By: Jacob D. and Nick C.

Prisoner Rights and the Geneva Convention, and HSR (Human Subject Research)

• 5 Essential Questions and

Answers

• History of Prison Rights

• International Prison Rights

• Today’s Prison Rights

• Geneva Convention

• HSR (Human Subject

Researching)

• Science Behind

• Nazi Testing and Holocaust

• Today

• Important People

• Connection to Theme

• Bibliography

5 Essential Questions

1- What is the Geneva Convention?

2- What Rights do prisoners have today ?

3- What tests were done in WW2?

4- What were the prisoner conditions during the 1900’s -1950’s period?

5- Do we still do tests on human today's and do any other countries do it too?

Geography

HSR (Human Subject Research)

Definition: A living individual about whom an investigator conducting research obtains:

Data through intervention or interaction with the individual, or

Identifiable private information

USA-Radiation experimentsDone to children and mentally disabled

Tricked sick people into thinking they were receiving medical treatment

Injected radiation, tested chemical weapons, and mind altering substances

Sweden-Viphelom ExperimentsStarted in 1945 at Viphelom, a

facility for retarded peopleWere fed large sugary diets to

induce tooth decayAbout 50 of 660 people’s teeth

were completely ruined

• Tested on 75 people who played prisoners• Faced with physical abuse and torture• Many prisoners accepted the abuse and

willingly would hurt other prisoners• Prisoners became crazy and experiment was

stopped because it became out of control

•Tested on 75 people who played prisoners•Faced with physical abuse and torture•Many prisoners accepted the abuse and willingly would hurt other prisoners•Prisoners became crazy and experiment was stopped because it became out of control

Stanford Prison Experiment

The Monster Study

Tested orphans in 1939 to try to induce stuttering

Half received positive therapy while other half received negative

Many of the 22 orphans suffered stuttering for the rest of their lives

6 orphans received $925,000 from Iowa for long term emotional and physiological issues

NUREMBURG CODE

Code that states guidelines to be used when testing humans

10 points to follow Created in 1947 after the

doctor’s trial

You must have the consent of the subject

The subject must fully know what you are going to do

There cannot be any risk of injury There must be a proper facility for use

Nuremburg Code States…

Science Behind

There is plenty of science behind all the testing. For example the Nazis Freezing

Experiments contained a lot of science. They made coats out of various materials like fleece

and put them on a subject. Then the subject was immersed in water to see how long he would survive. They followed the scientific

method when testing too.

Nazi testing and the Holocaust

Many tests went on by the Nazis during world war two on Jews and other prisoners

Most experiments results were used to help benefit their soldiers

Freezing experiments

Tested on Russian prisoners to learn how to prevent or fix hypothermia

Also wanted to see if Russians were better fitted for the cold

100 people are estimated to have died from this

Versuch Nr. (Attempt No.)

Wasser- temperatur (Water temperature)

Körpertemperatur bei Entfernung aus dem Wasser (Body temperature when removed from the water)

Körpertemperatur beim Eintritt des Todes (Body temperature at death)

Verweildauer im Wasser (Length of time in the bath)

Eintritt des Todes (Occurrence of death)

5 5.2° 27.7° 27.7° 66' 66'13 6° 29.2° 29.2° 80' 87'14 4° 27.8° 27.5° 95' 100'16 4° 28.7° 26° 60' 74'23 4.5° 27.8° 25.7° 57' 65'25 4.5° 27.8° 26.6° 51' 65'

4.2° 26.7° 25.9° 53' 53'

Chart of different attempts of freezing experiment

Sea-water experiments

• Tested on 60 people• Given nothing to eat or drink, but sea-water• Wanted to see various ways to make it

drinkable• People would like newly moped floors for any

source of water

Tested on about 1,500 peopleTested on twins by injecting chemicals in an

attempt to change eye colors

Testing on twins

POISON EXPERIMENTS Would take random inmates and put

poison in there food Prisoner would have no idea

Sterilization experiments Tested on 400,000 people to try to

sterilize them Injected chemicals like iodine Prisoners walked into room to fill out

forms while during this radiation was administered making the prisoner completely sterile

Doctor’s TrialPut on trial 23 Nazi testersTesters where faced with 4,000

charges15 convicted and 7 put to death

History of Prison Rights

• In 1963

Right to be protected by authorities in the case of assault or rape

Right to Medical Treatment Right to freedom of expression, reading materials,

and communication Right to a court of law with regards to prison

authorities Right to freedom of religion Right to drink safe water Right to food and clothing Right to equal and fair treatment

Today’s Prison Rights (USA)

Prison Rights today out of U.S.

• Africa

• Russia

• Germany

GENEVA CONVENTIONS Four Treaties that are sworn by 194

countries

It says that these countries cannot violate these treaties

Henri Dunant first introduced the Geneva Convention (Technically)

4 CONVENTIONS/ TREATIES First Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the

Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field, 1864

Second Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea, 1906

Third Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, 1929

Fourth Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, 1949

Geneva Convention (Cont.)

Not all violations will be off limits such as :

1. Willful killing or torture 2. Hostages from different states (That is only if the break Country Laws

or trespassing on Territory without permission)

Henri Dunant Jean Henri Dunant

May 8, 1828Geneva, Switzerland

Died October 30, 1910 (aged 82)Heidein, Switzerland

Connection to theme

During World War Two and the holocaust the Nazis took many prisoners. These prisoners were tested on, and had poor living conditions. Because of these experiments the Nuremburg code was made to help prevent this from happening again.

Essential Answer #1 • What is the Geneva Convention?

• A. Four Treaties that are sworn by 194 countries, Countries cannot violate these treaties

Essential Answer #2 • What Rights do prisoners have today ?

• A. They have the basic human rights but still kept in jail cell because of wrong doing.

Essential Answer #3 • What tests were done in WW2?

• A. Many different tests were done during WW2 by the Nazis. Testing on Jews they tested 100’s of different things.

Essential Answer #4 • What were the prisoner conditions during the

1900’s -1950’s period?

• A. The prisoner conditions were that you could do anything you want to them such as torture them and abuse them so pretty much the conditions were bad and the prisoners would get food only if the guards gave them some if they wanted to.

Essential Answer #5 • Do we still do tests on human today's and do

any other countries do it too?

• A. Yes we and other countries still do tests, but follow the Nuremburg code.

Bibliography

• Movie: “Auschwitz: Inside the Nazi state” • Books: • Why Wars come By: A. P. Niblack

THE END