

Utility loss low even for random

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 23: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: OBSERVATIONS

SEARCH SYSTEMS

TRADE-OFFS (EMPIRICAL)

Alpha influences the variance

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 24: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: OBSERVATIONS

PROFILE SIZE & DIVERSITYPROFILE SIZE & DIVERSITYPROFILE SIZE & DIVERSITY

PROFILE DIVERSITY

SEARCH SYSTEMS

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 25: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: OBSERVATIONS

PROFILE SIZE & DIVERSITYPROFILE SIZE & DIVERSITYPROFILE SIZE & DIVERSITY

PROFILE DIVERSITY

SEARCH SYSTEMS

Coherent

Random

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 26: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: OBSERVATIONS

PROFILE SIZE & DIVERSITYPROFILE SIZE & DIVERSITYPROFILE SIZE & DIVERSITY

PROFILE DIVERSITY

SEARCH SYSTEMS

Coherent

Random

high diversity = utility-safe scrambling

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 27: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

EVALUATION: OBSERVATIONS

RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS

Similar observations hold

Asia J. Biega [email protected]

Page 28: PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY - Max Planck Societypeople.mpi-inf.mpg.de/~jbiega/slides/biega_privacy... · 2017-08-18 · PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY Asia J. Biega Rishiraj Saha Roy Gerhard

PRIVACY THROUGH SOLIDARITY THANKS!

Asia J. Biega

[email protected]

USER UTILITYPROFILING PRIVACY

MEDIATOR ACCOUNTS

SEARCH RECOMMENDERS