principles of plan composition - theory of architecture
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Principles of Plan Composition
Theory of ArchitectureArch. Maribel C. Tubera
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Good planning is not the placing of areas together in an aimless way.
A logical planning have a reason behind it – “a parti”, or scheme.
A good plan should be organic, that is, it should be organized that the composition will be disturbed if one element is moved.
A plan may be simple or complex, depending upon the use of the building.
PLAN
A guide to be a good planner
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The principles of plan composition are:
A.Primary principles
1. Contrast (size, shape, character, direction)
2. Balance (Symmetrical & unsymmetrical)3. Emphasis
B.Secondary Principles
1. Repetition2. Alternation3. Transition4. Transformation
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CONTRAST
Is used to give interest or emphasis by producing
a. Difference in sizes of areasb. Variation of shapesc. Contrast in characterd. Contrast in direction
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Sizes
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Shapes
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Character
OPEN
CLOSED
CLOSED
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Major Axis
Minor Axis
90 ˚
Direction
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Direction
R O A D
MAJOR AXIS TRANSVERSE
R O A D
MAJOR AXIS LONGITUDINAL
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BALANCE
2 Types of balance 1. Symmetrical
a. Bilateral symmetry
b. Radial symmetry
2. Unsymmetrical
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EMPHASIS
The visual emphasis can be achieved by endowing a form or shape with:
a. Exceptional sizeb. A unique shapec. Strategic location
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EMPHASIS
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Secondary Principles
Repetition
Sydney Opera House
PLAN
Floor Plan of a Row house
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Alternation – a synonym for contrast.
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Transition
123
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L'Hemisfèric (Planetarium) (1991)Valencia Science Centre, SpainThe eye with its emphasis on the pupil intrigues Calatrava and is a prominent motif in his drawings and design. The pool alongside the building reflects the semi-elliptical Planetarium, completing its form to the full shape of the eye.
Transformation
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SANTIAGO CALATRAVATurning Torso, Malmö, Sweden
The 190 meter tall concrete and steel tower turns 90 degrees from bottom to top.
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Transformation
The Milwaukee Art Museum, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Calatrava's designs are often inspired by nature, featuring a combination of organic forms and technological innovation. The Milwaukee Art Museum expansion incorporates multiple elements inspired by the Museum's lakefront location. Among the many maritime elements in Calatrava's design are: movable steel louvers inspired by the wings of a bird; a cabled pedestrian bridge with a soaring mast inspired by the form or a sailboat and a curving single-storey galleria reminiscent of a wave.
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